Which of “The 6 Pillars of Character” encompasses the ideas of altruism and
benevolence?
a. Citizenship
b. Trustworthiness
c. Caring
d. Respect
What are the two major areas of judicial discretion?
a. sentencing and jury selection
b. interpretation of law and jury selection
c. interpretation of law and jury instruction
d. sentencing and interpretation of law
_____________________ is the profession involved in the application of science to
recognize, identify, and evaluate physical evidence in court proceedings.
a. Criminal investigative science
b. Criminalistics
c. Criminal technologist
d. Crime scene technician
The approach in which each case is treated as one of many is called:
a. assembly line justice
b. bureaucratic justice
c. rational justice
d. wedding-cake illustration justice
As you review the evidence you intend to present, you notice that the crime lab was
unable to identify two fingerprints found at the crime scene. They were successful in
matching several other prints to those of the defendant, and you intend to present this to
the jury. Which of the following statements is true, regarding the inconclusive
fingerprints?
a. They are irrelevant to the case and can be disregarded
b. According to the Brady rule, you are required to provide the inconclusive report to
the defense
c. According to the Brady rule you must provide the information to the defense but only
if they formally request it
d. Because there were inconclusive fingerprints, you are not permitted to call the
examiner as an expert witness to testify about the prints that were successfully matched
___________ are often put into place to guard against ethics problems but sometimes
have the unintended effect of actually increasing unethical behavior.
a. Polygraph examinations
b. Compliance systems
c. The honor system”
d. Security cameras
In the __________________ model lawyers weigh the priorities and decide each case
on the specific factors present.
a. situational
b. systems
c. rational
d. bureaucratic
Which of the following statements about social learning theory is true?
a. Social learning theory was developed by Lawrence Kohlberg.
b. Social learning theory reflects the idea of modeling as the mechanism of
development.
c. Social learning theorists believe moral behavior is hierarchical.
d. Social learning theorists believe that as we develop, we move from pure egoism
toward altruism.
The crime control and due process models were developed by:
a. Carl Klockars
b. Herbert Packer
c. Lawrence Sherman
d. John Crank
Power is defined as:
a. the right inherent in a role to use any means to overcome resistance
b. the use of signs and symbols to induce compliance
c. the use of words and arguments to induce compliance
d. the unquestionable entitlement to be obeyed that comes from fulfilling a specific role
According to the text, those freedoms and protections that the framers of the
Constitution would have recognized if they had been asked are called:
a. “human rights”
b. “fundamental liberties”
c. “fundamental rights”
d. “human liberties”
According to the text, which of the following statements is true?
a. the U.S. holds 5 percent of the world’s population but 50 percent of its prisoners
b. the U.S. holds 5 percent of the world’s population but 25 percent of its prisoners
c. the U.S. holds 5 percent of the world’s population and 5 percent of its prisoners
d. the U.S. holds 5 percent of the world’s population but 75 percent of its prisoners
Even though the offender does not wish to be confined, the judge agrees that this is the
best course of action, for both the community and the offender. Which of the following
ethical systems does NOT support this decision?
a. Utilitarianism
b. ethics of care
c. ethical formalism
d. teleological ethics
The neighbor who entered the burning house was frightened but had always valued the
concept of heroism. Now faced with the opportunity, he chose to act heroically. In this
example, heroism is an example of a(n):
a. imperfect duty
b. universal obligation
c. personal obligation
d. moral obligation
The most common reasons for false convictions include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. inaccurate reporting in the media
b. false confessions
c. inaccurate eyewitness identifications
d. mishandled evidence
A teleological response to the situation would require Larry to:
a. remain passive, regardless of the consequences
b. pray for guidance
c. fight hard against the robber, regardless of the injury he might inflict
d. only be concerned with protecting himself
Graft is defined as the exploitation of one’s role by:
a. utilizing excessive force while arresting someone
b. utilizing excessive force to obtain a confession
c. accepting free coffee from convenience stores
d. accepting bribes or protection money
Which of the following is not a characteristic of frontal lobe damage?
a. difficulty in logical reasoning
b. impulsivity
c. tendency toward apathy
d. loss of motor function
Goldberg would assert that Joe has failed to act as:
a. a post-conventional adult
b. a synthesizing mind
c. an ethical role model
d. a “noble savage”
The concept of a “torture warrant” is most closely associated with the work of:
a. Jethro Eisenstein
b. George McCready
c. Alan Dershowitz
d. Hugo Grotius
Which type of justice is most closely associated with discussions of criminal law?
a. Commutative
b. Corrective
c. Utilitarianism
d. Distributive
According to the text, ___________________ is the ethical justification for all the
counter-terrorism measures discussed in the text.
a. retribution
b. utilitarianism
c. distributive justice
d. libertarianism
The Model Code of Judicial Conduct is organized into four canons including all of the
following except:
a. a judge shall uphold and promote the independence, integrity, and impartiality of the
judiciary
b. a judge shall perform the duties of judicial office impartially, competently, and
diligently
c. a judge shall conduct the judge’s personal and extrajudicial activities to minimize the
risk of conflict with the obligations of judicial office
d. a judge or candidate for judicial shall engage in political or campaign activity that is
consistent with his/her personal views
Which of the following statements about the Patriot Act is false?
a. The Patriot Act required all individuals on visas report to immigration offices
b. The Patriot Act included provisions that allowed federal agents to ‘sneak and peek”
c. The Patriot Act included provisions that allowed federal agents to utilize national
security letters to circumvent warrant requirements
d. That Patriot Act has remained unchanged since it was passed
While investigating the complaints, you noticed that several housing units were empty,
while the others were clearly overcrowded. Cells designed for two inmates were
occupied by three or four. When you asked the warden about this situation, he explained
that it was more cost-effective to double-up the inmates. The empty cells did not require
monitoring, cleaning, maintenance, etc. He did not seem concerned that this policy
resulted in undue suffering on the part of the inmates. This situation would be classified
as:
a. systemic abuse
b. “trickle-down” abuse
c. informal misconduct
d. negligent abuse
The _________________ principle directs a decision maker to act according to a
specific, unbending rule.
a. generalization
b. imperative
c. utilitarian
d. golden mean
The witness that the prosecution called to testify about supposedly overhearing your
client pray is an example of a jailhouse informant. The prosecutor had doubts about the
veracity of this testimony, especially considering the witness demanded that his own
charge be dropped in return for his testimony. The prosecutor decided to present the
witness anyway, figuring that it might not be totally proper, but that since he was
convinced your client was guilty, it was ok to bend the rules in order to secure the
conviction. This is an example of:
a. cognitive dissonance
b. selective information processing
c. noble-cause corruption
d. harmless error
An approach to the Constitution that uses a looser reading of the document is called:
a. the strict constructionist philosophy
b. the interpretationist philosophy
c. the libertarian philosophy
d. the federalist philosophy
Addressing the personal needs of the offender in this scenario is justified via which
ethical system?
a. Utilitarianism
b. ethical formalism
c. ethics of care
d. Kantian ethics
The application of ethical principles to specific issues such as social research or medical
practice is called:
a. meta-ethics
b. normative ethics
c. applied ethics
d. practical ethics
Which of “The 6 Pillars of Character” includes being a good steward of the natural
resources and doing one’s fair share?
a. Citizenship
b. Trustworthiness
c. Caring
d. Respect
Which of Kohlberg’s moral stages centers on universal ethical principles?
a. Stage 3
b. Stage 4
c. Stage 5
d. Stage 6
The evidence that the crime scene investigator presented would have had to meet:
a. the “Rawls test”
b. the “veil of ignorance test”
c. the “impartiality standard”
d. the “Daubert standard”
Aronson and McMurtrie identified one type of prosecutorial misconduct as “tunnel
vision,” arguing that:
a. an innocent suspect will always be considered guilty by the judge
b. truly innocent, law-abiding citizens do not get prosecuted
c. some prosecutors work under a bias that defendants are guilty, therefore they ignore
exculpatory evidence
d. prosecutors generally have a quota that they must fulfill
Describe how organizations can become corrupt, according to Trautman’s “Corruption
Continuum.”
Answer:answer not provided
The “front page test” suggests that some ethical systems rank higher than others,
depending on the situation, and one should follow whichever is on the “front page” at
that time.
A _______________ is an organization that gathers and analyzes intelligence collected
by law enforcement agencies.
What are the individual, organizational, and societal level explanations for police
officer deviance?
Answer:answer not provided
Explain the relationship between mercy and justice.
Answer:answer not provided
Sherman says that ethics courses relating to criminal justice should include
understanding the morality of _____________, since this concept is intrinsic to the
criminal justice system.
The imperative principle is associated with utilitarianism.
The pluralist paradigm says the definition of crime may change, depending on which
interest groups are in power.
A perception that everyone is weak or corrupt is called ___________________.
It is very common for attorneys to file complaints against judges that the attorneys feel
had engaged in misconduct.
There is overwhelming evidence that private corrections can save the state money.
_____________________ is an ethical system that defines good as that which results in
the greatest good for the greatest number.
Imperfect duties are general duties that should be upheld but do not have a specific
application as to when or how.
The ideal of the justice system is that two advocates of equal ability will engage in a
pursuit of truth, guided by a __________ judge.
___________________ punishment seeks to balance the victim’s harm with the
offender’s pain.