Chapter 04: Blacks/African Americans
1. Which of the following is true about slavery in the United States?
a.
Africans were first sold in the United States around 1492.
b.
While Whites could be held in indentured servitude, only Blacks were held in chattel slavery.
c.
The enslavement of Africans and Whites continued at the same rates through 1865.
d.
The enslavement of Africans was always confined to certain southern states.
Multiple Choice
04.01 – Discuss the historical background and current status of African Americans.
7/23/2021 3:11 AM
7/23/2021 3:13 AM
2. Differences in Black/White accumulation of wealth are not influenced by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Multiple Choice
04.01 – Discuss the historical background and current status of African Americans.
7/23/2021 3:14 AM
7/23/2021 3:15 AM
3. Which of the following statements about the education and earnings of Blacks/African Americans is true?
a.
Different educational levels between Blacks and Whites do not fully explain the Black/White earnings gap.
b.
Earnings differences between Blacks and Whites are due to the lower educational levels of Blacks.
c.
Returns of investments in education are similar across racial and ethnic groups and gender.
d.
Black women have higher educational levels and earnings than Black men.
Multiple Choice
04.03 – Examine differences in earnings by education level among racial and ethnic groups.
7/23/2021 3:16 AM
7/23/2021 3:17 AM
4. Which of the following statements about the education, employment, and/or earnings of Blacks/African Americans is
true?
a.
The participation rate of Black women has always been lower than the participation rate of White women.
b.
Blacks with college degrees have similar employment levels and earnings as Whites with college degrees.
c.
Blacks with college degrees are more likely to be employed and have higher earnings than Whites with college
degrees.
d.
Black unemployment is higher than every other racial/ethnic group at the same educational level.
d
Multiple Choice
04.02 – Discuss participation rates, employment, and income levels of African Americans.
7/23/2021 3:17 AM
7/23/2021 3:19 AM
5. In empirical research on access to employment, researchers found that
a.
applicants with Black-sounding names were three times less likely to be called for interviews than applicants
with Hispanic-sounding names.
b.
applicants with White-sounding names were two times more likely to be called for interviews than applicants
with Hispanic-sounding names.
c.
having higher quality resumes did not increase the number of callbacks for Black applicants compared to
White applicants.
d.
having a White-sounding name was equivalent to adding a college degree and an MBA to a person’s
qualifications.
Moderate
Multiple Choice
False
and women and men and women of other racial and ethnic groups.
7/23/2021 3:19 AM
7/23/2021 3:20 AM
6. In research involving matched pairs of Black and White applicant testers to investigate the effects of having a criminal
record on job search outcomes,
a.
the negative effect of having a criminal record on job opportunities was 40% larger for Blacks than for Whites.
b.
Blacks with a criminal record did not receive any callbacks.
c.
more than half of Whites with a criminal record were called back for interviews.
d.
neither Black nor White applicants with criminal records were called back for interviews.
1
Multiple Choice
and women and men and women of other racial and ethnic groups.
7/23/2021 3:21 AM
7/23/2021 3:22 AM
7. Glass ceilings and glass walls are likely to be strengthened by all of these practices except:
a.
assigning less challenging work to minorities.
b.
minimizing constructive feedback to women and minorities.
c.
providing mentoring opportunities for women and minorities.
d.
assigning minorities to minority neighborhoods and clients.
Easy
Multiple Choice
04.04 – Discuss research evidence on employment experiences of native and immigrant Black
people in the United States.
7/23/2021 3:22 AM
8/25/2021 3:43 AM
8. Glass walls are
a.
barriers that prevent people from progressing beyond a certain level in an organization.
b.
barriers that prevent women and minorities people from entering staff instead of line positions.
c.
barriers that prevent Whites and men from entering line positions instead of staff positions.
d.
barriers that confine minorities and women to certain positions within organizations.
d
Moderate
Multiple Choice
04.04 – Discuss research evidence on employment experiences of native and immigrant Black
people in the United States.
7/23/2021 3:24 AM
8/25/2021 3:44 AM
9. Research investigating relationships between firm size and employment hiring practices suggests that:
a.
large companies hire considerably smaller percentages of Black employees than small- and medium-sized
companies.
b.
small companies hire larger percentages of Black employees than medium-and large-sized companies.
c.
small, medium, and large companies employ similar percentages of Black employees.
d.
larger firms are more likely to have formal hiring practices and structured interviews than smaller firms.
d
1
Multiple Choice
people in the United States.
7/23/2021 3:26 AM
8/25/2021 3:45 AM
10. Which of the following is true of the employment of Black women?
a.
Research suggests that Black women are preferred by employers over White women and Black men.
b.
White, Asian, and Native American women in the U.S. are more likely to work outside the home than Black
women.
c.
Black women who work for unionized firms earn nearly 40% more than Black women who work for
nonunionized firms.
d.
Black women earn more than Black men.
1
Multiple Choice
False
04.05 – Compare similarities and differences between employment experiences of Black men
and women and men and women of other racial and ethnic groups.
7/23/2021 3:27 AM
7/12/2022 6:58 AM
11. When considering the employment and earnings of native and immigrant Blacks,
a.
native and immigrant Blacks have significantly different earnings.
b.
African-born Blacks have lower educational levels than native-born Blacks.
c.
immigrants with less education have lower employment rates than native-born Blacks.
d.
Black immigrants from Africa have higher levels of education than immigrants overall.
1
Multiple Choice
False
04.04 – Discuss research evidence on employment experiences of native and immigrant Black
people in the United States.
7/23/2021 3:59 AM
7/12/2022 6:59 AM
12. Statistical discrimination
a.
describes the belief that racism is a thing of the present and future regardless of what is done.
b.
occurs when those who demonstrate overt racism use excuses to discriminate.
c.
was refuted in research studies when unqualified Blacks were chosen over qualified Whites.
d.
refers to the use of observable characteristics as proxies for information about the productivity of workers.
Multiple Choice
04.02 – Discuss participation rates, employment, and income levels of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:00 AM
7/12/2022 7:00 AM
13. Which of the following statements is not true about sexual harassment of Black women?
a.
In the past, Black women were likely overrepresented in cases of sexual harassment, but they are now
currently underrepresented.
b.
Managers may not always enforce their company’s sexual harassment policy.
c.
Black (and other minority) women are likely to be subjected to racialized sexual harassment.
d.
Some researchers suggest that the racialized sexual harassment of Black women in organizations is likely
rooted in the sexual abuse Black women endured as slaves.
Multiple Choice
people in the United States.
7/23/2021 4:03 AM
7/13/2022 7:13 AM
14. Discrimination against customers
a.
is a thing of the past; organizations no longer practice this costly behavior.
b.
can be avoided by profiling those from groups who are likely to be “typical” shoplifters.
c.
has no effects on organizations’ ability to market to diverse customer groups.
d.
can result in lost business from customers from diverse backgrounds.
Multiple Choice
organizational experiences of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:05 AM
8/25/2021 3:51 AM
15. In a study of car pricing, researchers found that
a.
Race and sex were related to initial offer prices but not the final prices offered testers.
b.
White men’s initial offers and their final prices were lower than those of other testers.
c.
White women were offered higher initial and final prices than all other groups.
d.
strong consumer advocacy has reduced bias in car pricing.
b
Easy
Multiple Choice
and women and men and women of other racial and ethnic groups.
7/23/2021 4:08 AM
8/25/2021 3:52 AM
16. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s
a.
was less successful than the movement of the 1930s and 1940s.
b.
primarily occurred in the Northern states.
c.
had participation and support from Jewish allies (e.g., two-thirds of White allies).
d.
did not include lunch counter sit-ins organized by college students.
Easy
Multiple Choice
False
04.01 – Discuss the historical background and current status of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:10 AM
7/12/2022 7:06 AM
17. Which of the following is true of the Black population?
a.
