Management Chapter 2 Organization Workers Dedicated Protecting Their Interests The

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Chapter 2: Private Sector Labor Relations: History and Law

1. An organization of workers dedicated to protecting their interests in the workplace and

improving wages, hours, and working conditions is referred to as a ________.

a. quality circle

b. working group

c. kaizen group

d. labor union

2. Which of the following was the first union that allowed both skilled and unskilled workers to

join?

a. National Labor Union

b. American Federation of Labor

c. Knights of Labor

d. Molly Maguires

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE of the National Labor Union?

a. The National Labor Union sought the abolition of convict labor.

b. Only skilled workers were allowed to join the National Labor Union.

c. The National Labor Union was ultimately converted to the American Federation of Labor.

d. African Americans were allowed to join the National Labor Union.

4. The ________ were a group of union organizers who were prosecuted and either executed or

imprisoned after an 1875 strike against anthracite mine owners failed.

a. Knights of Labor

b. American Federation of Labor

c. National Labor Union

d. Molly Maguires

5. The Railway Strike of 1877 was provoked by ________.

a. increased working hours

b. a mass layoff

c. a 10-percent wage cut

d. lack of pension benefits

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6. Which of the following statements is TRUE of the Knights of Labor (KOL)?

a. The KOL eventually became the National Colored Labor Union.

b. Only skilled workers were allowed to join the KOL.

c. The KOL aimed to become national union for skilled and unskilled workers.

d. The KOL sought economic reforms through strikes and agitation.

7. The leader of the democratic socialist workers’ movement in the U.S., Eugene V. Debs

established the ________.

a. Industrial Workers of the World

b. Congress of Industrial Organizations

c. American Railway Union

d. Women’s Trade Union League

8. The ________ is a federation of unions made up of skilled workers formed in 1886 by

Samuel Gompers.

a. National Labor Union

b. American Federation of Labor

c. Knights of Labor

d. National Labor Relations Board

9. The American Federation of Labor eventually merged with the ________.

a. Congress of Industrial Organizations

b. Knights of Labor

c. National Labor Union

d. Industrial Workers of the World

10. Which of the following statements is TRUE of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)?

a. The political agenda of the IWW was to overthrow capitalism.

b. By the end of World War I, the IWW became a major labor association.

c. The IWW’s members were skilled workers; unskilled members could not apply.

d. The IWW finally merged into the Socialist Labor Party.

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11. Which of the following was the first national association dedicated to organizing women in

America?

a. Working Women’s Association

b. Ladies Garment Workers

c. Women’s Trade Union League

d. Coalition of Labor Union Women

12. In 1935, ________ established the Congress of Industrial Organizations.

a. Andrew Carnegie

b. Samuel Gompers

c. John D. Rockefeller

d. John L. Lewis

13. Which of the following organizations eventually merged with the American Federation of

Labor?

a. Socialist Labor Party

b. Women’s Trade Union League

c. United Transportation Union

d. Congress of Industrial Organizations

14. The term “labor ________” refers to a court order that prohibits any individual or group from

performing any act that violates the rights of other individuals concerned.

a. preemption

b. ratification

c. injunction

d. regulation

15. The ________ Act was a result of investigations into the Pullman strike. This act gave certain

employment protections to union members and offered facilities for mediation and

conciliation of railway labor disputes.

a. Sherman Antitrust Act

b. Erdman Act

c. Clayton Act

d. Davis-Bacon Act

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16. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding company unions?

a. A company union is formed by the NLRB.

b. A company union is an internationally recognized union.

c. A company union is established by the employer.

d. A company union meets the requirements of the National Labor Relations Act.

17. The ________ stated that the existence of labor unions was not prohibited by antitrust.

a. Taft-Hartley Amendments

b. Landrum-Griffin Act

c. Clayton Act

d. Fair Labor Standards Act

18. The ________ provided that neither the labor organization nor its members were considered

illegal combinations or conspiracies in restraint of trade.

a. Davis-Bacon Act

b. Judiciary Act

c. Tenure of Office Act

d. Clayton Act

19. Which of the following was the major reason for the formation of the National War Labor

Board?

a. to limit the court’s injunctive powers against labor organizations

b. to provide employees up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for family reasons

c. to provide a means of settlement of labor controversies in certain industries

d. to give federal employees the right to bargain collectively and join unions

20. The Railway Labor Act required railroad employers to ________.

a. provide health insurance benefits to the workers

b. negotiate with the employees’ union

c. accept an eight-hour workday

d. provide pension benefits to workers

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21. The Davis-Bacon Act required that ________.

