The _____ effect refers to the possibility that the place of manufacture may affect
product or brand image.
A. plus or minus
B. polar
C. transfer
D. alteration
E. country-of-origin
Country-of-origin effect (COE) can be defined as any influence that the country of
manufacture, assembly, or design has on a consumer’s positive or negative perception of
a product. A company competing in global markets today manufactures products
worldwide; when the customer becomes aware of the country of origin, there is the
possibility that the place of manufacture will affect product or brand images.
In the context of global population trends, a nation needs a fertility rate of about 2.1
children per woman to be able to:
A. reduce its population.
B. maintain its population.
C. encourage immigration.
D. increase its population.
E. discourage immigration.