Blacks have a significantly lower birthrate than Whites.
b.
A larger proportion of young Blacks means a larger proportion of Blacks will enter the workforce in the
future.
c.
Utilization of Blacks’ skills at work contributes to their illness and early death.
d.
Black birthrate and Black proportion in the workforce are expected to remain unchanged in the future.
b
Moderate
Multiple Choice
False
04.02 – Discuss participation rates, employment, and income levels of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:11 AM
7/12/2022 7:09 AM
18. Black high school graduates are less likely to be unemployed than White high school graduates.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
04.02 – Discuss participation rates, employment, and income levels of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:13 AM
7/12/2022 7:10 AM
19. Black women are less likely to participate in the workforce than White women.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
04.02 – Discuss participation rates, employment, and income levels of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:14 AM
7/23/2021 4:15 AM
20. The African American population
a.
is about 30.5% of the U.S. population
b.
is about 25% of the U.S. population
c.
is about 13% of the U.S. population
d.
is about 17% of the U.S. population
1
Easy
Multiple Choice
False
04.01 – Discuss the historical background and current status of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:16 AM
7/12/2022 7:11 AM
21. Legally sanctioned discrimination and segregation persisted for a short period of time after the end of slavery.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
04.01 – Discuss the historical background and current status of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:17 AM
7/12/2022 7:12 AM
22. On some military bases in the South, Black soldiers had to drink from separate water fountains for “colored” people,
while White soldiers and German prisoners of war drank from the fountains for Whites.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
04.01 – Discuss the historical background and current status of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:18 AM
7/23/2021 4:19 AM
23. Access discrimination occurs when people are denied access to employment.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
04.02 – Discuss participation rates, employment, and income levels of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:20 AM
8/25/2021 3:59 AM
24. Underemployment can affect the quality of a person’s future employment.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
04.02 – Discuss participation rates, employment, and income levels of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:22 AM
25. Targets of access discrimination are often unlikely to be aware that it has occurred.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
False
people in the United States.
7/23/2021 4:22 AM
7/12/2022 7:13 AM
26. Researchers estimate that about 40% of business establishments have no minority workers.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
organizational experiences of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:23 AM
27. Whites are more likely to be managers than Blacks, so the similarity effect tends to disadvantage White employees
seeking management roles.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
False
7/12/2022 7:13 AM
28. Low responsibility and autonomy at work have been associated with stress and high blood pressure for Blacks.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
people in the United States.
7/23/2021 4:26 AM
7/12/2022 7:14 AM
29. A Canadian study found that Blacks were more likely than Whites to be involved in cases using proactive rather than
reactive policing, which suggests racial profiling.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
and women and men and women of other racial and ethnic groups.
7/23/2021 4:28 AM
7/23/2021 4:29 AM
30. Anti-Black racism continues to affect Black applicants, employees, and customers.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
True / False
False
04.01 – Discuss the historical background and current status of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:29 AM
7/12/2022 7:14 AM
31. Underemployment refers to when very few minorities are able to find a job.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Moderate
True / False
False
04.02 – Discuss participation rates, employment, and income levels of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:31 AM
7/23/2021 4:32 AM
32. When Black parents engage in racial socialization, they usually decrease their Black children’s ability to handle
discrimination effectively.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Moderate
True / False
False
and women and men and women of other racial and ethnic groups.
7/23/2021 4:33 AM
7/12/2022 7:16 AM
33. Evidence suggests that employers need to pay more attention to access discrimination because organizations have very
little treatment discrimination.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Moderate
True / False
False
organizational experiences of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:34 AM
7/12/2022 7:17 AM
34. Removing name and sex-identifying information from resumes may be helpful in reducing discrimination.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Moderate
False
organizational experiences of African Americans.
7/23/2021 4:36 AM
35. About 8% of the foreign-born population in the U.S. is Black.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
people in the United States.
7/23/2021 4:36 AM