115. Research on leadership supports the idea that the best leadership style depends on
several factors, including the people being led and the situation.
116. The autocratic style of leadership can be very effective in emergency situations.
117. The traits used by autocratic leaders include warmth, friendliness, and understanding.
118. The traits that characterize participative leaders include flexibility, good listening skills,
and empathy.
119. Autocratic leadership is most effective with workers who like to work independently and
make their own decisions.
120. Research has shown that employee participation in decision making improves job
satisfaction.
121. Free-rein leaders tend to carefully monitor their subordinates to make sure they are doing
the job in the correct way.
122. Managers are most effective when they consistently use the same leadership style with
every employee assigned to their work group.
123. In traditional organizations, directing includes both giving assignments to workers and
providing feedback on their performance.
124. Empowerment means that more authority and responsibility is given to top management.
125. Enabling is the term used to describe the process by which employees recognize and
respect the authority of managers to issue orders.
126. Knowledge management involves finding the right information, keeping the information
accessible, and making the information known to everyone in the firm.
127. The focus of knowledge management is to make sure top managers have all of the
information they need to run the company.
128. The first step to developing a knowledge management system is to develop the technology
to keep information secure.
129. The amount of data gathered has grown so much that the term big data is used to
describe the vast amount of information available.
130. A comparison of leadership and management suggests that leadership is about creating a
vision, while management is about carrying out that vision.
131. The
Adapting to Change
box showed us that what people think of a company is
influenced by their responses on social media.
132. Heather has a strong desire to maintain and preserve order and stability. She is very good
at developing tactical plans to achieve her company’s goals and objectives. These characteristics
suggest that Heather has characteristics of an exceptional leader.
133. Brett heads a department in a major manufacturing corporation. He strives to maintain a
free-rein approach to leadership in most situations. Recently, Brett’s company lost a major
contract that it needs to continue the current level of operation. The company needs to take
quick action to adjust, including slashing expenses. Under these conditions, Brett should
maintain his free-rein style of leadership.
134. Lamont is quick and decisive. He makes most decisions by himself, issues orders, and
expects his subordinates to follow them without question. Lamont’s behavior is an example of the
free-rein style of leadership.
135. A recent customer survey has convinced top managers at Akwip Corporation that their
firm is doing a poor job of responding quickly to the needs of customers. The managers are very
concerned about this problem. Empowerment might be an approach that would help Akwip
improve its responsiveness.
136. Juanita is a project manager for a group of experienced and creative programmers at Idle
Time Gaming, a publisher of popular computer games. Since the programmers are bright,
creative, and highly motivated, Juanita brainstorms basic ideas with her group, then allows the
programmers a great deal of freedom to do what it takes to reach the agreed–upon objectives.
Juanita is using a free-rein leadership style.
137. Bryce has worked for Carolina Hotel for 10 years. Greg is a new employee at the hotel.
Rachel, who oversees both of these employees, may find that she should use a different
leadership style with Greg than with Bryce.
138. Joseph, a department chair at a major university, always gives department faculty
members a chance to express their opinions and encourages them to participate in decision
making. Employees who work with Joseph are likely to have a high level of job satisfaction.
139. Zoe is a middle manager at Watta-Deihl Incorporated. The company’s top management
has just announced that they are going to initiate a policy of empowerment. In order for this
policy to succeed, Zoe and other managers will need to adopt a more autocratic style of
leadership.
140. The steps of the controlling function include assigning tasks and establishing procedures
to accomplish organizational goals.
141. Controlling provides managers and workers with feedback that helps them adjust to
deviations from plans.
142. If managers do a good job planning and organizing, there shouldn’t be a need for them to
be involved with controlling.
143. Two of the key components of the control process are setting clear performance standards
and communicating results and deviations to the employees involved.
144. The first step in the controlling process is to monitor and record the actual results.
145. Without clear standards, the control process is impossible to implement.
146. In the control process, performance standards should be stated in general terms in order
to give management as much flexibility as possible.
147. In order to be effective, performance standards must be specific, attainable, and
measurable.
148. Accounting and finance are important for control systems because they provide the
numbers management needs to evaluate progress.
149. External customers are those individuals or units that receive services from other units
within the same organization.
150. A customer-oriented firm should focus exclusively on satisfying its internal customers.
151. When all is said and done, financial standards such as profit and return on investment are
the only relevant measures of how well a firm is meeting its goals.
152. When setting standards used in controlling, it is better to simply state general goals such
as “better quality” or “higher levels of consumer satisfaction” than it is to spend a lot of time and
effort developing more specific standards.
153. Chase is a manager for World Graphic Design, Inc., a firm that designs and manufactures
greeting cards, invitations, announcements, and other event material. Chase spends a lot of time
trying to find the right people for various positions at his company. These efforts are part of the
controlling function of management.
154. Rebecca is concerned about the number of customers complaining about the poor service
provided by the department she manages for a hardware store. She is convinced that her
employees can provide better service and cut complaints significantly. Rebecca has set a goal for
her department to reduce customer complaints by 15% within six months. This goal is an example
of the type of performance standard needed for effective controlling.
155. Pro Fit, Inc., a maker of men’s sportswear, has just reported a record profit. This proves
that the firm is successfully achieving its goals.
156. Management is more progressive today. There is more emphasis on:
157. One of the challenges facing today’s managers is to:
158. Today’s progressive managers:
159. The revolution in management that is currently under way suggests that the most
effective managers of the future will:
160. How are managers today different from managers in the past?
161. Which of the following statements has resulted in changes in the role of management?
162. __________ is the art of utilizing organizational resources to accomplish goals at work.
163. One of the four primary functions of management is:
164. The management function concerned with anticipating future trends and determining the
best strategies to achieve an organization’s goals and objectives is known as: