276) The screening and evaluation stage of the new-product process involves
A) internal and external appraisals of new-product ideas.
B) product selection and budgeting projections.
C) business and cost analyses.
D) patent searches and environmental scanning.
E) idea selection and prototype development.
277) The ________ stage of the new-product process includes an examination of the technical
feasibility for the product, such as 3M determining that the firm’s micro-replication technology
(the 3,000 tiny gripping fingers per square inch) could be used to improve the gripping power of
batting or work gloves.
A) development
B) Stage-Gate
C) idea generation
D) business analysis
E) screening and evaluation
278) A 3M researcher worked with university students to develop the Post-it® Flag Highlighter.
When his team evaluated the technical feasibility of the proposed design and determined whether
the idea met the firm’s objectives set earlier, at which stage of the new-product process was this
product?
A) idea generation
B) screening and evaluation
C) business analysis
D) new-product strategy development
E) concept testing
279) Customer experience management (CEM) is
A) the integration of the service component of the marketing mix with efforts to influence
consumer demand.
B) the unique combination of benefits received by targeted buyers that include quality,
convenience, on-time delivery, and both before-sale and after-sale service at a specific price.
C) the process of managing the entire customer experience within the company.
D) a cluster of benefits that an organization promises customers to satisfy their needs.
E) the ability of logistics management to satisfy users in terms of time, dependability,
communication, and convenience.
280) ________ includes considering employee interactions with customers to ensure they are
consistently delivered and experienced, clearly differentiated from other offerings, and relevant
and valuable to the target market.
A) Capacity management
B) Customer experience management
C) Derived demand
D) Internal marketing
E) The key service factor
281) An external evaluation with consumers that consists of preliminary testing of a new-product
idea rather than the actual finished product is referred to as
A) new-product strategy development.
B) idea generation.
C) crowdsourcing.
D) market testing.
E) a concept test.
282) A concept test is an
A) internal evaluation among members of the entire cross-functional new-product development
team that consists of preliminary testing of a new-product idea rather than the actual product.
B) external evaluation with consumers that consists of preliminary testing of a new-product idea
rather than the actual finished product.
C) internal evaluation that consists of preliminary testing of a new-product idea using a mock-up
or prototype of the new item.
D) in-house computer simulation of the new product that closely resembles the actual product to
forecast sales.
E) in-depth questionnaire filled out both by internal marketing personnel and external customers
to ensure that the final product meets all the needs expressed in the original product plan.
283) Concept tests are part of which stage in the new-product development process?
A) development
B) screening and evaluation
C) idea generation
D) new-product strategy development
E) business analysis
284) The stage of the new-product development process that specifies the features of the product
and the marketing strategy needed to bring it to market and make financial projections is referred
to as
A) idea generation.
B) business analysis.
C) marketing analysis.
D) product development.
E) commercialization.
285) Business analysis is the stage of the new-product development process
A) during which the target markets are selected and resources are allocated to reach them.
B) during which the target market segments that show potential are selected and those that do not
are eliminated.
C) that specifies the features of the product and the marketing strategy needed to bring it to
market and make financial projections.
D) during which there is a formal accounting of all monies spent on R&D to determine the return
on investment (ROI) that the new product will give back to the firm.
E) that internally and externally evaluates new-product ideas to eliminate those warranting no
further effort.
286) An assessment of the “business fit” of the proposed new product, from whether it can be
economically produced to the marketing strategy needed to have it succeed, takes place during
which stage of the new-product development process?
A) business analysis
B) screening and evaluation
C) new-product strategy development
D) development
E) every stage with the exception of new-product strategy development
287) A general review of possible marketing and product synergies, economic analysis, and
cannibalization potential would all take place during which stage of the new-product
development process?
A) business analysis
B) screening and evaluation
C) new-product strategy development
D) development
E) These activities are addressed at every stage except new-product strategy development.
288) Detailed financial projections and determination if a new product could be protected with
patents or copyright are a part of which stage of the new-product development process?
A) idea generation
B) market testing
C) business analysis
D) development
E) commercialization
289) All of the following actions occur during the business analysis stage of the new-product
development process except which?
A) determining the equipment or technology necessary to produce the new product
B) assessing the marketing and product synergies related to the company’s existing operations
C) turning the idea on paper into a prototype
D) determining whether the new product can be protected with a patent or copyright
E) assessing whether the proposed new product fits with the company’s mission and objectives
290) A full-scale operating model of the product or service under development is referred to as a
A) sample.
B) framework.
C) template.
D) prototype.
E) blueprint.
291) A prototype is a
A) miniature version of an actual new product used in concept testing to identify any changes
that need to be made prior to its commercialization.
B) full-scale operating model of the product or service under development.
