Chapter 7: Innovation and Change
TRUE/FALSE
1. Organizational innovation is defined as doing things differently in an organization.
2. The research on technology cycles and technological innovation applies only to high-tech products
developed in the bioengineering, robotics, and computer industries.
3. Organizational decline is typically reversible at any of its five stages.
4. Resistance to change results from organizational factors, such as the absence of promotion guidelines,
bonuses, and praise.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. __________ is the knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs.
a.
Resource manipulation
b.
Procedural innovation
c.
A transformation system
d.
Technology
e.
Creativity
2. A technology __________ begins with the “birth” of a new technology and ends when that technology
reaches its limits and “dies” as it is replaced by a newer, substantially better technology.
a.
process
b.
pattern
c.
cycle
d.
hierarchy
e.
continuum
3. Patterns of innovation over time that can create sustainable competitive advantage are called:
a.
innovation maps
b.
organization development
c.
results-driven change
d.
innovation streams
e.
cyclical inventions
4. The __________ approach to managing innovation assumes that innovation is a predictable process
made up of a series of steps and that compressing the time it takes to complete those steps can speed
up innovation.
a.
compression
b.
milestones
c.
dialectical
d.
generational
e.
prototypical
5. Which of the following is one of the three steps in the basic process of managing organizational
change outlined by Kurt Lewin?
a.
unfreezing
b.
organizational dialogue
c.
change definition
d.
incremental change
e.
change mentoring
6. According to John Kotter’s analysis of the errors managers make when leading change, the first and
potentially most serious of these errors is:
a.
not establishing a great enough sense of urgency
b.
declaring victory too soon
c.
not anchoring changes in the corporation‘s culture
d.
not removing obstacles to the new vision
e.
a poorly designed organizational mission
7. The General Electric workout is a special kind of:
a.
activity-oriented change
b.
results-driven change
c.
generational change
d.
vision-driven change
e.
resources-driven change
8. Which of the following approaches is aimed at changing large systems, small groups, or individuals?
a.
General Electric workout
b.
the functional approach to change
c.
organizational development
d.
results-driven change
e.
Lewin’s change synthesis