Multiple Choice
1. Annika is excited about her new job. She thinks it will be exciting, fulfilling, rewarding, and allow her the standard of
living she is looking for. She has made a(n) _____ with her new employer.
a.
inducement
b.
psychological contract
c.
contribution
d.
person-job fit
e.
written agreement
2. Identify the contribution made by an individual to a psychological contract.
a.
Job security
b.
Recognition
c.
Pay
d.
Effort
e.
Benefit
Easy
p. 262
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Understanding Individuals in Organizations
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3. Katherine works as a photographer for a major news organization. She is assigned to cover stories from around the
world. What organizational inducement applies to Katherine’s situation?
a.
Opportunities for advancement
b.
Efforts to cover stories
c.
Skills in photography
d.
Opportunities to travel around the world
Challenging
p. 262
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Understanding Individuals in Organizations
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e.
Loyalty to the organization
4. Identify the inducement that an organization provides to its employees.
a.
Effort
b.
Ability
c.
Loyalty
d.
Skills
e.
Pay
5. Identify the reason why organizations are unable to achieve a perfect person-job fit.
a.
Imperfect selection processes
b.
Static nature of people
c.
Consistent traits among individuals
d.
Static nature of organizations
e.
Similarity in skills required for different jobs
a
p. 263
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-1 – LO: 9-1
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Challenging
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-1 – LO: 9-1
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Understanding Individuals in Organizations
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6. Officers in the US military have no control over employee pay. It is all based on time of service and rank. The military
uses medals and ribbons to acknowledge excellence. The medals are an example of _____.
a.
intangible rewards
b.
job tasks
c.
stressors
d.
contributions
e.
inducements
e
The medals are inducements provided to the officers in return for their contributions.
Challenging
p. 262
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Understanding Individuals in Organizations
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7. _____ is the relatively stable set of psychological and behavioral attributes that distinguish one person from another.
a.
Behavior
b.
Perception
c.
Attribution
d.
Personality
e.
Motivation
Easy
p. 264
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8. A person’s ability to get along with others in an organization is known as _____.
a.
locus of control
b.
conscientiousness
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c.
Machiavellianism
d.
authoritarianism
e.
agreeableness
9. When Amy is in a room full of strangers she becomes energized to interact with them. Which of the following
personality traits does Amy portray?
a.
Locus of control
b.
Extraversion
c.
Machiavellianism
d.
Authoritarianism
e.
Conscientiousness
Challenging
p. 266
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10. Doreen often takes up more tasks than she can handle, and becomes disorganized and careless. In this scenario,
Doreen portrays _____.
a.
high risk propensity
b.
openness to listening
c.
an internal locus of control
d.
an external locus of control
e.
low levels of conscientiousness
e
e
Easy
p. 265
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11. _____ refers to a person’s rigidity of beliefs and range of interests.
a.
Self-efficacy
b.
Openness
c.
Self-monitoring
d.
Risk propensity
e.
Machiavellianism
Easy
p. 266
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12. James gets his energy from other people, likes the big picture, and completes work before moving on to the next
project. His traits illustrate the _____ dimension of the Myers-Briggs framework.
a.
intraversion
b.
judging
c.
sensing
d.
thinking
e.
feeling
Challenging
p. 266
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United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
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Challenging
p. 265
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-2 – LO: 9-2
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13. Theresa gets her energy from solitude, prefers detail-oriented concrete projects, and bases her decisions on logical
reasoning. Based on the Myers-Briggs framework, Theresa can be differentiated as a(n) _____.
a.
extrovert
b.
intuitive
c.
thinker
d.
judging type
e.
perceiving type
14. In the Myers-Briggs framework, people who enjoy completion or being finished are typically categorized as _____.
a.
intuitives
b.
sensing types
c.
thinking individuals
d.
feeling individuals
e.
judging types
e
People who are the judging type enjoy completion or being finished.
Easy
p. 266
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15. Bernard, a senior manager at Duepoint Inc., manipulates his subordinates to gain personal benefits by promising them
false rewards. Bernard’s personality trait is an example of _____.
a.
self-esteem
b.
conformity
c.
Machiavellianism
d.
authoritarianism
e.
risk propensity
c
Challenging
p. 266
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16. Complexes of beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas, situations, or other people are known as
_____.
a.
personality attributes
b.
attitudes
c.
perceptions
d.
characteristics
e.
behaviors
people are called attitudes.
Easy
p. 269
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17. Amelia believes that recreation management, as a specification, can be understood only outside the confines of a
classroom. However, she is required to fulfill a certain number of classroom hours to graduate as a recreation specialist. In
this scenario, Amelia is likely to experience _____.
a.
neuroticism
b.
selective perception
c.
risk propensity
d.
cognitive dissonance
e.
positive affectivity
Challenging
p. 269
c
others.
Challenging
p. 267
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18. Charlie’s belief that only luck determines what happens to him portrays that he has _____.
a.
high self-esteem.
b.
low emotional intelligence
c.
an external locus of control
d.
authoritarian personality
e.
low risk propensity
c
Challenging
p. 267
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Personality and Individual Behavior
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19. Christine admires her friend Paul’s extraverted nature. She knows that he is always ready to meet with her and other
colleagues to share ideas. Christine’s knowledge about Paul portrays the _____ component of her attitude.
a.
affective
b.
stereotypical
c.
affirmative
d.
cognitive
e.
dissonance
situations.
Challenging
p. 269
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-3 – LO: 9-3
United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
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MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-3 – LO: 9-3
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20. Jessica, a university student, accepts everything Prof. Hendricks has to say solely because he is the professor. It can be
inferred that Jessica has _____.
a.
high self-esteem
b.
internal locus of control
c.
low self-efficacy
d.
a highly authoritarian personality
e.
a high risk propensity
21. When Caryl feels stress, anxiety, fear, or anger, she prays so that her emotions do not interfere with her work.
Afterward she is more productive. Identify the emotional intelligence (EQ) dimension illustrated by Caryl’s praying.
a.
self-awareness
b.
managing emotions
c.
risk propensity
d.
empathy
e.
social skill
Challenging
p. 268
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Personality and Individual Behavior
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22. An individual who experiments with new ideas and gambles on new products is said to have a(n) _____.
a.
external locus of control
b.
authoritarian outlook
c.
Machiavellian personality
d.
low self-esteem
e.
high risk propensity
e
Challenging
p. 267
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Personality and Individual Behavior
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23. Someone who is content with a low level job, is not confident, and focuses on extrinsic rewards has _____.
a.
high level of self-awareness
b.
authoritative characteristics
c.
high self-efficacy
d.
external locus of control
e.
low self-esteem
p. 268
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24. A satisfied employee tends to be:
a.
disrupted from work.
b.
less productive.
c.
looking for other jobs.
d.
more stressed.
e.
absent less often.
p. 270
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-3 – LO: 9-3
United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
United States – AK – DISC: Individual Dynamics
p. 268
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-2 – LO: 9-2
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Personality and Individual Behavior
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25. Chandra has been a bank manager at the same bank for 35 years. She is vital to the bank and has a high level of
autonomy and variety in her work. Her organizational commitment is likely to be high due to her _____.
a.
years with the organization
b.
dissatisfaction with her work
c.
negative affectivity
d.
low organizational citizenship
e.
cognitive dissonance
p. 271
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26. Steve Perez, a senior manager at Lanset Inc., is satisfied to contribute to his organization in spite of receiving a lower
salary than what other organizations might offer him. Steve’s attitude reflects his _____.
a.
organizational commitment
b.
authoritarian behavior
c.
negative affectivity
d.
selective perceptions
e.
locus of control
Steve’s attachment to the organization portrays his organizational commitment.
p. 271
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Attitudes and Individual Behavior
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27. Individuals become aware of and interpret information about their environment through a set of processes called
_____.
a.
general adaptation syndrome
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b.
perception
c.
objective reality
d.
stereotyping
e.
burnout
28. Some smokers block out negative information about the health effects of smoking because they do not want to change
their behavior. This is an example of _____.
a.
selective perception
b.
attribution
c.
objective reality
d.
stereotyping
e.
negative affectivity
Challenging
p. 272
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29. Fred has seen some movies depicting wars that took place in Iraq—all directed by women—which were so inaccurate
that he refuses to see another war movie. Fred assumes that women are incapable of creating war movies. Fred’s
assumptions are an example of _____.
a.
stereotyping
b.
conscientiousness
c.
extraversion
d.
introversion
e.
authoritarianism
a
Fred forms the stereotype that women cannot direct war movies based on the few movies he
Easy
p. 272
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30. Nadine, a manager, observes that every time one of her subordinates, Peter, calls in sick, it is the day after she has
made a decision Peter did not agree with. She attributes his absences to stress or resentment on his part. Nadine makes this
attribution based on _____.
a.
consensus
b.
consistency
c.
distinctiveness
d.
turnover
e.
absenteeism
different times, referred to as consistency.
Challenging
p. 273
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31. The extent to which other people in the same situation behave in the same way is known as _____.
a.
consistency
b.
consensus
c.
distinctiveness
d.
stress
e.
cognitive dissonance
Consensus is the extent to which other people in the same situation behave the same way.
p. 273
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-4 – LO: 9-4
United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
Challenging
p. 272
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-4 – LO: 9-4
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Perception and Individual Behavior
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32. Travis observes that one of his employees always refuses to look him in the eye. He wonders if the employee lacks
respect for him. Later, Travis sees that other employees also fail to look him in the eye. Travis decides that the employees
are not disrespectful of him, but rather that he must be intimidating them. Travis makes this attribution based on _____.
a.
consensus
b.
consistency
c.
distinctiveness
d.
stereotyping
e.
selective perception
a
Challenging
p. 273
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33. Jill observes that relationships are very important to Christine and that she will go out of her way to help others.
Christine is late for a meeting with Jill, and Jill thinks the delay is due to Christine’s generous spirit. Jill’s judgement of the
cause for Christine’s delay is an example of _____.
a.
attribution
b.
stereotyping
c.
selective perception
d.
positive affectivity
e.
cognitive dissonance
a
Challenging
p. 273
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Perception and Individual Behavior
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34. Compared to Type A individuals, Type B individuals are:
a.
more likely to be aggressive and impatient.
b.
more devoted to work.
c.
less likely to experience conflict with other people.
d.
less likely to have a balanced approach to life.
e.
less successful.
35. Claudia is trying to develop a communications plan for a new plant opening. She puts in many hours of overtime and
eventually gives up and goes home without finishing the project. She is most likely in the _____ stage of the General
Adaptation Syndrome (GAS).
a.
resistance
b.
alarm
c.
exhaustion
d.
preparation
e.
verification
c
Challenging
p. 274
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Stres and Individual Behavior
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36. Yakov is a Type A person. He is least likely to be _____.
a.
stressed
b.
work oriented
c.
aggressive
d.
competitive
e.
patient
e
have a balanced, relaxed approach to life.
Moderate
p. 274
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Stress and Individual Behavior
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37. Herman believes he needs balance between work and his personal life. He does not work on weekends but works at a
constant pace irrespective of business deadlines. He exhibits a:
a.
Type A personality.
b.
feeling of exhaustion.
c.
dogmatic characteristic.
d.
Type B personality.
e.
cognitive dissonance.
p. 274
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Stress and Individual Behavior
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38. The temperature at Nettix Inc. is too cold for Royce to concentrate on his work. This is an example of work-related
stressors categorized as _____.
a.
task demands
b.
physical demands
c.
role demands
d.
interpersonal demands
e.
client demands
p. 275
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-5 – LO: 9-5
p. 274
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-5 – LO: 9-5
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Stress and Individual Behavior
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39. During surgery, surgeons make quick decisions knowing the consequences of a wrong one. They are most likely to
feel stress due to _____.
a.
task demands
b.
physical demands
c.
role demands
d.
interpersonal demands
e.
creative demands
a
Moderate
p. 275
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United States – AK – DISC: Individual Dynamics
Stress and Individual Behavior
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40. The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) represents the normal process by which an individual reacts to _____.
a.
stressfull events
b.
organizational inducements
c.
role demands
d.
attributions
e.
positive contributions
a
The GAS represents the normal process by which individuals react to stressful events.
Easy
p. 274
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Stress and Individual Behavior
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41. Which of the following is a typical cause of task-demand stress?
a.
Having to work shifts that disrupt normal sleep patterns
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b.
Having to work in an isolated cubicle
c.
Having to balance work and family
d.
Having to work in a dangerous environment
e.
Having to make fast decisions with incomplete information
42. Consequences of organizational stress include _____.
a.
increased devotion to work
b.
strong sense of time urgency
c.
high levels of competitiveness
d.
higher-quality work outputs
e.
feelings of exhaustion
e
Moderate
p. 276
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Stress and Individual Behavior
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43. Identify the personality trait that a creative individual would most likely posses.
a.
Low agreeableness
b.
High Machiavellianism
c.
Negative affectivity
d.
Intraversion
e.
Openness
e
Challenging
p. 275
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44. Avida Sports developed a sensor system that swimmers wear in the water and get computerized analysis of their
stroke. Avida signed an agreement with a swim club to test the product before increasing production. Avida is in the
_____ stage of the creative process.
a.
insight
b.
incubation
c.
preparation
d.
verification
e.
cognitive dissonance
leads to the results expected.
Challenging
p. 281
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45. _____ thinking is a skill that allows people to see similarities between situations or events.
a.
Differentiated
b.
Divergent
c.
Cognitive
d.
Creative
e.
Convergent
e
Easy
p. 280
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-6 – LO: 9-6
United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
United States – AK – DISC: Individual Dynamics
Moderate
p. 280
MGMT.GRIF.16. 9-6 – LO: 9-6
United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
United States – AK – DISC: Individual Dynamics
Creativity in Organizations
Bloom’s: Comprehension
Digital Story; Connect
46. Creativity within organizations can be enhanced by:
a.
encouraging employees to have less risk propensity.
b.
making it part of the organization’s culture.
c.
training individuals to have an external locus of control.
d.
employing only those individuals from environments that nurture creativity.
e.
setting ambiguous goals and objectives.
Moderate
p. 281
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Creativity in Organizations
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47. Periodic Inc. provides formal training to newly recruited Business Developers to guide them in designing new
business initiatives. The new recruits are in the _____ stage of the creative process.
a.
preparation
b.
incubation
c.
insight
d.
verification
e.
administration
a
Challenging
p. 280
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Cretivity in Organizations
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48. Eleanor, a scientist at Medivac Inc., develops a prototype for a new vaccine to determine whether the vaccine works as
designed. Eleanor is in the _____ stage of the creative process.
a.
preparation
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