C) sample of a new product given to prospective customers and opinion leaders used to generate
awareness prior to the product’s commercial release.
D) simulated operating model of the product given to consumers to use in full-scale field testing.
E) digital version of a product produced in multiple shapes, colors, and sizes to determine which
version of the product customers like best.
292) The stage of the new-product development process that turns an idea on paper into a
prototype is referred to as
A) idea generation.
B) screening and evaluation.
C) business analysis.
D) commercialization.
E) development.
293) Development is the stage of the new-product development process
A) where initial ideas are generated and discussed.
B) that turns an idea on paper into a prototype.
C) where product characteristics and product benefits are selected.
D) where cross-functional team members and leaders are selected and initial tasks are assigned.
E) where the first version of a product enters the marketplace.
294) In the new-product process, product ideas that survive the business analysis stage proceed
to the ________ stage.
A) market testing
B) screening and evaluation
C) business analysis
D) development
E) commercialization
295) At Mattel, Barbie is child-tested to be sure the doll cannot be broken apart and accidentally
cause a child to choke on pieces. This type of consumer or safety test occurs during the
________ stage of the new-product development process.
A) new-product strategy development
B) development
C) business analysis
D) screening and evaluation
E) market testing
296) Google’s driverless cars had completed over three million miles of autonomous driving with
a Google engineer in the passenger seat. The Google driverless car initiative is at which stage of
the new-product process?
A) development
B) market testing
C) idea generation
D) screening and evaluation
E) business analysis
297) New-product strategy development calls for INGenius Co. to develop a battery recycler for
the business market. Which is the most likely stage of the new-product process in which
manufacturing issues regarding the new product become an especially important element?
A) market testing
B) idea generation
C) screening and evaluation
D) development
E) business analysis
298) You may have seen automobile ads that show a controlled crash of a car containing crash
test dummies and the resultant vehicular damage. In the new-product development process, this
safety test would occur during the ________ stage.
A) development
B) market testing
C) idea generation
D) screening and evaluation
E) business analysis
299) The stage of the new-product process that exposes actual products to prospective consumers
under realistic purchase conditions to see if they will buy is referred to as
A) development.
B) market testing.
C) business analysis.
D) commercialization.
E) screening and evaluation.
300) Market testing the stage of the new-product development process that involves
A) exposing actual products to prospective consumers under realistic purchase conditions to see
if they will buy.
B) making sales and profit projections on prototype products to make go-no-go decisions.
C) conducting marketing research among a sample of consumers in the target market to
determine which version of a new-product concept is deemed the best.
D) independently run comparison tests with similar products currently in the marketplace to
determine which one performs best.
E) conducting safety tests to determine whether the new product meets the established
requirements when it isn’t used as planned.
301) Nicole owns a small organic spice company called RaisaSpice and was looking for a new
product to add to her company’s line. A friend suggested combining spices from India with tea.
In the ________ stage of the new-product process, the spice and tea mixtures were distributed to
grocery stores in Portland and Seattle to see if they sold well.
A) idea generation
B) screening and evaluation
C) business analysis
D) market testing
E) commercialization
302) During which stage of the new-product process are audiences allowed to preview actual
movies like Aquaman or Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (a sneak preview) so that changes
might be made before they are released to the general public?
A) market testing
B) business analysis
C) commercialization
D) screening and evaluation
E) concept testing
303) Breyer’s introduced a new line of ice cream flavors for sale in elegant black containers. This
was done on a limited scale to determine consumer reactions before national distribution of the
product. At that time, Breyer’s new product was in the ________ stage of the new-product
process.
A) commercialization
B) screening and evaluation
C) business analysis
D) development
E) market testing
304) Test marketing involves offering a product for sale
A) to a random sample of people in the top 10 U.S. cities.
B) in as broad a geographic region as possible.
C) to consumers that are representative of the target market.
D) on a limited basis in a defined area.
E) only on certain days of the week and hours of the day.
305) Which of the following statements about test marketing is most accurate?
A) Test marketing is less common for consumer packaged goods compared with other types of
products.
B) Test marketing is a risk-free way to expose potential customers to new products.
C) The three main kinds of test markets are standard, controlled, and simulated.
D) Simulated test markets are most likely to alert competitors to a firm’s plans.
E) Standard test markets are the least expensive and fastest type.
306) If a firm contracts with IRI, a leading test market company, to track sales of a new product
made to a panel of consumers and to assess the effectiveness of advertising and other promotion
tactics, what type of test market is this?
A) laboratory test market
B) concept test market
C) simulated test market
D) controlled test market
E) standard test market
307) To save time and money, companies often turn to ________, a technique that somewhat
replicates a full-scale test market.
A) partial rollouts
B) screening and evaluation
C) virtual reality testing
D) time-to-market measures
E) simulated test markets