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Who makes federal parole decisions?
a. the sentencing judge
b. the American Civil Liberties Union
c. the United States Parole Commission
d. the warden of the prison where the inmate is confined
The intentional making of a false statement as part of the testimony by a sworn witness
in a judicial proceeding is called ________.
a. probative value
b. perjury
c. hearsay
d. reasonable doubt
In what era of policing did police departments focus most of their resources on solving
"traditional" crimes such as murder and rape?
a. the community policing era
b. the reform era
c. the political era
d. the strategic era
________ takes into account the financial resources of the offender.
a. Probation
b. Imprisonment
c. A day fine
d. A writ
A document guaranteeing the appearance of a defendant in court as required and
recording the pledge of money or property to be paid to the court if he or she does not
appear is known as a(n) ________.
a. bail bond
b. unsecured bond
c. property bond
d. signature bond
A written order issued by a judicial officer requiring an individual to appear in court to
give testimony is called a ________.
a. warrant
b. motion
c. subpoena
d. verdict
The ________ system relies on full-time salaried staff.
a. private counsel
b. contract attorney
c. assigned counsel
d. public defender
One study suggests that some prosecutors have an inherent tendency to be lenient
toward ________ defendants but discriminate against ________ defendants when
deciding whether to prosecute.
a. male; female
b. minority; female
c. female; minority
d. minority; male
Why doesn"t police response time result in a significant number of arrests?
a. There are not enough police officers on the street to respond to all calls.
b. Police departments do not train officers well.
c. Citizens do not report the event to the police until a considerable amount of time
passes.
d. Police officers do not drive fast enough to get to the crime scene.
The Kansas City experiment was regarding ________.
a. scientific evidence
b. crime evaluation tools
c. preventive patrol
d. crime prediction
Opportunities for federal appeals by death-row inmates were further limited by the
________ Act
a. Victim and Witness Protection
b. Victims of Crime
c. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement
d. Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty
________ is the collection and analysis of information to produce an intelligence end
product designed to inform police decision making at both the tactical and strategic
levels.
a. Intelligence-led policing
b. Criminal intelligence
c. Bivens action
d. Police ethics
In The Society of Captives, Gresham Sykes described the pains of imprisonment, or the
________ that prisoners experience.
a. deprivations
b. importations
c. victimizations
d. illnesses
The Serious Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) has found that ________
reduce(s) recidivism.
a. vocational and work release programs
b. psychiatric care
c. incarceration
d. electronic monitoring
A neighborhood resource officer asks residents to clean up litter, remove graffiti, and
install better lighting in a nearby park that is known for extensive drug dealing. Such a
request is characteristic of what type of policing?
a. strategic
b. problem-solving
c. rural
d. crime-fighting
All of the following are considered professionals in the courtroom work group,
EXCEPT the________.
a. victim
b. judge
c. defense attorney
d. prosecuting attorney
A defendant having no record of criminal convictions punishable by more than 60 days
of imprisonment is an example of ________.
a. truth in sentencing
b. aggravating circumstances
c. mitigating circumstances
d. advisory sentencing
Phishing is a form of ________.
a. computer crime
b. hate crime
c. corporate crime
d. violent crime
________ incapacitation seeks to identify the most dangerous criminals.
a. Focused
b. Collective
c. Massive
d. Selective
According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, an African American male living in
America today has approximately a ________ lifetime chance of going to prison,
a. 57%
b. 24%
c. 6%
d. 32%
Which of the following is NOT an area of communication the ECPA deals specifically
with?
a. wiretaps and bugs
b. pen registers that record the numbers dialed from a telephone
c. tracing devices that determine the number from which a call emanates
d. GPS tracking
According to the Status of Women in Policing Survey, about what percentage of women
fill all sworn law enforcement positions nationwide?
a. 62
b. 50
c. 13
d. 25
UCR/NIBRS terminology may differ from ________ definitions of crime.
a. statistical reporting
b. the UCR Program's
c. statutory
d. the FBI's
A centralized law enforcement agency ________.
a. has only one headquarters
b. is characteristic in the southern United States
c. combines criminal investigations with patrol of state highways
d. draws a clear distinction between traffic enforcement on state highways and other
state-level law enforcement functions
A juvenile confined in a private facility is likely to be ________.
a. held for a violent offense
b. a sex offender
c. younger than 14
d. white
Which of the following is NOT decided during the preliminary hearing?
a. whether the crime was committed
b. whether the crime occurred within the territorial jurisdiction of the court
c. whether the dependant would be allowed to enter a plea
d. whether there are reasonable grounds to believe that the defendant is guilty
The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that ________ must decide the facts that lead to a
death sentence.
a. juries, not judges
b. high courts
c. appellate courts
d. judges, not juries
Which of the following sentencing principles objectively holds that an offender's
criminal history should be taken into account in sentencing decisions?
a. equity
b. proportionality
c. social debt
d. good time
Three-strikes laws require ________ sentencing.
a. alternative
b. indeterminate
c. mandatory
d. quasi-independent
Which type of police corruption identified by the Knapp Commission involves the
active seeking of illicit money-making opportunities by officers?
a. grass eating
b. profiling
c. occupational deviance
d. meat eating
In Richards v. Wisconsin, the Supreme Court favored "no knock" entry when the police
have a reasonable suspicion that knocking and announcing their presence would be
dangerous or futile.
Police use their discretion to exercise choice in their daily activities.
Between 1967 and 1977, a de facto moratorium existed with no executions carried out
in any U.S. jurisdiction.
There is a new type of crime called flash robs. Define and explain the how it works,
how many people are involved, and the issues facing store employees and owners.
The M"Naghten rule, the Durham rule, and the Brawner rule all are connected with
insanity defense in criminal court. Define each rule and emphasize the difference
between the three.
A prosecutor is absolutely immune from liability for giving legal advice to the police.
In technical terms, an arrest occurs whenever a law enforcement officer restricts a
person's freedom to leave.
In what ways might pretrial news coverage be damaging to the objective outcome of a
criminal trial?
The author has raised several major issues facing prisons today. Define and comment
on three of those major issues and how they affect prison life, society, and the inmates
in the future. Analyze the issues you feel are the most pressing for corrections to face in
the future.
The U.S. Supreme Court has barred inmates from suing state prisons under the
Americans with Disabilities Act.
Warrantless searches of a vehicle are permitted if officers have probable cause to
believe contraband is present.
According to a 2011 study, recent models for reform adopted by a number of states can
be categorized into three groups according to the kinds of influences that have led to
their development. Define and explain two of the three models. Choose the model that
you believe works the best.
Evidence-based practice refers to crime-fighting strategies that have been scientifically
tested and is based on social science research.
Police use force in the course of their duties. Compare and contrast the use of force and
the use of excessive force. Cite an example of each.
Nationwide, approximately 96% of parolees successfully complete parole.
Racial profiling is a controversial subject that brings out strong feelings among different
groups of people. Comment on your view of racial profiling and why you feel that way.
Use examples and facts to support your answer. Analyze the US Department of Justice's
2011 critical report of the New Orleans Police Department's enforcement of the law and
how it fits into your profiling opinions.
