Exploration is a more radical learning strategy than exploitation.
Specialist organizations concentrate their competences and skills to compete for
resources
in a single niche.
Cartels and collusion increase the stability and richness of an organization’s
environment and reduce the complexity of relations among competitors.
Top-management teams function most effectively when their membership is stable and
there is not too much entry into or departure from the team.
Decentralization does not eliminate the need for many hierarchical levels in a large and
complex organization.
All the organizations pass through the four principal stages of the organizational life
cycle at the same rate.
Mass production is the technology that involves groups of skilled workers interacting
closely and combining their skills to produce custom-designed products.
A staff function is directly involved in the production of the organization’s products.
A dominant coalition can often use its power subtly to control the premises behind
decision-making. This power is called referent power.
The term “framing effect” refers to a pattern of faulty decision-making that occurs when
members of a group discount negative information in order to arrive at a unanimous
agreement.
The internal systems approach to measuring organizational effectiveness evaluates an
organization’s ability to convert skills and resources efficiently into finished goods and
services.
Terminal values are reflected in an organization’s mission statement.
When conversion processes depend primarily on the performance of people, rather than
on machines, technical complexity of the process is said to be high.
In general, the more complex the value-creation activities necessary to produce and
market goods and services, the more problems are associated with using a network
structure.
The creation of an organization’s strategy is an example of programmed
decision-making.
Adaptive cultures are cautious and conservative.
The benefits an organization derives from being an early entrant into a new
environment are called ________.
A) whistle-blower’s advantages
B) advantages of clustering
C) first-mover advantages
D) advantages of boundary spanning
A toy maker sells a large number of toys and due to the large volume production it is
able to acquire the raw materials required to make the toys at a cheaper price than the
competition. In this case, the toy maker is taking advantage of ________.
A) economies of scale
B) economies of scope
C) organizational culture
D) organizational structure
Which of the following is the overall goal of total quality management (TQM)?
A) achieving radical innovation
B) increasing environmental richness
C) decreasing bargaining power of suppliers
D) achieving continuous improvement
With reference to the Perrow’s model, in an organization, which of the following
departments is most likely to have an organic structure?
A) manufacturing
B) sales
C) accounting
D) R&D
Informing (by an employee) an outside person or agency, such as a government agency
or a newspaper or television reporter, about an organization’s (its managers’) illegal or
immoral behavior is known as ________.
A) moonlighting
B) surface bargaining
C) whistle-blowing
D) circular logrolling
According to Weitzel and Jonsson’s model of organizational decline, during which of
the following stages of decline an organization has the least chance of survival?
A) inaction
B) faulty action
C) crisis
D) blinded
As the number of hierarchical levels increases, ________.
A) the degree of formalization decreases
B) the possibility that the information will be distorted decreases
C) the degree of decentralization increases
D) communication problems get progressively worse
Which of the following characteristics of organizational structure is most likely to resist
organizational change?
A) decentralized decision-making
B) standardization of behavior through rules and procedures
C) flat hierarchy of authority
D) extensive use of mutual adjustment
A large video company observes that smaller companies are having success with
pay-per-view movies and decides to enter the pay-per-view market. According to the
population ecology theory, which of the following strategies is being followed by the
large video company?
A) r-strategy
B) K-strategy
C) specialist strategy
D) generalist strategy
In order to measure organizational effectiveness, an organization uses indicators such as
number of defective products and cost of production. These indicators show that the
organization is using the ________ approach to measure organizational effectiveness.
A) external resource
B) technical
C) internal systems
D) transactional
________ technological change refers to a fundamental shift in technology that
revolutionizes products or the way in which they are produced.
A) Normative
B) Quantum
C) Mimetic
D) Incremental
The critical path method helps determine ________.
A) the most suitable structure for the organization
B) the best long-term marketing strategy for a company
C) the particular tasks or activities that have significant effect on project time and cost
D) trends in consumer tastes and preferences
Which of the following organizations is most likely to commit unethical and illegal acts
such as collusion, price fixing, or bribery?
A) an organization that is introducing a new product in the market
B) an organization that is struggling to survive
C) an organization that is entering into a new market
D) an organization that has a flat and decentralized organizational structure
According to Greiner’s model of organizational growth, an organization experiences a
crisis of control in the “growth through ________” stage of Greiner’s model.
A) coordination
B) direction
C) delegation
D) creativity
In which of the following organizational structures do employees move between teams?
A) product team structure
B) matrix structure
C) functional structure
D) bureaucratic structure
Which of the following statements is true regarding large-batch and mass production
technology?
A) This technology has the lowest level of technical complexity.
B) In the case of this technology, any machines used during the conversion process are
less important than people’s skills and knowledge.
C) This technology is typically used for producing customized products in small
quantities.
D) This technology allows tasks to be specified and programmed in advance.
A ________ is a group of workers who assume responsibility for performing all the
operations necessary for completing a specified stage in the manufacturing process.
A) quality circle
B) control group
C) flexible work team
D) kaizen group
Attitudinal structuring is a process ________.
A) of firing people who are trying to thwart organizational goals
B) designed to encourage the perception that conflicting parties are on the same side
C) of changing the structure of the organization so as to remove the source of conflict
D) that involves a third-party negotiator to moderate a dispute between subunits or
stakeholders
What are the two things that an organization can do to improve its ability to control?
Define role orientation. What are the two types of role orientation?
Explain the difference between specialist strategy and generalist strategy.
Describe the advantages of forming an organization.
Discuss the resource dependence theory.