D) Digital Millennium Copyright Act
59. In general, it is very difficult to hold software producers liable for their software products when those
products are considered to be
A) services.
B) part of a machine.
C) artistic expressions.
D) similar to books.
60. ________ are not held liable for the messages they transmit.
A) Regulated common carriers
B) Organizations and businesses
C) Private individuals
D) Elected officials
61. It is not feasible for companies to produce error–free software because
A) errors can be introduced in the maintenance stage of development.
B) any software of any complexity will have errors.
C) any programming code is susceptible to error.
D) it is too expensive to create perfect software.
62. The most common source of business system failure is
A) data quality.
B) software errors.
C) hardware or facilities failures.
D) software bugs.
63. The “do anything anywhere” computing environment can
A) blur the traditional boundaries between work and family time.
B) make work environments much more pleasant.
C) create economies of efficiency.
D) centralize power at corporate headquarters.
64. The practice of spamming has been growing because
A) telephone solicitation is no longer legal.
B) it helps pay for the Internet.
C) it is so inexpensive and can reach so many people.
D) it is good advertising practice and brings in many new customers.
65. Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age does spamming raise?
A) accountability and control
B) information rights and obligations
C) system quality
D) quality of life
66. The Do–Not–Track Act of 2011
A) requires firms to get customer sign–off before tracking them.
B) allows firms to track customers if default given is opt–in.
C) allows firms to track customers if they do not sell the information to third parties.
D) requires firms to notify customers that they are being tracked.
67. Re–designing and automating business processes can be seen as a double–edged sword because
A) increases in efficiency may be accompanied by poor data quality.
B) support for middle–management decision making may be offset by poor data quality.
C) reliance on technology results in the loss of hands–on knowledge.
D) increases in efficiency may be accompanied by job losses.
68. A tiny software object embedded in a Web page and used by tracking programs to monitor online user
behavior is called
A) a super cookie.
B) spyware.
C) a Web beacon.
D) a cookie.
69. Which two of the following issues are privacy advocates and advertising industry most in conflict over?
(Select two of the following.)
A) an opt–out policy required at all sites
B) a national Do–Not–Track list
C) disclosure and transparency in the use of Flash or super cookies
D) an opt–in policy required at all sites
70. ________ can be induced by tens of thousands of repetitions under low–impact loads.
A) CTS
B) Technostress
C) RSI
D) CVS
71. The principles of right and wrong that can be used by individuals acting as free moral agents to make
choices to guide their behavior are called ________.
72. ________ refers to the existence of laws that permit individuals to recover damages done to them by other
actors, systems, or organizations.
73. The ethical principle called ________ asks you to put yourself in the place of others, and think of yourself as
the object of the decision.
74. Descartes’ rule of change, that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all, is also
known as the ________ rule.
75. ________ is permission given with knowledge of all the facts needed to make a rational decision.
76. A wide disparity in the ability of different social groups to access computers and the Internet is referred to as
________.
77. Advertisers use ________ targeting in order to display more relevant ads based on user’s search and
browsing history.
78. The ________ model prohibits an organization from collecting any personal information unless the
individual specifically takes action to approve information collection and use.
79. A(n) ________ grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years.
80. The commission of acts involving the use of a computer that may not be illegal but are considered unethical
is called computer ________.
81. One of the capabilities of Internet communication is the ability of the individual to appear essentially
anonymous by using made–up user names. Is anonymity the same thing as privacy, and should it be a right?
What ethical issues are raised by increased anonymity?
82. List and describe the five moral dimensions that are involved in political, social, and ethical issues. Which do
you think will be the most difficult for society to deal with? Support your opinion.
83. Discuss at least three key technology trends that raise ethical issues. Give an example of an ethical or moral
impact connected to each one.
84. Define the basic concepts of responsibility, accountability, and liability as applied to ethical decisions. How
are these concepts related?
85. What are the steps in conducting an ethical analysis?
86. List and define the six ethical principles discussed in your text.
87. What are the major issues concerning privacy in the information age? Do you believe the need for homeland
security should overrule some of the personal privacy and information rights we have previously taken for
granted? Why or why not?
88. How does a cookie work?
89. What do you consider to be the primary ethical, social, and political issues regarding the quality of a
software product?
90. How does the use of electronic voting machines act as a “double–edged sword?” What moral dimensions are
raised by this use of information technology?
