What term best refers to interrelated beliefs, values, material practices, and norms of
behavior that exist in an industry at any given time?
a) Institutional elements
b) Institutional standards
c) Institutional influences
d) Institutional logics
e) Institutional ideas
Conflicts of interest in the certifier market often can lead to which of the following?
a) Higher priced goods and services
b) Lower competition between substitute goods
c) A reduction in the number of competitive sellers
d) Certification bias
e) Less product choice for the consumer
What was one of the first plant/factory types to use the ‘American System’ of
manufacturing?
a) Firearms
b) Steel
c) Oil
d) Automobiles
e) Chemicals
What type of research looks at the changes in market valuations in response to the
announcement of diversifying acquisitions to assess the success of diversification?
a) Event studies
b) Valuation studies
c) Diversification studies
d) Market studies
e) Acquisition studies
What is the term for examining consumers travel patterns?
a) Flow analysis
b) Travel analysis
c) Purchase location analysis
d) Consumer distance analysis
e) None of the above
What are influence costs?
a) Costs associated with slack effort and with the administrative controls to deter it
b) The cost of activities aimed at affecting the distribution of benefits in an organization
c) Costs related to the negotiation of external contracts
d) Costs of recruiting (“buying”) outside employees with a particular skill set
e) The costs of advertising to customers
What firm is generally regarded as being the first to extensively use mass production
processes?
a) IBM
b) Burroughs
c) Remington Rand
d) Ford
e) Sears
What term describes the price at which a consumer is indifferent between buying a
product and going without it?
a) Value creation
b) Competitive advantage
c) Consumer surplus
d) Maximum willingness-to-pay
e) Value chain
What term does Ronald Burt use to describe relationships in social networks in which
one actor is the critical link between individuals or entire groups of actors?
a) Mavens
b) Nodes
c) Structural holes
d) Tertius gaudens
e) Brokers
What term best describes the paradox which says despite the conclusion that predatory
pricing to deter entry appears irrational, many firms are commonly perceived as
slashing prices to deter entry?
a) Cloud paradox
b) Credit paradox
c) Entry paradox
d) Chain-store paradox
e) Pricing paradox