Use of legitimate power by leaders is most likely to result in which outcome?
a. resistance
b. compliance
c. commitment
d. confusion
Participative leadership is most likely to be effective in a culture with:
a. high collectivism
b. low power distance
c. high gender egalitarianism
d. low performance orientation
What was not mentioned as an important question in the cross-cultural research on
leadership?
a. differences in beliefs about the essential characteristics of effective leaders
b. differences in how much a type of leadership behavior is used in each country
c. differences in beliefs about the importance of leadership for organizations
d. differences in the effects of leader behaviors on follower attitudes and motivation
Which of the following was not recommended as a guideline for participative
leadership?
a. look for ways to build on ideas and suggestions by subordinates
b. restate subordinate ideas and concerns to verify understanding
c. identify the best ideas and quickly dismiss any that have weaknesses
d. let subordinates know how their ideas and suggestions were eventually used
Which of the following is least likely to be a reason for resistance by employees to a
proposal by top management to change the current strategy?
a. a climate of distrust in the organization
b. fear of losing status and power
c. cynicism about the feasibility of the change
d. resentment of external dependencies
Which two kinds of power have been found to be related most strongly to leader
effectiveness in motivating subordinates?
a. expert and legitimate power
b. reward and referent power
c. expert and referent power
d. reward and expert power
Which conclusion best describes how CEO skills are related to organization
performance?
a. the essential CEO skills are the same for all types of organizations
b. CEO skills are not related significantly to company performance
c. the essential skills for a CEO are the same as for other types of leaders
d. the most important skills depend on several aspects of the situation
What level of leadership processes is emphasized in most theories of effective
leadership?
a. intra-individual
b. dyadic
c. group
d. organizational
Which type of value is not emphasized in theories of ethical leadership?
a. altruism
b. hedonism
c. optimism
d. empathy
Which of the following was not described as an essential theme for effective
leadership?
a. strengthen the collective identity of followers
b. rely on followers to interpret events
c. promote social justice and morality
d. encourage and facilitate collective learning
Charismatic leadership is best understood by examining:
a. leader characteristics such as traits and behavior
b. leader and subordinate characteristics
c. leader and situational characteristics
d. leader, subordinate, and situational characteristics
Ethical behavior and integrity for a leader is most likely to result in:
a. higher unit performance
b. higher ratings for the leader by bosses
c. less stress for the leader
d. higher subordinate satisfaction and trust
Which statement comparing transformational and charismatic leadership is most
accurate?
a. personal identification is more important in transformational leadership
b. situational variables are less important for charismatic leadership
c. leader articulation of an appealing vision is important in both theories
d. there are no important differences between the two types of leadership
Which of the following was not a recommendation for managers with regard to role
expectations?
a. understand the role expectations others have for them
b. influence the role expectations others have for them
c. disregard inconsistent role expectations others have for them
d. reconcile inconsistent role expectations others have for them
What is the major situational variable in Hersey and Blanchard’s leadership theory?
a. leader maturity
b. subordinate maturity
c. task structure
d. subordinate role interdependence
Research at CCL indicates that the least amount of learning occurred for managers who
had:
a. assignments for which they were already well prepared
b. challenges they had to face alone without much help
c. opportunities to make mistakes and understand the reasons for them
d. diverse experiences with different types of challenges
Which of the following is not likely to be an advantage of executive coaching over
formal training courses?
a. expense
b. confidentiality
c. effectiveness
d. flexibility
Which is least likely to be a reason for the ‘œglass ceiling’ in large organizations?
a. differences in leadership behavior displayed by men and women
b. implicit theories about the attributes required for effective leadership
c. popular stereotypes about the skills and traits of men and women
d. less encouragement and developmental opportunities for women
Which if the following was not mentioned as a weakness in most leadership theory and
research?
a. use of multiple methods to verify findings
b. overemphasis on dyadic processes
c. insufficient attention to explanatory processes
d. insufficient attention to the leadership context
Which of the following was not a recommendation for ethical leadership behavior?
a. stay neutral in political conflicts involving ethical issues
b. set an example of ethical behavior in your own actions
c. initiate discussions among followers about ethics and integrity
d. encourage and recognize ethical behavior by followers
Which of the following is least likely to be an outcome of leader supporting behavior?
a. better time management for the leader
b. reduced stress for the subordinates
c. more cooperative leader-subordinate relationships
d. lower absenteeism and turnover by subordinates
Which of the following is not characteristic of most leadership research? a. an emphasis
on explanatory processes and mediating variables
b. an assumption of strong effects by heroic individual leaders
c. a focus on dyadic processes rather than collective processes
d. an assumption of unidirectional causality from leader to followers