Job satisfaction and overall motivation for employees are only influenced by factors
directly related to the work.
Once the process is clearly defined, it should be the responsibility of the team to control
the process.
According to the attribution theory of conflict, satisfied individuals are more likely to
attribute the causes of their problems to flaws in other parties or in their situations.
The psychological theories of Sigmund Freud are useful when looking at adults in
organizational settings.
TMT is short for “temporal motivation theory” and relates the expectancy of a person
that a particular action will be rewarded, and the amount of the payout that will be
received, with how long that person is willing to wait to receive the expected payout.
In a public setting, our own behavior, and our attempts to influence the behavior of
others, must always be reduced to focus on meeting public objectives and community
needs.
Public distrust of government probably has decreased the attention that legislators pay
to agency activities.
High performing teams are known for conflict avoidance.
Covert power is easily observed.
Power and political processes in organizations do not help organizations adapt to or
interact with their environments appropriately.
The decision roles should be determined by organization chart.
You are better off guessing about an answer in a formal presentation than giving an
apology and a promise to find out the answer.
RSS provides another way of getting information out to the public in a quick and
efficient manner.
Managers throughout public organizations today are unlikely to be called on to
represent their organizations externally.
Frederick Taylor was greatly concerned with employee motivation.
People are not likely to be creative when they love what they do as it removes the
motivation to do anything else.
As long as our thinking is governed by habit, we will continue to re-create institutions
as they have been.
Positive organizational politics is more about self-interest and manipulation and less
about emotional health and intelligence.
The feeler needs a thinking type to persuade and conciliate feelings, to arouse
enthusiasm and to sell or advertise, and to teach and forecast.
To be effective, public administrators and nonprofit managers must lead and motivate
others only within their organizations.
In matrix analysis, a three-dimensional “idea box” is used to explore new ideas of
alternatives.
Job satisfaction is the feeling one has about one’s job.
The systems approach is seen as a way of ensuring attention to the “big picture.”
Generational differences are a potential source of conflict in the work place.
Many managers feel too secure to stir up conflict among their subordinates.
Weak relationships may foster creativity up to a point, beyond which the number of ties
may even constrain creativity at work.
There are four stages in the General Adaptation Syndrome.
Jargon involves manipulating the information that is being sent so that it will be
received more favorably by the receiver.
Participation influences motivation because it reduces the amount of information that
people have on the expected outcomes of performance.
The problems facing society and our communities today can be solved by public
servants and public organizations if they are allowed to act alone without public
interference.
The psychological relationship between leaders and followers is cut through by tension
and the potential for great antagonism.
The human value orientation views people and relationships in a negative manner.
The “experienced blind spot” phenomenon affects only tenured managers facing an
unexpected crisis.
Women are more cooperative and team oriented than men in the workplace.
The governmental-political model is a model with a single unitary decision maker.
People who do not trust others often are viewed by others as untrustworthy themselves.
The “economic man” argument suggests that:
A) People consider all available alternatives and then make choices that maximize the
values they receive
B) People pick the cheapest options wherever available
C) People pick the most expensive option provided it offers added value
D) People rarely consider the benefits of picking a more expensive option before
selecting the most economic one
Which of the following is an accurate statement?
A) Skills can be learned, whereas characteristics cannot
B) Skills can be learned, whereas characteristics develop over time
C) Skills develop over time automatically, while characteristics need effort
D) Skills and characteristics are both pre-set intrinsic qualities, which may develop over
time with concentrated effort
Which of the following types of change takes place within an organization’s existing
framework?
A) Incremental change
B) Discontinuous change
C) Strategic change
D) Grassroots change
Which of the following is NOT an indicator of a good team experience?
A) Members give each other a chance to speak
B) Members are valued for their ideas
C) Members are committed to implementation
D) Members don’t have to follow a set agenda
___________ thinking occurs when a problem is defined in a single way and there are
no alternatives considered until the solution is reached.
A) Horizontal
B) Unitary
C) Vertical
D) None of the above
The two-factor motivation-hygiene theory was proposed by:
A) Maslow
B) Herzberg
C) Aldefer
D) Juran
Which of the following statement is true? Research suggests that:
A) Happier workers cope with stress more efficiently than their unhappy counterparts
B) Happier workers are not necessarily able to cope with stress more efficiently than
their unhappy counterparts
C) Unhappy workers do not cope with stress
D) Unhappy workers know how to handle stress better than their happy counterparts
Which of the following is a NOT a characteristic of supportive communication?
A) Validating, not demeaning
B) Descriptive, not evaluative
C) General, not specific
D) Conjunctive, not disjunctive
Jamal encourages risk taking and is appreciated for his or her candor and openness. He
is most likely a:
A) Challenger
B) Communicator
C) Collaborator
D) Contributor
One of the costs associated with citizen involvement includes:
A) Desensitizing people to emerging problems
B) Decreases the accountability of the public
C) Views expressed might not be representative of the majority
D) People are less likely to “buy in” to solutions
________ are the foundation upon which attitudes and personal preferences are formed
and the basis for crucial decisions, life directions, and personal choice.
A) Personal values
B) Self-disclosure
C) Locus of control
D) Personality style
When employees are ________, morale tends to be low and the amount of conflict
increases.
