B. F. Skinner is considered the father of behaviorism.
Answer:
Neurological dysfunction due to faulty brain development is strongly linked to
pathological violence.
Answer:
The term prediction of dangerousness has been replaced by the term criminal
responsibility.
Answer:
The MTC classifies CSOs on the basis of how much daily contact with children they
seek.
Answer:
According to the text, the best predictor of future behavior is past behavior.
Answer:
The backgrounds of many school shooters include an interest in guns and other
weaponry, and they often had easy access to firearms.
Answer:
Aggression is a simple, direct way of solving immediate conflicts.
Answer:
Experts generally agree that the most common problem associated with ADHD is
violent, aggressive behavior.
Answer:
IQ refers to a broad, all-encompassing ability.
Answer:
The text primarily focuses on mentally disordered offenders.
Answer:
Criminology is the psychological study of crime.
Answer:
The most frequent and identifiable motive for arson is financial gain.
Answer:
The September 11, 2001 attack on the Pentagon is an example of a frustration-induced
riot.
Answer:
The most cited source of U.S. crime statistics is the Uniform Crime Reporting Program.
Answer:
Increasing behavior by avoiding an unpleasant stimulus is referred to as punishment.
Answer:
Psychedelics is another name for hallucinogens.
Answer:
Dehumanization is a type of disengagement.
Answer:
The great majority of crime in the United States and other countries is neither serious
nor violent.
Answer:
Psychopathy Screening Device or the PSD is one of the measures specifically designed
to identify youths with psychopathic characteristics.
Answer:
The majority of mass murderers plan to die at the crime scene.
Answer:
In general, individuals sentenced to prison accurately represent the “true” criminal
population.
Answer:
Most burglaries involve commercial establishments.
Answer:
Most bank robberies are carried out by a single offender.
Answer:
Sex offenders are a homogenous group, markedly similar in age, race and
socioeconomic status.
Answer:
Ken Bianchi, the Hillside Strangler, was diagnosed as a psychopath.
Answer:
According to the frustration-induced theory of criminality, individuals who commit
larceny during riots are motivated by revenge.
Answer:
A true psychopath consistently displays neurotic and anxious behavior.
Answer:
Both the cumulative risk and developmental cascade models emphasize that antisocial
behavior can be attributed to the single risk factor of peer rejection.
Answer:
Most research on drug and alcohol abuse has focused on males.
Answer:
In incidents of campus sexual assault, the person assaulted is more likely than the
perpetrator to withdraw from the college or university.
Answer:
Reported studies of self-reported criminal activity are conducted primarily with adults
who are incarcerated.
Answer:
Statistics show that more than half of all prison and jail inmates might benefit from
mental health treatment.
Answer:
Aggressive behavior is always criminal.
Answer:
From a psychological perspective, many arsonists have no intention of harming people.
Answer:
It is rare for an individual to possess both affective and cognitive empathy.
Answer:
Which of the following statements is most accurate?
A) Most criminals are mentally ill.
B) Most criminals have a mental disorder.
C) Most mentally disordered individuals are not violent.
D) Most murderers cannot help themselves because of mental illness.
Answer:
Positivist theory is to ________ as classical theory is to ________.
A) determinism; free will
B) jurisprudence; behavior
C) cognitions; biology
D) predictability; social norms
Answer:
Methylphenidate is also known as
A) Ritalin.
B) ephedrine.
C) cocaine.
D) Ativan.
Answer:
Historically, most self-report investigations focused on
A) adult offending.
B) delinquency.
C) sexual assault.
D) homicide.
Answer:
Why is it so difficult to properly evaluate the effectiveness of programs designed to
treat psychopaths?
A) Because they do not habituate to stimuli easily.
B) Because they are skilled at manipulation.
C) Because they rarely comply with treatment.
D) Because they have difficulty adjusting to new situations.
Answer:
Which of the following behaviors represents an example of passive-aggressive
behavior?
A) Slapping someone
B) Refusing to speak to someone
C) Shouting at someone
D) Shooting someone
Answer:
The ability to understand another’s emotions is called
A) cognitive empathy.
B) learned helplessness.
C) affective empathy.
D) personal efficacy.
Answer:
Vandiver and Ketcher’s (2004) found that the smallest and oldest group of female sex
offenders were the
A) young adult child exploiters.
