63) Intellectual property is ________.
A) imaginary property
B) property that has more than one owner
C) property that has belonged to the same owner or family for more than 100 years
D) property that consists of an idea or process
64) How does Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi suggest that you can improve your creativity?
A) Ignore any event that surprises you.
B) Try not to be surprised by anyone.
C) Try to surprise at least one person.
D) Try not to surprise more than one person.
65) You have been hired by the local high school to help increase the creativity of students. A
sophomore tells you he doesn’t need help because he is already highly creative. He says school is
a waste of time because “you don’t need knowledge to be creative.” What would you tell him?
A) He is right — knowledge has no impact on creativity.
B) He is partly right — factual knowledge has no impact on creativity.
C) He is wrong — the main benefit of knowledge is that it gives you the confidence to be
creative.
D) He is wrong — the main benefit of knowledge is that it gives you ideas and facts to use in a
creative way.
66) Tessa is a high school senior. She is overwhelmed with tests and applications. Tessa claims
that she was creative in elementary school, but the older she gets the less creative she feels. What
should you tell her?
A) She is correct — people reach their peak of creativity at around age ten when the prefrontal
cortex is still immature.
B) She is correct — people reach their peak of creativity at around age ten when the prefrontal
cortex matures.
C) She is incorrect — people don’t achieve full creative capacity until they are in their 20s when
the prefrontal cortex matures.
D) She is incorrect — people don’t achieve full creative capacity until they are in their 40s when
the prefrontal cortex matures.
67) Your niece, Shelly, tells you that creativity is fine for artists and writers, but she plans to be a
doctor or nurse and they don’t need to be creative. What should you tell her?
A) She is correct — there is no place for creativity in medicine either as a doctor or a nurse.
B) She is partly correct — doctors can be creative in the way they diagnose an illness, but nurses
have no need to be creative.
C) She is partly correct — nurses can be creative in the way they deal with a person on a
personal basis, but doctors must be rigorous and stick precisely to the rules and protocols of
medicine.
D) She is incorrect — there are many ways in which doctors and nurses can use creative thinking
on the job.
68) The American writer, F. Scott Fitzgerald, said that a truly great creative mind is capable of
holding two opposing views of a subject at the same time and is still able to function. Was
Fitzgerald correct?
A) Yes, one of the keys to creativity is to be able to embrace paradoxical ideas.
B) Yes, being contrary and argumentative is the hallmark of a creative person.
C) No, paradoxical ideas inhibit creativity.
D) No, paradoxical ideas have no connection to creativity.
69) Josh has written six novels. None have been published and he’s become bitter. Over drinks at
a bar, Josh tells you that many great writers were alcoholics and depressives — so he sees no
need to adopt a positive outlook on life. What’s your advice for him?
A) He’s right. High self-esteem and a positive outlook on life do not correlate with creativity.
B) He’s wrong. Though some writers may have been depressives, high self-esteem and a positive
outlook on life correlate strongly with creativity.
C) He’s right. High self-esteem and a positive outlook on life actually destroy any creativity you
might have and prevent you from learning to be creative.
D) He’s wrong. High self-esteem and a positive outlook are the only traits that improve
creativity.
70) Your friend Carmen’s creativity seminar leader seems to reward her only when she
challenges common assumptions and conventional wisdom. Yet Carmen worries that challenging
assumptions is rude. What should you tell her?
A) She’s right. Challenging assumptions is rude and it serves no useful purpose.
B) She should spend her creative energy thinking of ways to be creative without challenging
assumptions.
C) Don’t worry about being rude. Keep on challenging assumptions; it is a key to creativity.
D) Challenging assumptions gives a person a negative outlook and destroys self-esteem. She
should try not to challenge assumptions.
71) Which of the following does NOT fit the framework of cognitive flexibility?
A) abstract concepts
B) paradoxes
C) certainty
D) possibility
72) Which of the following is NOT a creative benefit of encouraging an open debate about an
organizational challenge?
A) It enhances the passive nature of brainstorming.
B) It firms up cognitive barriers.
C) It allows assumptions to be challenged.
D) It sparks generation of ideas.
73) Which of the following does NOT support a creative organizational culture?
A) risk-taking
B) workforce diversity
C) top-down management
D) challenging debate
74) What organizational dynamic can stifle innovation?
A) risk-taking
B) debate
C) skunk works
D) bureaucracy
75) Which statement best expresses Csikszentmihalyi’s view of ideas?
A) The best ideas are unlikely ideas.
B) The worst ideas are unlikely ideas.
C) The best ideas are likely ideas.
D) The best ideas are your first ideas.
76) Which statement summarizes Csikszentmihalyi’s view of complexity?
A) Find a way to express what complexity means to you.
B) Simple is better than complex.
C) To keep enjoying something, increase its complexity.
D) Complexity has no virtue.
77) Which key advantages does mind mapping have over taking notes?
A) Mind mapping is nonlinear, but still chronological.
B) Mind mapping is linear, but is not chronological.
C) Mind mapping is neither linear nor chronological.
D) Mind mapping is nonvisual and unbiased.
