35. According to the normative decision model, leaders must choose a style that brings about the correct degree of _____
when making decisions.
a. group participation
b. group motivation
c. goal setting
d. job satisfaction
36. The situational factors in the normative decision model are known as:
a. commitment requirements.
b. decision-making styles.
c. characteristics of the leader.
d. problem variables.
37. Which one of the following is the most recommended approach to leadership during a crisis?
a. Lead with compassion.
b. Focus on small-scale details over the big picture.
c. Move group members away from their usual work routine.
d. Choose a circle-the-wagons mentality.
38. According to the normative decision model, group support refers to:
a. the likelihood that the team might commit to a company-wide decision.
b. team members’ knowledge or expertise in relation to the problem.
c. the degree to which the team supports the organization’s objectives at stake in the problem.
d. the ability of team members to work together in solving problems.
39. Which one of the following is a recommended approach to leadership during a crisis?
a. Micromanage small details
b. Lead with compassion
c. Be a transactional leader
d. Be indecisive
40. The primary purpose of disaster planning is to:
a. reduce the financial costs of a crisis.
b. practice transformational leadership skills.
c. minimize leadership’s liability for a crisis.
d. prevent a crisis.
41. A key part of evidence-based leadership or management is to:
a. keep a log of the mistakes of subordinates.
b. justify asking for an increased budget.
c. prove that your decision was the right one.
d. translate principles into practice.
42. Plant manager Kristina practices evidence-based leadership when she:
a. uses leadership practices proven to be effective.
b. carefully documents poor performance.
c. asks group members to justify their claims.
d. maintains a log of her interactions with group members.
43. Adapting to changing times is most important for which approach to leadership?
a. Leadership grid
b. Charismatic
c. Trait approach
d. Contingency approach
44. Ayan, the newly appointed team manager of the sales team, practices autocratic leadership in his team. However, his
team members who are quite experienced and equipped in their fields are not satisfied with the style of leadership
practiced by Ayan, particularly that he doesn’t seek consensus in many of his decisions, which negatively affects team
productivity. This scenario depicts the violation of _____.
a. a contingency approach to leadership
b. a strict authoritarian approach to leadership
c. a liberal authoritarian approach to leadership
d. a middle of the road approach to leadership
45. Alan used to follow a libertarian leadership style. He recently decided to become stricter toward productivity targets as
a result of fluctuations in the market, even though this leadership style goes against his natural inclinations. He does this
in order to make his team more task-oriented. This is an example of _____.
a. leaders using debasement techniques
b. situations shaping how leaders behave
c. leaders using techniques of ingratiation
d. dividing the group into in-group and out-group
46. George and Jonathan are the production and marketing managers of a firm. While George is optimistic to work out the
issues of his least preferred coworker, Jonathan is adamant that the least preferred coworker in his team has to be
replaced. In this case, which of the following statements is true?
a. Both George and Jonathan are task motivated leaders.
b. George is relationship motivated , while Jonathan is task motivated.
c. Jonathan is relationship motivated, while George is task motivated.
d. Both George and Jonathan are relationship motivated.
47. Alfred intends to follow a directive style of leadership among his team members. In the context of the path-goal theory
of leadership effectiveness, which of the following situations would have made Alfred stick to a directive leadership
style?
a. The team is given orders to improve its performance; however, the exact sales revenue that the team should bring
in is unclear.
b. A few group members have gone through an emotionally disturbing phase and they need emotional support from
the leader.
c. Each group member has a thorough knowledge of their individual contributions to the team, making the task of
the leader easier.
d. The team has been performing exceptionally well, and therefore further focus will be on building relationships
with members of the team.
48. Annette’s team has been able to meet the production target of 20,000 units per year. In the next financial year, Annette
sets a target of 25,000 units for the team. Accordingly, the team’s individual targets are set to increase. In the context of
the path-goal theory of leadership effectiveness, Annette is following the _____ of leadership.
a. directive and controlling style
b. supportive style
c. participative style
d. achievement oriented style
49. In times of crisis, Stacy, an effective leader, addresses the inevitable drop in performance and productivity by:
a. having employees look only at the big picture and not smaller chunks of the problem.
b. quickly reworking the core values on which the company operates.
c. pushing her employees to return to their normal work and routines.
d. expressing a defensive, circle-the-wagons mentality.
50. Who among the following is providing sound crisis leadership?
a. Milan, who expects her employees to adapt to a crisis even without proper planning beforehand
b. Ryan, who remains calm and stable even when the situation seems most dire
c. Aftab, who believes that pessimism is the most realistic reaction to a crisis and will avoid the worst consequences
d. Linda, who spends most of her energy focusing on defending her group against criticism for causing the crisis
51. Who among the following is not practicing evidence-based leadership?
a. Ryan, who relies heavily on common sense and adopting practices used by other companies
b. Brian, who makes a habit of studying leadership practices in companies similar to his own
c. Rahul, who regularly refers to new research in the field of leadership studies
d. Milan, who translates principles based on best evidence into organizational practices
52. Kevin announces that starting next financial year, 25% of his team members’ salaries will depend on their
performance. His team members had no say in this process. In the context of the normative decision model, Kevin
demonstrates _____.
a. facilitating
b. deciding
c. delegating
d. consulting
53. Craig, a sales manager, has been asked to explain the under-performance of his team in the previous financial year.
Instead of understanding and working on resolving the team’s issues, Craig comes up with a number of defensive
statements and denies wrongdoing from his team’s part. This is known as _____ the problem.
a. stonewalling
b. debasing
c. ingratiating
d. reinforcing
54. Which of the following serves as an example of evidence-based leadership?
a. The management decides to refer to best management practices from the past to find a solution to the issue at
hand.
b. The management decides to collect feedback from employees about the existing compensation policy.
c. The management decides to carry out job appraisal of individual employees.
d. The management decides to keep a check on politics in the firm.
55. Which of the following is true of leadership during a crisis?
a. It is important to prevent potential crisis through disaster planning.
b. It is important to think tactically and have short term goals to avoid any crisis.
c. It is important that the work is flexible and nonroutine, to prevent crisis.
d. It is important to be a transactional, and not a transformational leader, to minimize crisis.
56. A consultative or collaborative decision-making style is likely to bring about the best results when:
a. the problem is clearly defined.
b. the leader needs information from team members to solve a problem in hand.
c. team members’ acceptance of the decision is incomplete.
d. there is urgency in decision making.
57. Which of the following is true of a delegating decision making style?
a. The leader works behind the scene to provide resources and encouragement.
b. The leader makes decisions for the group.
c. The leader directly intervenes in group deliberations.
d. The leader sells his decisions.
58. Rohan is asked by his supervisors to study (1) the contingency approach to leadership and (2) the path-goal model, in
the hopes of implementing the essential tactics drawn from both theories. Provide a descriptive database that will help
Rohan make a decision in this regard.
59. Jonathan has to make use of the path-goal theory to adopt a specific style of leadership in his team. He consults
with his superior for help. In this case, give a picture of what Jonathan’s superior might suggest.
60. Vroom, the sales manager of a major advertising firm, has tried implementing the path-goal theory among his
teammates. However, on further analysis, he studies the details of the normative decision model in order to apply its key
concepts as well. What would be the five key decision-making styles from the normative model from which Vroom can
choose a strategy for his team?
