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344. Whirlpond, a manufacturer of home appliances, has historically produced the components
for their products. However, Whirlpond now contracts with other firms to produce these
components. This strategy of __________ is a current trend among U.S. manufacturers.
345. Heather works as a sales representative for the Westerly Company. She really enjoys
working for Westerly, because the company treats her and other sales representatives as highly
valued employees. Sales reps at Westerly are given freedom and flexibility in their relationships
with customers. While there are only a few layers of management at Westerly, Heather has found
that these managers try their best to support and assist her efforts. Based on Heather's
experience, it appears that Westerly is a(n):
346. The widely shared values within an organization that provide unity and cooperation to
achieve common goals are together known as the:
347. The ____________ of a business firm is the system that details lines of authority,
responsibility, and position, similar to the structure on organization charts.
348. All organizations have two organizational systems:
349. The __________ is the system of relationships that develop spontaneously as employees
meet and form power centers.
350. In open organizations the informal organization can be:
351. The ___________ is the nerve center of the informal organization.
352. The informal organization of a business is probably best suited to:
353. A firm's formal organization would be better suited than its informal organization to:
354. Zach recently got his Ph.D. in analytical chemistry and was fortunate to be asked to join a
lab at a prestigious eastern university. After a month on the job, he remarked to another graduate
student at his former university that the spirit of help and cooperation at the lab was remarkable.
He enjoyed going to work each day and sometimes exchanged calls with other lab partners in the
evening with ideas to improve each other's experiments. Zach remarked, "Now I know why this
lab is considered one of the best in the nation!" Zach is referring to:
355. Realizing that it was time to invest in an updated information system, a young CEO made
the following announcement in his weekly broadcast: "We are going to shake things up around
here. We need to break apart our information system, and start over." Unfortunately, the message
translated poorly in the minds of employees. A total shake-up such as this could impact
employee morale. Progressive companies today incorporate strategies that continuously
embrace:
356. Gary was a politically savvy employee who had worked for his company for several years.
After many promotions, he emerged as the new president of the company. Grace, a colleague of
Gary's who had reported to him when he was a first-line supervisor, understood how the human
side of the organization worked and made certain that she maintained a direct line of
communication with Gary at all times. On the company's organization chart, Grace maintained a
lower-level position; however, due to her open line of communication with President Gary, she
seemed to successfully push her agenda. The human side of the organization is synonymous with
the _______________.
357. Ashley experienced frustration with her new job at Walnut Securities, until she befriended
a secretary from another department. Over lunch in the cafeteria, her new friend shared with
Ashley the way things really work at Walnut Securities. Ashley quickly learned that:
358. Carlos is the person to see in the welding department if you are a new employee. While
he is not a manager, he is the person that most of the others in the department look to for advice
and assistance. Carlos is an important member of the firm's:
359. One of Javier's coworkers was recently promoted to a middle management position at
their company. He seems to have quickly distanced himself from Javier and their other coworker,
Carlos. In fact, yesterday Carlos described the situation by saying, "He's gone to the dark side."
Javier understands what Carlos means because management keeps themselves removed from
other employees, and seldom seriously solicits ideas for improvements or change from those in
the trenches. The disadvantage in continuing this type of organizational culture is:
