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Many defendants view the public defender as similar to what other courtroom actor?
a. The judge
b. the bailiff
c. the victim
d. the defendant
What effect can the exclusionary rule have on the prosecutor when questions of the
constitutionality of a search and seizure arise in a case?
a. such questions have no effect on the prosecutor
b. such questions put the prosecutor on the offensive
c. such questions alter the role of the judge, not the prosecutor
d. such questions put the prosecutor on the defensive
What criminal justice actors is most likely to file a bill of information?
a. the judge
b. the prosecutor
c. the grand jury
d. the defense attorney
In Barker v. Wingo, the Court held that the right to a speedy trial
a. was violated by a five year delay.
b. is a relative, not an absolute, right.
c. was an absolute constitutional mandate.
d. is a right of the prosecution but not the defense.
What is a commonly mentioned problem that prosecutors experience with police?
a. ethical violations
b. withholding key information
c. making inflammatory statements to the public
d. inadequate reports
Prior to the 1980s, how many federal judges were removed from office?
a. 4
b. 25
c. 40
d. 75
The right to a speedy trial
a. was violated by a five year delay.
b. is a relative, not an absolute, right.
c. was an absolute constitutional mandate.
d. is a right of the prosecution but not the defense.
Executive branch influence on punishment is exercised through
a. mandatory minimum and determinate sentencing schemes.
b. restorative justice programs.
c. parole boards and pardons.
d. common law writs.
The overall conviction rate at trial for felonies is upward of:
a. 60 percent
b. 70 percent
c. 80 percent
d. 90 percent
A sum of money paid to the government by a person convicted of an offense as
punishment is called
a. a fine
b. restitution
c. community service
d. compensation
Which of the following is not an element of "law on the books"?
a. legal duties of the main actors
b. structure of the courts
c. careful use of discretion
d. steps in the criminal justice process
The adversary system incorporates a series of checks and balances aimed at curbing
political misuse of the criminal courts through:
a. incorporation of rights
b. diffusion of powers
c. prosecutorial discretion
d. judicial activism
Which of the following is a characteristic of the due process model of criminal justice?
a. Concern for the rights of defendants
b. Efficiency is the main goal
c. Eliminating loopholes for defendants
d. Stress on informal fact-finding
Much of the Bill of Rights has been made applicable to the states through the:
a. Fourth Amendment
b. doctrine of precedent
c. legislative process
d. Fourteenth Amendment
Which of the following is a primary purpose of the appellate process?
a. error correction
b. enforcing court orders
c. enforcing judgments
d. controlling discretion
Juvenile courts frequently deal with
a. waived or certified children
b. transferred and indicted children
c. children in need of supervision
d. forfeited or mandated children
Pretrial publicity can taint a jury pool. What process is supposed to screen out potential
jurors who have been tainted?
a. venire
b. objections
c. voir dire
d. venue
Court reformers recommend that juvenile court be part of
a. family court
b. civil court
c. trial court
d. adult court
The Progressives' efforts to save the children of the urban masses reflected
a. a major shift in thinking about children.
b. a minor shift in thinking about children.
c. the typical thinking at the time about children.
d. no change in thinking about children.
According to Sally Kenney (2012), what does having women on the bench add to the
institution?
a. legitimacy
b. ethnic diversity
c. intelligence
d. all of these
A court that has a choice as to whether or not to hear the appeal is said to have what
kind of appellate jurisdiction?
a. discretionary
b. optional
c. prescient
d. elective
How many challenges for cause may be made by the prosecution and the defense in a
felony criminal trial?
a. five
b. ten
c. fifteen
d. an unlimited number
Which Supreme Court decision limited the right of non-felony defendants to have
court-appointed counsel?
a. Argersinger v. Hamlin
b. Faretta v. California
c. Strickland v. Washington
d. Gideon v. Wainwright
In this type of plea agreement the defendant pleads guilty to a charge in the indictment
in exchange for other charges in the indictment being dropped.
a. charge bargain
b. count bargain
c. reduction bargain
d. nolo contendere
The decision to suppress evidence rests with the
a. trial judge.
b. prosecutor.
c. defense attorney.
d. appellate judge.
Which of the following statements is true regarding legal ethics?
a. Lawyers are not allowed to mislead the court.
b. Lawyers cannot knowingly allow witnesses for their side to perjure themselves.
c. Before an individual may be admitted to the bar, s/he must pass a separate test on
legal ethics.
d. All of these statements are true.
What do those who want to see the exclusionary rule abolished argue should be enough
to deter police misconduct?
a. judicial sanctions
b. departmental sanctions
c. the threat of criminal prosecutions
d. the threat of civil lawsuits
Included among those who are not covered by statutory exemption from serving on a
jury panel are
a. police officers.
b. firefighters.
c. emergency medical personnel.
d. caregivers.
In a high-profile case what might be necessary to find a pool of potential jurors who
could render a fair and impartial verdict, free from the taint of pretrial publicity?
a. a change in custody
b. a rebuttal
c. jury consultants
d. a change in venue
In 1950, Congress extended significant new due process rights in courts-martial by
adopting the:
a. Military Justice Act
b. U.S. Joint Service Committee Act
c. Uniform Code of Military Justice
d. Armed Forces Court of Appeals Act
During what part of the criminal court process does a defendant enter a plea?
a. arrest
b. plea agreement
c. bail
d. arraignment
Most intermediate courts decide most cases in rotating panels of how many judges?
a. 3
b. 5
c. 7
d. 9
During a preliminary hearing, the prosecutor must prove to _____ that a crime was
committed and that there is probable cause to believe the defendant committed the
crime.
a. the grand jury
b. a judge
c. a jury
d. the District Attorney
When a criminal defendant acts pro se, courts have the discretion to appoint
a. a guardian ad litum
b. a victim mediator
c. shadow counsel
d. mediating counsel
Defense attorneys who have active criminal cases and maintain _____ relationships
with the prosecutor's office are commonly referred to as "gamblers."
The _____ is the name for the first ten Amendments of the U. S. Constitution.
Sentencing _____ refers to inconsistencies in sentencing resulting from the
decision-making process.
Federal sentencing guidelines are now mandatory rather than advisory.
During a hearing before a grand jury, the prosecutor must disclose exculpatory evidence
against the target of the grand jury investigation.
The concept of assembly-line justice stresses the mutual interdependence of the
courtroom workgroup.
The criminal justice system has done little to help victims recover from the financial
and emotional problems they suffer.
A prisoner may advance their date of release in prison by earning _____ time credit.
The due process model focuses on the rights of the_____.
The particular location or area in which a court having geographical jurisdiction may
hear a case is _____.
The _____ is responsible for maintaining order in the courtroom.
Punishments between ordinary probation and jail or prison are termed _____ sanctions.
_____ evidence is any evidence that may be favorable to the defendant at trial either by
tending to case doubt on the defendant's guilt or tending to mitigate the defendant's
culpability, thereby potentially reducing the defendant's sentence.
What are the key components of court unification? Why are these components
important?
Most modern prosecutors in the United States hold a public office.
Discretion is exercised at every key decision point within the criminal justice system.
Statewide sentencing guidelines are mentioned most frequently as the procedures for
ensuring _____ and appropriate severity in sentencing.
Like prosecutors, defense attorneys are _____ of the court, who must fulfill their
responsibilities within the framework established by legal ethics.
Many courts require defendants to read and sign a _____ form before pleading guilty.
