1. Integrity is the quality most sought after in leaders.
a.
True
b.
False
2. Individual managers, through ethical leadership, can have a direct effect on business ethics at the societal and global
levels.
a.
True
b.
False
3. Personal and managerial ethics entails making decisions.
a.
True
b.
False
4. Principles approach does not consider more solid foundations for ethical decision making.
a.
True
b.
False
5. The categorical imperative is closely associated with the principle of utilitarianism.
a.
True
b.
False
6. The ethical principle of rights is categorized as a teleological theory.
a.
True
b.
False
7. The ethical principle of justice is a deontological theory.
a.
True
b.
False
8. The basis of the principle of justice is the concept of fairness.
a.
True
b.
False
9. Utilitarianism can be summarized by the saying “the greatest good for the greatest number.”
a.
True
b.
False
10. The principle of caring is derived from utilitarianism.
a.
True
b.
False
11. For managers, the most powerful and useful ethical principle is the Golden Rule.
a.
True
b.
False
12. The ethical tests approach is considered a more pragmatic approach than the principles approach to ethics.
a.
True
b.
False
13. Virtue theory is the best example of a deontological theory.
a.
True
b.
False
14. According to research done by Phillip V. Lewis, there is almost a step-by-step process to make a moral decision.
a.
True
b.
False
15. Society’s moral climate has an indirect impact on organizational ethics.
a.
True
b.
False
16. The lower one’s position in the company, the more pressure one feels to compromise ethical principles.
a.
True
b.
False
17. Leadership is the primary factor in improving an organization’s ethical climate.
a.
True
b.
False
18. Managers must establish decision making processes that yield appropriate ethical decisions.
a.
True
b.
False
19. Failure to discipline someone who violates the organization’s ethics standards implies approval of the person’s
behavior.
a.
True
b.
False
20. Ethics audits are designed to uncover acts that violate the firm’s code of conduct.
a.
True
b.
False
21. According to research done by David Callahan, all of the following are reasons why cheating is on the rise except
a.
higher levels of inequality.
b.
declining wages.
c.
cheating goes unpunished.
d.
wealth, status, and personal gratification are glorified.
22. Which of the following is not a level at which ethics may be addressed?
a.
personal
b.
industry
c.
global
d.
small group
23. The personal level of ethical challenges include situations we face in our personal lives
a.
at work.
b.
and in our families.
c.
outside of the work context.
d.
and spiritual lives.
24. Ethical issues at the organizational level
a.
represent conflicts between two or more companies.
b.
display conflicts between a person’s role as family member and employee.
c.
are generally more difficult to solve than issues at the personal level.
d.
confront people in their roles as managers or employees.
25. Which of the following is not an act of misconduct commonly observed in the workplace?
a.
misreporting time worked
b.
discrimination
c.
stealing, theft, or fraud
d.
industrial espionage
26. Ethical issues at the industry level
a.
are usually handled by industry trade associations.
b.
are typically resolved through the legal system.
c.
can also be related to a specific profession.
d.
can usually be rectified by individual managers.
27. Which of the following is the most basic assumption we make in discussing managerial ethics?
a.
With effort, the “right” answer can be reached.
b.
The object of ethical principles is to minimize harm done to others.
c.
The object of ethical principles is to maximize benefits to others and ourselves.
d.
People want to behave ethically.
28. Decisions about ethical situations often present a(n)
a.
conflict of interest.
b.
financial dilemma.
c.
unresolvable problem.
d.
legal problem.
29. An ethical concept or rule that helps the decision maker take an ethical course is called a(n)
a.
ethical principle.
b.
moral challenge.
c.
moral dilemma.
d.
ethical rubric.
30. Teleological theories focus on
a.
duties.
b.
rights.
c.
consequences.
d.
virtues.
31. Ethical theories that focus on duties are called
a.
teleological.
b.
virtue theories.
c.
principled rights.
d.
deontological.
32. The ethical principle that states, “we should always act so as to produce the greatest ratio of good to evil for everyone”
is
a.
deontology.
b.
virtue ethics.
c.
utilitarianism.
d.
hedonism.
33. Kant’s categorical imperative argues that one’s sense of duty is derived from
a.
divine command.
b.
reason.
c.
emotion.
d.
desire.
34. Which of the following is not a formulation of Kant’s categorical imperative?
a.
Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal
law.
b.
So act to treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of any other, in every case as an end and never
as merely a means.
c.
Every rational being is able to regard oneself as a maker of universal law.
d.
Act only according to that maxim by which you increase the overall happiness of everyone affected by your
action.
35. Kant’s categorical imperative emphasizes all of the following concepts except
a.
respect for persons.
b.
virtues.
c.
universalizability.
d.
duty.
36. Moral rights
a.
depend on a legal system for their validity.
b.
are derived from religious teachings.
c.
are important, justifiable claims.
d.
are earned as people demonstrate their moral responsibilities.
37. The basic idea that underlies the principle of rights is that
a.
they must be earned.
b.
they are granted by the government.
c.
they cannot be overridden by a more basic or important right.
d.
they are universal to all peoples.
38. Which of the following is not a type of justice mentioned in the textbook?
a.
distributive justice
b.
compensatory justice
c.
procedural justice
d.
utilitarian justice
39. The ethics of care may help managers utilize
a.
deontological principles.
b.
the stakeholder perspective.
c.
utilitarianism.
d.
the principle of rights.
40. Unlike other ethical principles, virtue ethics focuses on
a.
what acts should be done.
b.
the consequences of our actions.
c.
human dignity.
d.
the individual becoming virtuous.
41. The key to the Golden Rule is
a.
caring.
b.
duty.
c.
justice.
d.
impartiality.
42. Reasons to use the Golden Rule as an ethical principle include all of the following except
a.
it is accepted by most people.
b.
it is a uniquely Christian principle.
c.
it is easy to understand.
d.
it is a win-win philosophy.
43. The Rawls Principle of Justice indicates that we need a fair method by which we may choose the principles through
which conflicts will be resolved. Which of the following is not a principle of justice underlying his theory?
a.
each person has equal rights to the most extrinsic basic liberties compatible with similar liberties for all others.
b.
social and economic inequalities are arrange so that they are both to be everyone’s advantage and attached to
positions and offices open to all.
c.
each person is to be treated equally.
d.
public policy should raise as high as possible the social and economic well-being of society’s best-off
individuals.
44. The test of one’s best self relies on one’s
a.
self concept.
b.
individual motivation.
c.
self leadership.
d.
self delusion.
45. One of the most powerful ethical tests is the test of
a.
one’s best self.
b.
making something public.
c.
ventilation.
d.
the purified idea.