78) A colleague suggests that creativity can be improved by adopting a zero-tolerance for
mistakes in creative projects and endeavors. Will this suggestion work?
A) It won’t work — mistakes have nothing to do with the creative process so it will have no
effect on creativity.
B) It will work — research shows that eliminating mistakes increases creativity.
C) It will work — research shows that a high-pressure environment increases creativity.
D) It won’t work — mistakes are part of the creative process and should be tolerated.
79) A good friend is having relationship problems. When you coach and counsel her, which of
the following are you using?
A) You are intentionally trying to help, so your processing mode is deliberate. You are using
emotional insight, so your knowledge domain is emotional.
B) Your help is intentional but unplanned, so your processing mode is spontaneous. You are
using emotional insight, so your knowledge domain is emotional.
C) You are intentionally trying to help, so your processing mode is deliberate. You are using
logic to enhance your emotional insight, so your knowledge domain is cognitive.
D) Your help is intentional but unplanned, so your processing mode is spontaneous. You are
using logic to enhance your emotional insight, so your knowledge domain is cognitive.
80) To promote creativity within an organization, managers should try to obtain a ________.
A) homogeneous workforce in which conflict is low
B) young, highly-skilled workforce that is diverse with respect to ethnicity and gender
C) highly-skilled workforce that is diverse with respect to ethnicity, age, and gender
D) workforce that is diverse in all ways including age, skill level, gender, and ethnicity
81) How can companies like Seventh Generation claim that their “green” products have a lower
“real cost” than conventional products?
A) The price of a Seventh Generation product, after special discounts are applied, is usually
lower than that of a conventional product.
B) The “real cost” of a product includes not only its production costs, but also its distribution and
transportation costs. When these factors are figured into the total, green products turn out to be
less expensive.
C) A product’s “real cost” includes not only production costs, but also the cost of its total impact
on the environment, including disposal or recycling. When these costs are included, green
products are less expensive.
D) The “real cost” of a product includes not only its production costs, but also its advertising and
marketing costs. When these factors are figured into the total, green products turn out to be less
expensive.
82) Which statement is TRUE?
A) Creativity involves divergent thinking only.
B) Creativity involves convergent thinking only.
C) Creativity involves some convergent thinking.
D) Creativity involves no convergent thinking.
83) Your entrepreneurial venture is a success after three years. However, you do not own even 1
percent of the company you created. How did you most likely finance the company?
A) with money borrowed from friends and relatives
B) with money borrowed from a bank
C) with money borrowed from an angel investor
D) with a venture capitalist firm
84) Which definition of entrepreneur is most accurate?
A) An entrepreneur is someone who starts a new business.
B) An entrepreneur is someone who puts social benefit first.
C) An entrepreneur is someone who challenges assumptions.
D) An entrepreneur is someone who incubates ideas.
85) Which of the following is an example of intellectual property that would be NOT be
protected in the year 2050?
A) a logo you designed for your company
B) a book you wrote about baseball
C) a self-sharpening kitchen knife system you invented
D) a song you wrote for a TV soup commercial
86) Which statement is TRUE about hypercompetitive industry?
A) The chewing gum industry is hypercompetitive because innovations are frequent.
B) The video game industry is hypercompetitive because new games are introduced frequently.
C) The cell phone industry is not hypercompetitive because all cell phones basically do the same
thing.
D) The pizza industry is hypercompetitive because there are two main competitors.
87) An intrapreneur should do all of the following to advance ideas within an organization
EXCEPT ________.
A) create an action plan
B) scan the organizational environment
C) keep it personal and private
D) demonstrate implementation strategies
88) Your small business turned a profit for three months in a row for the first time. Which stage
in the life cycle of a start-up are you in?
A) You are still in the start-up stage because you are not fully established as a business.
B) The mark of a mature venture is profit, so you are just entering the mature stage.
C) Showing a sustained profit is a sign that you have entered the growth stage.
D) You are in the renewal stage because your profits have been renewed month after month.
89) What is the myth that involves divergent thinking and creativity? Explain your view of the
controversy.
90) A state agency is considering putting the “real cost” of items on products such as diapers and
laundry soap by using the approach of Seventh Generation products. Explain how this might be
implemented.
91) You have been invited to a panel discussion on Peter Drucker’s statement declaring that
“knowledge is the only meaningful resource.” What is your view of this statement? Give an
example to support your view.
92) You have some ideas for creating new casual furniture that you think will be popular. Should
you develop the pieces as an intrepreneur within the furniture company you currently work for or
strike out on your own as an entrepreneur? Explain the strengths and weaknesses of each
approach.
93) You have a new job as vice-president of development at a camera company. Do you work in
a hypercompetitive industry? What will you do to ensure the company’s success?
94) Your best friend is considering creating a start-up. Does he or she have what it takes? Profile
a real or imaginary friend with respect to how well-suited he or she is to becoming a successful
entrepreneur.
95) Explain the importance of a break-even point for a small business.
96) More young people who are interested in business are exploring social enterprise. What type
of social enterprise would you create? What need would it address and what benefit would it
provide?