a.
Freezing
b.
Unfreezing
c.
Refreezing
d.
Moving
56. The step in Lewin’s change model that includes the change process in which employees learn
new, desirable behaviors, skills, values, and attitudes is __________.
a.
freezing
b.
unfreezing
c.
refreezing
d.
moving
57. Forcefield analysis is ____________.
a.
an organizational development intervention technique that brings together
participants from all parts of the organization to problem solve or take advantage of
opportunities
b.
an organizational development intervention that diagrams the current level of
performance, the forces hindering change, and the forces driving toward change
c.
an organizational development intervention that uses a questionnaire to gather data
to use as the basis for change
d.
an organizational development intervention in which the change agent makes a
direct recommendation for change
58. Survey feedback is ___________.
a.
an organizational development intervention technique that brings together
participants from all parts of the organization to problem solve or take advantage of
opportunities
b.
an organizational development intervention that diagrams the current level of
performance, the forces hindering change, and the forces driving toward change
c.
an organizational development intervention that uses a questionnaire to gather data
to use as the basis for change
d.
an organizational development intervention in which the change agent makes a
direct recommendation for change
59. ___________ is the most widely used organizational development intervention technique
today.
a.
Sensitivity training
b.
Process consultation
c.
Forcefield analysis
d.
Team building
60. Jen is a member of a team within her company that needs to solve the problem of why their
customer base is decreasing. The team is small, with only seven members, including her. After
Jen’s boss gives the team their assignment, they begin to determine why their customer base is
shrinking. They decide to make a diagram. Jen’s group is using which organizational
development intervention?
a.
Process consultation
b.
Survey feedback
c.
Forcefield analysis
d.
Work design
61. Marla works for Direct Consulting, a consulting firm that specializes in direct feedback. She has
been hired by “Find Your Car” to find out why their customer base is shrinking. In order to
utilize direct feedback organizational development intervention, Marla __________.
a.
suggests a change for “Find Your Car” to make
b.
brings in members from all areas of “Find Your Car” to help her problem solve
c.
issues questionnaires to all customers in “Find Your Car’s” database
d.
creates a forcefield analysis for “Find Your Car”
62. Which of the following forms of organizational development intervention is the oldest and most
popular technique at the department, division, and organizational levels?
a.
Team building
b.
Survey feedback
c.
Forcefield analysis
d.
Process consultation
63. Which of the following forms of organizational development intervention is focused only on the
individual?
a.
Work design
b.
Direct feedback
c.
Survey feedback
d.
Training and development
64. ___________ fuel the economy, since they create as much as 80% of new jobs.
a.
Large businesses
b.
Small businesses
c.
Corporations
d.
Franchises
65. Large businesses that innovate and change have an _____________.
a.
entrepreneurial frame
b.
entrepreneurial orientation
c.
intrapreneurial frame
d.
intrapreneurial orientation
66. What is the first step to take after selecting a new business venture?
a.
Begin purchasing inventory.
b.
Look at real estate properties to locate the office.
c.
Hire employees to divide the workload.
d.
Write a business plan.
67. Josh works for H4, a company that encourages employees to create new products. Josh was just
assigned to a project where he will create a product their company currently does not sell. If his
project gets picked, he will become the manager of the product’s line. If Josh gets the product,
he will be a(n) __________.
a.
franchisee
b.
entrepreneur
c.
change agent
d.
intrapreneur
68. Intrapreneurs are also called __________.
a.
corporate entrepreneurs
b.
semi-independent innovators
c.
venture initiators
d.
innovation agents
69. A(n) __________ is a business that is independently owned and operated, with a small number
of employees and a relatively low volume of sales.
a.
entrepreneurial venture
b.
independent operation
c.
franchise
d.
small business
70. According to the Department of Labor, a small business employs fewer than __________
workers.
a.
25
b.
50
c.
75
d.
100
71. According to the Department of Labor, a small to medium-size enterprise is one that employs
fewer than __________ workers.
a.
250
b.
500
c.
750
d.
1,000
72. Both the Small Business Administration and the Department of Labor define a business as large
if it has __________ or more employees.
a.
250
b.
500
c.
750
d.
1,000
73. __________ advantage exists when an entrepreneur is able to offer a product or service with
unique customer value before competitors do so.
a.
First to market
b.
First-mover
c.
Market-leader
d.
Innovator
74. One of the factors that contributes to a higher degree of entrepreneurship in emerging
economies is __________.
a.
lack of education
b.
lack of job opportunities
c.
lack of capital
d.
lack of competition
75. __________ entrepreneurs start new businesses with the goal of changing the world while
making a profit.
a.
Activist
b.
Ethical
c.
Social
d.
Compassionate
TRUE/FALSE
76. Forces for change include the environment, technology cycles, and next generation.
77. New machines and equipment, information processing, and automation are examples of
changes based on technology.
78. There are four types of change.
79. When tasks change, people’s compensation and job titles must change.
80. Incremental change occurs when there is a significant breakthrough in technology that leads to
design competition and a new technology cycle.
81. When faced with change, people always go through the four stages of the change process in a
linear fashion.
82. The facts about an impending change are often circulated through the grapevine.
83. The three major sources of resistance to change are beliefs, values, and work environment.
84. We are more commonly concerned about the interests of the organization than about our best
interests when it comes to change.
85. The comprehensive change model is an organizational development intervention.
86. Lewin’s change model presents a change-stability paradox, going from refreezing to
unfreezing.
87. In the comprehensive model, controlling the change involves following up to ensure that the
change is implemented and maintained.
88. The comprehensive change model is a five-step process that is more detailed than Lewin’s
change model.
89. Franchisees are not considered by some to be real entrepreneurs or intrapreneurs.
90. A new venture is a new business or a new line of business.
91. Approximately half of new businesses survive less than five years.
92. When surveyed, most entrepreneurs reported that they started businesses that offered products
or services that already existed and that were on par with existing offerings.
93. In terms of innovation, the United States ranks in the top 5 countries.
94. More males start businesses than females.
95. The survival rate for businesses founded by Asians in the United States is significantly higher
than that of other groups.
ESSAY
96. How do the four management functions relate to change?
97. What are the two forms of change and how do they differ from each other? Give an example of
each.
98. List and describe the common characteristics of innovative cultures.
99. Due to unfortunate economic conditions, you find out that your position is being eliminated.
Please discuss the four stages of the change process in relation to your current situation.
100. List and describe the five reasons employees resist change.
101. List and describe four ways to overcome resistance to change.
102. List every stage in the comprehensive change model and briefly summarize what each stage
entails.
103. List the stages in Lewin’s change model and briefly summarize what each stage entails.
104. State and describe the difference between forcefield analysis and survey feedback.
105. List and describe the differences in risks entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs have.