You are interested in explaining the different types of organizational designs to students
of basic management. These students need to know the advantages and disadvantages
of each structure as well as the structure’s characteristics. You extol the virtues and
benefits of standardization. You are probably promoting the ________.
A) matrix structure
B) virtual organization
C) bureaucracy
D) team structure
E) simple structure
Teams differ from groups because ________.
A) teams have no limits on the number of members, while groups have a restricted
membership
B) members of teams work independently of each other, while those in groups show
greater dependence on each other
C) members of teams work toward individual goals that may or may not be related,
while groups have a common goal
D) members of teams have a specific task-related purpose, while groups do not
E) teams have a no fixed duration, while groups have a fixed duration
The two-factor theory proposes that ________.
A) within every human being, there exists a hierarchy of five needs and as each of these
needs becomes substantially satisfied, the next one becomes dominant
B) employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced
into performing it
C) employees can view work as being as natural as rest or play, and therefore the
average person can learn to accept, and even seek, responsibility
D) the factors that lead to job satisfaction are separate and distinct from those that lead
to job dissatisfaction
E) achievement, power, and affiliation are three important needs that help explain
motivation
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which of the following is a lower-order
need?
A) social
B) safety
C) esteem
D) self-actualization
E) recognition
How can the gaps between what managers think employees feel and what employees
really feel be reduced?
A) conducting regular surveys
B) enforcing administrative policies
C) improving work place conditions
D) providing incentives
E) training employees
Organizational behavior is constructed from all of the following disciplines except
________.
A) physics
B) psychology
C) anthropology
D) sociology
E) social psychology
According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging
to the “________” type are flexible and spontaneous.
A) thinking
B) extraverted
C) introverted
D) feeling
E) perceiving
With reference to the team effectiveness model, which of the following is one of the key
components of an effective team, included under the category of contextual factors?
A) team efficacy
B) climate of trust
C) common purpose
D) social loafing
E) specific goals
Communication that takes place among members of work groups at the same level is
known as ________ communication.
A) diagonal
B) grapevine
C) upward
D) lateral
E) downward
In the context of behavioral dimensions of leadership identified in the Ohio State
Studies, initiating structure refers to the extent to which ________.
A) a person’s job relationships are characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees’
ideas, and regard for their feelings
B) a leader engages in participative management
C) a leader is accepting of and respects individual differences among various team
members
D) a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and those of employees in the
search for goal attainment
E) a leader initiates efforts to communicate personally with employees
You manage a department of five employees. You have identified that Joe has high need
for achievement, Mary has high need for power, and Tim has high need for affiliation.
Sarah scored high on the need for power and low on the need for affiliation. Doug
scores low on both need for power and need for affiliation. Which of these five
employees is most suitable for taking on your responsibilities when you are on a
vacation?
A) Joe
B) Mary
C) Tim
D) Sarah
E) Doug
In ________ cultures, similarity to supervisors is more important for predicting career
advancement.
A) collectivistic
B) sociocentric
C) egocentric
D) peer-to-peer
E) individualistic
Which of the following is an effective means of countering social loafing?
A) increase the rewards the group is given if it succeeds
B) increase the amount by which the group’s progress is monitored
C) ensure that individual contributions to the group’s outcome are identified
D) increase the size of the group
E) increase the group’s work load
The ________ pay plan has long been popular as a means of compensating production
workers by paying a fixed sum for each unit of production completed.
A) competency-based
B) gainsharing
C) piece-rate
D) profit sharing
E) merit-based