61. The International Monetary Fund was particularly important when it was first created because it helped stabilize the world’s
economic system following
A. the breakup of the Soviet Union.
B. the creation of the European Union.
62. How many countries were members of the IMF?
63. Which of the following represents how technology is being used in the global marketing environment?
64. If a domestic firm makes the mistake of believing that foreign consumers want exactly the same products that are sold in the
United States, then that firm is most likely ignoring the importance of
A. consumer ethnocentrism.
B. demographics.
65. What U.S. corporation was criticized when it created an in-store ad for some European stores that showed a Hindu goddess
atop a ham sandwich with the caption, A snack that is sacred?
66. A belief by residents of a country that it is inappropriate or immoral to purchase foreign-made goods and services is known
as
67. Consider the following statements to determine which one accurately describes the concept of consumer ethnocentrism.
A. a belief by residents of a country that the goods and services they produce are superior to that of other countries
B. a belief that the world’s goods and services should be distributed fairly by all nations
68. In 2003, when France refused to join the U.S. military operation in Iraq, many U.S. consumers refused to eat french fries, so
clever marketers renamed them freedom fries. What obstacle were these marketers trying to overcome?
69. What are the three sources of funding that nonprofit organizations rely on?
70. Which of the following accurately describes the nonprofit competitive environment?
71. During the economic recession that began in December of 2007, Americans reduced their overall charitable giving by
approximately
72. When a hospital’s front lobby displays a digital recognition system listing financial donors of all amounts in order to foster
pride and enthusiasm in donors about how their efforts improve the lives of others, it is most likely attempting to overcome which
type of external marketing factor?
A. political
B. legal
73. As noted in your text, from a political standpoint, which of the following was hit particularly hard due to the recession that
began in late 2007?
A. auto manufacturing
B. the entertainment industry
74. Changes to the tax incentive element as it pertains to charitable donations are part of which external factor affecting the
marketing environment for nonprofit organizations?
75. When marketers use Facebook to increase awareness and enhance relationships with donors, they are responding to which
type of external force in the marketing environment?
A. demographics
B. economic
76. In a competitive environment, the situation in which products that perform the same function compete against one another is
referred to as ________ competition.
77. The fact that Home Depot and Lowe’s both cater to the home improvement segment of the marketplace by selling similar
products is an example of ________ competition.
78. _______ products are goods and services that perform very similar functions and can be used in place of one another.
79. Instead of watching movies on cable TV, Isabel has chosen instead to subscribe to Netflix. Netflix would be considered a
_______ product because it performs a similar function to cable movie stations.
80. When products provide alternate solutions to the same market, _______ competition has occurred.
81. In the fast food market, Subway would be considered a(n) ________ competitor to burger chains such as McDonald’s and
Wendy’s.
82. When a company monitors developments outside the control of the firm with the goal of detecting and responding to threats
and opportunities, it is engaged in _______ _______.
03–28
Topic: External Marketing Environment
83. There are six types of major external factors that influence the marketing environment of a firm. They are: sociocultural,
demographic, technological, political, legal, and ________.
84. _____ _____ _____is a measure of the market value of all officially recognized final goods and services produced within a
country in a given period.
85. In the United States, GDP declined in both 2008 and 2009. Because of this fact, the U.S. economy was considered to be in a
_______.
86. When consumers experience an increase in the general level of prices of products over a period of time, _______ has
occurred.
03–29
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Summarize the major external factors that influence the marketing environment.
Topic: Economic Environment
87. Carlos makes the same amount of money as he did last year, but lately he never seems to have enough money to make
ends meet. Where he used to be able to save money each month, now he barely has enough to pay his bills. Carlos is
experiencing a reduction in his ______ ______.
88. When consumers are optimistic about the overall state of the economy, their ______ ______will be high and they will tend to
purchase more.
89. Age, gender, ethnicity, and education level are all _______ characteristics that influence the products consumers buy.
90. The amount of spending money available to households after paying taxes is referred to as _______ income.
03–30
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 Summarize the major external factors that influence the marketing environment.
Topic: Demographic Environment
91. Seventy-five percent of _______ identify themselves as the primary shopper in their household.
92. Projections indicate that by 2050 the _______ population in the United States will almost double to more than 127 million,
representing over 30 percent of the entire U.S. population.
93. _______ factors are the combination of social and cultural factors that affect individual development.
94. The _______ made deceptive and misleading advertising illegal.
95. The consumer protection agency for the United States is the ______ ______ ______.
96. Cecilia used to spend a lot of time clipping coupons to save money at the grocery store. Since she got a smartphone,
however, she now has apps that not only bring her coupons, but also help her create grocery lists, find recipes, and search for
deals. This is an example of how the external factor of _______ influences the marketing environment.
97. The ______ ______ ______ is the price of one country’s currency in terms of another country’s currency.
03–32
Learning Objective: 03-03 Extend the analysis of the marketing environment beyond the borders of the United States.
Topic: International Marketing Environment
98. Currency _______ refers to how the value of one country’s currency changes in relation to the value of other currencies.
99. A country’s ______ ______often provides the most reliable picture of its purchasing power.
100. NAFTA is an international agreement that established a free trade zone among the United States, Canada, and _______.
101. One of the key goals of NAFTA, to eliminate barriers to trade and investment among the United States, Canada, and
Mexico, was accomplished by the elimination and/or reduction of _______.
03–33
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Identify the major trade agreements, monetary unions, and organizations that affect the international marketing environment.
Topic: Trade Agreements, Monetary Unions and International Organizations
102. In 2004, the ______ ______ joined the Central America Free Trade Agreement.
103. The ______ ______was formed to create a single European market by reducing barriers to the free trade of goods,
services, and finances among member countries.
104. The ______ ______ ______ is an international organization that regulates trade among participating countries and helps
importers and exporters conduct their business.