B) female sexual predators.
C) aggressive homosexual offenders.
D) heterosexual nurturers.
Answer:
A developmental status attributable to a cognitive impairment is called
A) developmental readiness.
B) intellectual amblyopia.
C) developmental dysfunction.
D) intellectual disability.
Answer:
What do Edinboro, Pennsylvania, Fayetteville, Tennessee, and Jonesboro, Arkansas
have in common?
A) They are all locations of school-shooter copycats.
B) They are all locations of road range incidents.
C) They are all locations of terror attacks.
D) They are all locations of media-induced violent attacks.
Answer:
In the UCR, statutory rapes is considered a
A) noncriminal event.
B) Part I crime.
C) social issue.
D) Part II crime.
Answer:
The stage of development described in Moffitt’s 2002 follow-up study in which young
people flounder, choosing not to occupy traditional adult roles such as marriage or
parenthood is called
A) advanced life-course persistent.
B) emerging adulthood.
C) early onset persistent delinquent.
D) delayed maturity.
Answer:
Which of the following is one of Groth’s three categories of rape?
A) Control rape
B) Forceful rape
C) Anger rape
D) Opportunity rape
Answer:
An individual’s indoctrination to fully embrace a terrorist group’s ideology and mission
is called
A) radicalization.
B) social modeling.
C) self-censure.
D) group affiliation.
E) social marginalization.
Answer:
Public mass shootings are also known as
A) active shooter situations.
B) domestic terrorism.
C) geographical profiling.
D) serial killing events.
Answer:
Vaughn et al.’s 2008 research identified four classes of burglars based on ________
motives.
A) psychological
B) financial
C) sexual
D) external
Answer:
Which of the following effects is produced by narcotics?
A) Hyperactivity
B) Sleepiness
C) Restlessness
D) Elation
Answer:
Waaktaar et al. (2004) conducted a study to explore how resilience or protective factors
could be used to help at risk youths. The researchers targeted four resilience factors for
therapeutic intervention. What were these four factors?
A) Positive family relations, self-esteem, creativity, and interpersonal skills
B) Positive peer relations, self-efficacy, creativity, and coherence
C) Positive family relations, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and coherence
D) Positive peer relations, creativity, self-esteem, and academic skills
Answer:
Those influences in a person’s life that are believed to increase the probability that an
individual will engage in criminal behavior are called
A) self-regulatory assumptions.
B) criminogenic needs.
C) risk factors.
D) impulsive drives.
Answer:
According to Loeber and Stouthamer-Loeber, overt and covert acts of aggression are in
different in all of the following ways except
A) innate degree.
B) behavior patterns.
C) emotions.
D) development.
Answer:
According to the authors, our inability to prevent crime is largely due to the
A) declining interest in the field of criminology.
B) lack of available research funding.
C) complexity of the issue.
D) difficulty in defining relevant terms.
Answer:
Research on rape reveals that, in general, men who rape
A) are addicted to sex.
B) have uncontrollable or irresistible impulses to rape.
C) are suffering from various forms of mental illness.
D) subscribe to attitudes that support rape.
Answer:
The Psychopathy Checklist was specifically designed to identify
A) secondary psychopaths.
B) potential psychopaths during childhood.
C) only those psychopaths who engage in violent or sadistic acts.
D) psychopaths in male prison populations.
Answer:
The developmental perspective on crime and antisocial behavior views the life course
of all humans as following a
A) series of distinct age-related stages of development.
B) developmental pathway littered with risk factors.
C) vertical line dependent upon physiological milestones.
D) sequence of stages that enhance empathy.
Answer:
The third leading criminal enterprise in the world is
A) child sexual assault.
B) pedophilia.
C) internet pornography.
D) human trafficking.
Answer:
The producers of child pornography often have
A) a history of substance abuse.
B) legitimate access to the child.
C) inadequate communication skills.
D) poor relationships with family members.
Answer:
The U.S. federal court system currently uses which insanity standard?
A) The Durham Rule
B) The M’Naghten Rule
C) ALI/Brawner Rule
D) Insanity Defense Reform Act
Answer:
Investigative psychology is to ________ as profiling is to ________.
A) the crime scene; the offender
B) criminal analysis; criminal tendencies
C) forensics; anthropology
D) anthropology; forensics
Answer:
Neuropsychological indicators have been repeatedly found in psychopaths, as reflected
in electrodermal measures, cardiovascular, and other nervous system indices. These
indicators are called
A) confluence.
B) markers.
C) cloaca.
D) neuroindicators.
Answer:
Which of the following was reported by the National Center for Education Statistics?
A) Over the years, the percentage of youth homicides occurring at school remains more
than 10 percent of the total number of youth homicides.
B) While fear of being harmed at school has decreased, the risk of being victimized by
school violence has steadily increased.
C) More school shootings have occurred in Germany than in all other countries
combined.
D) Students were more likely to be victims of serious violence or homicide away from
school.
Answer:
According to Sutherland’s differential association theory
A) criminal behavior can be learned only by associating with others who are criminal.
B) violent behavior is biologically determined.
C) criminal behavior is learned like any other behavior.
D) criminal behavior is learned primarily through classical conditioning.
Answer:
Describe how the hierarchy rule is relevant to the dark figure of crime. Provide an
example of the hierarchy rule and discuss how your example would impact official
crime data.
Answer:
Match up the terminology in the left column to the definitions in the right column.
A) The stalker seeks power and control after a failed relationship with the victim
B) The stalker tries to elicit a particular response or change of behavior from the victim
C) Sending or posting harmful or cruel text or images using the Internet or other digital
communication devices
D) Robbery without a weapon
E) An irresistible urge or passion to set fires along with an intense fascination with
flames
F) Unauthorized access to computers
G) Hostages who did not survive the ordeal, or upon rescue have difficulty dealing with
the emotional trauma caused by the event
H) Threatening or harassing email messages, instant messages, or blog entries, or
websites dedicated solely to tormenting an individual
I) Robbery situations in which the group of offenders attempts to control their victims
J) Any willful or malicious burning or attempt to burn, with or without intent to
defraud, a dwelling house, public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property
of another
1. Cyberbullying
2. Dominance
3. Cyberharassment
4. Succumbers
5. Pyromania
6. Vengeance stalking
7. Simple obsession stalking
8. Strong-arm robbery
9. Hacking
10. Arson
Answer:
Compare and contrast the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports and the National Crime
Victimization Survey, focusing on: a. how the data are obtained and b. what type of
information is available from each.
Answer:
What were some concerns with the high concordance rate found among monozygotic
twins? Explain how at least one of these concerns can be addressed today.
Answer:
The textbook uses the ________ definition of terrorism.
Answer:
Studies examining the education level of inmates in correctional facilities found that
many inmates had attained a(n) ________ level of education or less.
Answer:
Define Stockholm Syndrome and London Syndrome. Provide examples of each.
Answer:
Compare and contrast juvenile firesetters and adult arsonists. Include research on
female arsonists.
Answer:
Explain the developmental approach to explaining delinquency and criminal behavior.
Answer:
The primary object of banks during a robbery is to ensure the ________ of employers
and customers.
Answer:
Hostile and instrumental aggression are distinguished by the ________ they offer the
perpetrator.
Answer:
Schizophrenia typically begins ________ in life.
Answer:
Research indicates that serial murderers generally begin their careers of repetitive
homicide at a relatively ________ age.
Answer:
How does Robert Merton’s Strain Theory explain crimes of the rich and powerful?
Answer:
Explain the psychological effects of burglary on victims. How do some burglars
deliberately increase these negative effects?
Answer:
When considering police data on homicide, it’s important to consider that arrests do not
necessarily result in ________.
Answer:
The developmental perspective views the life course of all humans as following a
________ that may be littered with risk factors.
Answer:
Name and describe five instruments used to measure psychopathy.
Answer:
Some researchers recommend that prevention preferably begin no later in life than
________ grade.
Answer:
Children tend to reject those peers who frequently use forms of ________ as their
preferred way of dealing with others.
Answer:
In the context of terrorism, ________ is defined as an individual’s indoctrination to
fully embrace a terrorist group’s ideology and mission, and to gradually embrace the
level of violence necessary to reach the group’s goals.
Answer:
Alarms and window locks are examples of ________ cues.
Answer:
The callous-unemotional trait cluster is similar to core behavioral patterns of ________.
Answer: