Not all states have adopted a good _______ exception that permits the use of evidence
because of a mistake by a judge, prosecutor, police dispatcher, or computer.
a. accompanying
b. rationale
c. intention
d. faith
When the exclusionary rule applies, the evidence will be _____________.
a. truncated
b. didacted
c. assimilated
d. excluded
If police are chasing a suspect and enter a residence to attempt to apprehend the
suspect, the ___________ exception to the warrant requirement may apply.
a. emergency circumstances
b. implied consent
c. hot-pursuit
d. inculpatory evidence
A trained drug-detection dog’s alert is generally sufficient to
a. create probable cause.
b. excuse the warrant requirement.
c. excuse the exclusionary rule.
d. prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
Police have a valid search warrant and seize a defendant’s incriminating business
records. This procedure
a. violates the privilege against self-incrimination.
b. violates the confrontation clause.
c. does not violate the Fifth Amendment.
d. violates the Fifth Amendment only if the records are handwritten.
That quantum (amount) of evidence known asreasonable ________is needed to
authorize an investigative detention,
a. conjecture
b. cause
c. suspicion
d. justification
Courts have upheld statutes requiring mandatory DNA samples from persons arrested or
indicted for ______crimes.
a. misdemeanor
b. felony
c. heinous
d. administrative
To have standing to contest the search of a place under the Fourth Amendment, the
defendant must have had a/n
a. right to be on the premises.
b. invitation from the owner to be on the premises.
c. a reasonable expectation of privacy in the place searched.
d. a possessory right to the items seized during the search.
The husband”wife (marital) privilege
a. was not recognized at common law.
b. is not recognized in federal courts.
c. is recognized in about half the states.
d. is recognized in all jurisdictions.
The U.S. Supreme Court made the exclusionary rule binding on the states in
a. 1902.
b. 1914.
c. 1961.
d. 2000.
Police may enter open fields without a warrant because
a. the exclusionary rule does not apply to open fields.
b. open fields are deemed common property.
c. open fields are not property.
d. open fields have no reasonable expectation of privacy protection against police entry.
DNA is available in about ___ percent of the crimes committed.
a. 20
b. 50
c. 30
d. 10
Under the ancient documents rule in federal and some state courts, the document must
be at least ______ years old.
a. 10
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40
To be entitled to Miranda warnings, the suspect must be both
a. a minor and under suspicion.
b. the focus of the investigation and under surveillance.
c. convicted and questioned.
d. in custody and subject to government interrogation.
Forensic ____________ involves evidence about insects.
a. cosmetology
b. immunology
c. entomology
d. herpetology
English common law in criminal cases was based on an _________ principle.
a. inquisitorial
b. accusatorial
c. confrontational
d. equitable
In terms of Hearsay, the________is the person who makes the statement.
a. defendant
b. declarant
c. witness
d. prosecutor
In 2007, due to the use of DNA in criminal cases, the ___ person was found innocent.
a. 75th
b. 120th
c. 200th
d. 100th
People can assert the privilege against self-incrimination only for ___________
evidence.
a. physical or scientific evidence
b. testimonial or communicative
c. bodily
d. exculpatory
If a person abandons property because of illegal police activity, it
a. is still a valid abandonment for Fourth Amendment purposes.
b. is a valid abandonment only for search purposes.
c. is a valid abandonment only for seizure purposes.
d. is not a valid abandonment for Fourth Amendment purposes.
One relatively recent set of exceptions to the hearsay rule have been created for
a. co-conspirators.
b. statements to physicians.
c. regularly kept records.
d. child victims of abuse.
Which of the following is not a Fourth Amendment search or seizure?
a. Terry stop
b. Terry frisk
c. arrest
d. voluntary encounter
Any statement or conduct from which guilt of the crime can be inferred is called a/an?
a. perjury
b. confession
c. incriminating statement
d. accomplice
____________ photographs of the victim’s body can inflame and prejudice the judge or
jury.
a. Graphic
b. Accurate
c. Complete
d. Gruesome
Under Federal rules, testimony about statements made by a person to show that the
person was mentally ill
a. are hearsay.
b. are not hearsay.
c. are hearsay but are admissible because of their indicia of reliability.
d. are excludable under Ohio v. Roberts.
____________ profiling is unlawful.
a. Racial
b. Offender
c. Convict
d. Crime scene
Which of the following is not an explicit factor in the Daubert test?
a. age of the theory
b. peer review
c . rate of error
d. testing of theory
As a general rule, a search warrant is ______ necessary to search a public employee’s
workplace (desk, files, and so on) to investigate work-related misconduct.
a. not
b. always
c. sometimes
d. federally
Use of a drug-detection dog during a routine traffic stop in a public place
a. must be justified by probable cause.
b. must be justified by reasonable suspicion.
c. requires a warrant.
d. does not violate the Fourth Amendment if it does not increase the length of the stop.
The U.S. Supreme Court has created a/n ____________ exception to Miranda.
a. totality of the circumstances
b. public safety
c. terrorist
d. conspicuous absence
If officers naturally (by ear) overhear conversations in public places,
a. it violates the Fourth Amendment.
b. it violates most state and federal statutes.
c. the evidence must be suppressed.
d. the evidence is admissible.
If a person asserts their Miranda privilege to remain silent during police questioning,
that silence can be used as evidence of guilt.
Computers owned by the government and used by government employees have less
Fourth Amendment protection than computers in homes.
The term res ipsa loquitur means “the thing speaks for itself.”
The leading U.S. Supreme Court case on due process and eyewitness testimony is Neil
v. _____________.
One of the exceptions to the exclusionary rule and fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine is
the _____________ source doctrine.
Discuss, define, compare, and contrast lineups, showups, and photographic displays. In
general, what are the reliability benefits and suggestiveness drawbacks of each
technique?
An alert by a trained drug detection dog constitutes reasonable suspicion but cannot
constitute probable cause.
The attorney”client privilege does not apply to communications made for the purpose of
getting advice to commit a crime or fraud.
The term “exemplar” means a ______________.
Discuss e-mail in terms of evidence collection.
Gruesome photographs of the victim’s body are never admissible.
In Katz v. U.S., the Court held that interceptions of communications were neither a
Fourth Amendment search nor a Fourth Amendment seizure.
Eyewitness identifications are extremely reliable.
Miranda warnings are not required in ordinary traffic stops.
The public safety exception to _______has been used many times since it was created
in 1984.
To what extent do parolees and prisoners have expectations of privacy protected by the
Fourth Amendment?
Federal law authorizes the use of “roving wiretaps” to cover suspects who use a series
of different telephones.