a) The country lacked of an interstate highway system
b) Rail consolidation was more extensive
c) Rail was faster, safer and more reliable
d) Railroads could carry goods a further distance
e) Companies preferred rail transportation for their goods
Substitutes erode profits because of which of the following factor?
a) Substitutes compete for similar inputs driving up production costs
b) Substitutes divide demand and drive up internal rivalry
c) Firms producing substitutes use similar worker skills dividing the labor pool
d) Manufacturers of substitutes enter markets later and have lower sunk costs
e) None of the above
Which of the following is not a condition under which an incumbent firm can
successfully deter entry by holding excess capacity?
a) The investment in excess capacity must be sunk prior to entry