94) Department stores carry narrow product lines with deep assortments within those lines.
95) Self-service retailers serve customers who are willing to perform their own locate-compare-
select process to save time or money.
96) Full-service stores usually carry more specialty goods for which customers need or want
assistance or advice.
97) In recent years, convenience stores have redesigned their stores to closely focus on serving
their primary target market made up of young, blue-collar men.
98) Superstores are much larger than regular supermarkets and offer a large assortment of
routinely purchased food products, nonfood items, and services.
99) Supermarkets sell a limited selection of goods at deep discounts to consumers who pay
membership fees.
100) Supermarkets are located near residential areas and are open long hours, seven days a week;
they carry a limited line of high-turnover goods.
101) Category killers are giant specialty stores that carry a very deep assortment of a particular
line.
102) Off-price retailers pay regular wholesale prices for their merchandise but maintain low
prices by accepting lower margins and selling higher volume.
103) A discount store buys at less-than-regular wholesale prices and charges consumers less than
retail.
104) Independent off-price retailers either are independently owned and run or are divisions of
larger retail corporations.
105) Corporate chains are two or more outlets that are commonly owned and controlled.
106) A voluntary chain is a wholesaler-sponsored group of independent retailers that engages in
group buying and common merchandising.
107) In a retailer cooperative, independent retailers band together to set up a jointly owned,
central wholesale operation and conduct joint merchandising and promotion efforts.
108) Retailers first must position themselves in a market and then decide how they will define
the target customers in these markets.
109) A neighborhood shopping center has from 50 to more than 100 stores.
110) A community shopping center contains between 15 and 50 retail stores.
111) Power centers tend to be smaller than lifestyle centers.
112) The life cycle of new retail forms is getting longer.
113) Retail convergence means lower competition for retailers and lower difficulty in
differentiating the product assortments of different types of retailers.
114) Megaretailers have shifted the balance of power between retailers and producers, giving
retailers more power.
115) Many shoppers now check out merchandise online and then buy it at brick-and-mortar
stores. This process is called showrooming.
116) Green retailing yields both top- and bottom-line benefits.
117) Like retailers, wholesalers must decide on product and service assortments, prices,
promotion, and place.
118) In an automated warehouse, orders are fed directly from the retailer’s information system to
the wholesaler’s, and the items are picked up by mechanical devices and taken to a shipping
platform where they are assembled.
119) Retail stores can be classified in terms of several characteristics. Name four of them.
120) Compare and contrast specialty stores and convenience stores.
121) Describe the differences between discount stores and off-price retailers.
122) What types of products do specialty stores carry? Give an example of a specialty store.
123) How have department stores responded to increased competition by specialty stores and
lower-priced discounters?
124) What is a category killer? Provide an example and a description of a category killer.
125) How can discount stores sell merchandise at lower prices?
126) What are the different types of off-price retailers?
127) Describe the differences between chain stores and franchises.
128) How does a retailer cooperative function?
129) Explain how Whole Foods is able to compete against Walmart.
130) What elements comprise a store’s atmosphere?
131) How do the practices of “high-low” pricing and everyday low pricing differ?
132) How have shopping centers changed in the past few decades?
133) The three types of shopping centers are regional shopping centers, community shopping
centers, and neighborhood shopping centers/strip malls. Describe how they are different from
each other.
134) What attracts shoppers to a power center?
135) Briefly explain the wheel-of-retailing concept.
136) What are pop-up stores? Provide an example to illustrate your answer.
137) What constitutes retail convergence?
138) Describe how nonstore retailing has grown in the past decade.
139) Why would a producer use wholesalers rather than sell directly to retailers or consumers?
140) How do merchant wholesalers and agents/brokers differ?
141) Explain the marketing decisions faced by wholesalers.
142) How can wholesalers improve their use of promotions?
143) Explain how wholesalers have been able to use technology to cut costs.