A) Complacent
B) Anxious
C) Punished
D) Overwhelmed
Which of the following may be considered primarily emotional coping strategies?
A) Withdrawing from others
B) Spending less time with family
C) Sleeping less to work more
D) Setting priorities
Employees with ________ locus of control have ________ absenteeism and are
________ involved in work.
A) External, less, more
B) Internal, more, less
C) External, more, less
D) Internal, less, more
The five steps of the creative process are:
A) Preparation, incubation, illumination, verification, and implementation
B) Verification, incubation, concentration, idealization, and preparation
C) Incubation, discussion, illumination, verification, and implementation
D) Preparation, concentration, incubation, illumination, and verification
People from North America and Europe tend to ________ eye contact when speaking
with others, whereas people from Asia ________ eye contact.
A) Encourage; discourage
B) Maintain; avoid
C) Encourage; discourage
D) Avoid; maintain
Which of the following approaches will aid in overcoming people’s normal resistance
to change?
A) Involving people throughout the organization in the change process
B) Communicating the problems inherent in the current situation
C) Giving people time to let go of the past and embrace the future
D) All of the above
Which of the following types of media targets a particular group or “market segment?”
A) Television
B) Print media
C) Radio
D) Press conferences
Which of the following is NOT a principle of healthy conflict?
A) Create meaningful conversation
B) Make it material
C) Focus on the future
D) Pursue a noble purpose
People who have and exercise power have a number of personal qualities, including
A) Ambition
B) Self-knowledge
C) Confidence
D) Ability to tolerate conflict
E) All of the above
Theory Y assumptions require __________ to accept responsibility for arranging
organizational conditions and methods of operation so that people can achieve their
own goals best by directing their own efforts toward organizational objectives.
A) Management
B) Manager
C) Staff
D) Worker
Which of the following is a potential pitfall of self-disclosure?
A) Efforts might be seen as inappropriate
B) Efforts might be seen as manipulative
C) People might react defensively
D) All of the above
Strategic decisions do not involve:
A) Gathering intelligence
B) Setting directions
C) A high degree of delegation
D) Uncovering alternatives
Conflicts based on ________ tend to be highly emotional and difficult to resolve.
A) Information deficiencies
B) Personal differences
C) Role incompatibility
D) Environmental stress
Which of the following questions should you ask when analyzing individual employee
behavior in public organizations?
A) Do employees feel like part of a team?
B) Do workers understand the underlying values of the mission of the unit?
C) Are the appropriate equipment, technology, and supplies available?
D) Is the unit is receiving adequate funding and central agency support?
________ tend to be symbolic and enthusiastic.
A) Artisans
B) Guardians
C) Rationalists
D) Idealists
In terms of who should be involved in the decision making process, which of the
following is not one of the methods?
A) Authoritative
B) Constructive
C) Group
D) Consultative
According to Kohlberg’s model of moral development, in which of the following stages
of development would cheating on an exam be considered acceptable?
A) Unconventional
B) Preconventional
C) Conventional
D) Postconventional
Training of team members should include:
A) Action skills
B) Mathematic skills
C) Public speaking skills
D) Reading skills
Which of the following types of teams serves the purpose of breaking down the barriers
that exist in a hierarchical organization with a long history of division of labor and
division of tasks?
A) Cross-functional teams
B) Self-directed work teams
C) Top management teams
D) Virtual teams
Theory Y is based on the recognition that people need opportunities at work to satisfy
not only lower-level needs for wages and decent working conditions, but also:
A) Higher-level social and ego needs
B) Recognition of a job well done
C) A reward system that goes beyond such means
D) Higher-level needs for self-actualization
Compare and contrast the theories of conflict. What are some advantages and
disadvantages of each? Discuss, providing relevant examples where appropriate.
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Compare and contrast managers and leaders. What are the similarities, if any? What are
the differences, if any? Discuss, providing relevant examples where appropriate.
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Discuss best practices for implementing teams. How can managers assure that
implementing a team concept will be effective?
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Explain the RAPID technique of decision making.
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“Anyone can be creative.” Discuss in detail whether you agree or disagree with this
statement, using support from the book, class notes, or relevant examples, where
appropriate.
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Discuss how the views about power, workers, and organizations have changed and
evolved over time.
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Explore the different efforts to conceptualize change and to suggest strategies for
change. Discuss, providing relevant examples where appropriate.
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Compare and contrast the instruments used to measure the components of
self-awareness. What do each of the tests measure? Do they contribute to better hiring
practices? Why or why not?
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Name and explain four different viewpoints on creativity.
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What are networks? Why are they important in the delivery of services?
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Compare and contrast “Lifestyle adjustment” and “Attitude adjustment” as ways to
cope with and manage stress.
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Discuss the evolution of research and understanding about human behavior in an
organizational context. Be sure to identify the factors that led to changes in
understanding organizational behavior.
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Discuss aspects of the “What” and “How” of management.
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Illustrate with examples how an individual with advanced cognitive skills and abilities
can be as creative as an individual with creative traits.
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Compare and contrast the different types of teams. Do certain types of team work better
in certain situations? Discuss, providing relevant examples where appropriate.
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