a. employers meet with accredited representatives of a majority of their employees and to make

an honest effort to reach agreement on issues raised

b. employers with federal contracts pay time and a half to any employee working more than

eight hours per day

c. employers certify unions to represent a group of employees for purposes of collective

bargaining if a majority of the employees sign authorization cards

d. companies using federal dollars for construction projects use the “prevailing wage rate” of

the area as the minimum-wage rate on their construction projects

22. The ________ Act made “yellow–dog” contracts illegal.

a. Sherman Antitrust

b. Norris-La Guardia

c. Davis-Bacon

d. Erdman

23. Under a “yellow–dog” contract, ________.

a. employees had to accept union membership as a prerequisite for employment

b. employers had to hire employees referred by the union

c. employees pledged to refrain from union membership

d. employees had to pay union dues whether or not they were union members

24. Which of the following acts was declared unconstitutional within two years of its

introduction?

a. the Federal Emergency Relief Act

b. the Davis-Bacon Act

c. the National Industrial Recovery Act

d. the Clayton Act

25. Which of the following acts is also known as the Wagner Act?

a. the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act

b. the Protect America Act

c. the Federal Emergency Relief Act

d. the National Labor Relations Act

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26. The National Labor Relations Act ________.

a. aimed to protect the economic rights of employers against striking unions

b. required companies to use the “prevailing wage rate” of the area as the minimum–wage rate

c. gave private-sector employees the right to unionize and limited employers’ retaliatory powers

d. restricted the federal courts from issuing injunctions in labor disputes, except to maintain law

and order

27. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) was created to enforce provisions of the

________.

a. Clayton Act

b. Wagner Act

c. Taft-Hartley Act

d. Davis-Bacon Act

28. Which of the following acts requires employers with federal contracts to pay time and a half

to any employee working more than eight hours per day?

a. the Clayton Act

b. the National Industrial Recovery Act

c. the Sherman Antitrust Act

d. the Walsh-Healey Act

29. Which of the following acts applied primarily to employees engaged in interstate commerce

and provided a federal minimum wage and a 44-hour week?

a. Fair Labor Standards Act

b. Clayton Act

c. the Wagner Act

d. the Taft-Hartley Act

30. The Labor-Management Relations Act is also known as the ________ Act.

a. Taft-Hartley

b. Smith-Connally

c. Walsh-Healey

d. Davis-Bacon

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31. The Taft-Hartley Amendments ________.

a. restrict the federal courts from issuing injunctions in labor disputes, except to maintain law

and order

b. require employers with federal contracts to pay time and a half to any employee working

more than eight hours per day

c. protect employees from losing their jobs for not joining a union

d. allow employees to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for family reasons

32. The Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act is also known as the ________ Act.

a. Walsh-Healey

b. Landrum-Griffin

c. Davis-Bacon

d. Taft-Hartley

33. The ________ Act is a proposed amendment to the National Labor Relations Act.

a. Federal Regulation of Lobbying

b. Selective Service

c. Employee Free Choice

d. Administrative Procedure

34. Which of the following is TRUE of the National Colored Labor Union?

a. It was initiated by the National Labor Union as a union for freed slaves.

b. It was incorporated into the AFL-CIO in 1966.

c. It was formed by the Maryland Freedom Union and the Mississippi Freedom Labor Union.

d. It applied for affiliation to the National Labor Union, but was rejected.

35. Which of the following is TRUE of women’s trade unions in the U.S.?

a. The CIO’s Reemployment Plan recognized women’s unions on the national stage.

b. The AFL overtly denied the admission of women into the unions.

c. The Women’s Trade Union League formed as an offshoot of the NLU.

d. The CIO denied women admission into unions.

True/False

36. Like-skilled workers, such as printers, shoemakers, tailors, and bakers, organized the earliest

unions in the United States.

37. The American Federation of Labor was the first union to allow skilled and unskilled workers

to join in one union.

38. African Americans were allowed to become members of the National Labor Union from its

inception.

39. The KOL sought economic and social reforms through strikes rather than political action.

40. Samuel Gompers led the American Railway Union in the Pullman strike.

41. The American Federation of Labor is a federation of unions made up of skilled workers

formed in 1886 by Samuel Gompers.

42. The American Federation of Labor (AFL) offered trade unions local autonomy because the

national union operated as a decentralized organization.

43. The American Federation of Labor (AFL) placed more emphasis on economic or industrial

action as opposed to political action.

44. Only males were allowed to be members of the Industrial Workers of the World.

45. The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) has now merged with the Socialist Labor Party.

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46. The Working Women’s Association was the first national association dedicated to organizing

women.

47. In 1935, John L. Lewis and leaders of the Ladies Garment Workers and the Clothing Workers

set up the International Trade Union Confederation.

48. The CIO differed from the AFL by promoting solidarity with African American workers and

with women and immigrants in the workforce.

49. According to the legal tenet of conspiracy, if two or more people conspire to commit an

illegal act, they are guilty of conspiracy whether or not they ever complete the illegal act

itself.

50. A company union does not meet the requirements of the National Labor Relations Act and

thus is not considered a true union.

51. A “company union” is an employee organization formed by an employer to discourage

employee unionization.

52. The Sherman Antitrust Act was designed to break up corporate monopolies.

53. During World War I, President Woodrow Wilson formed the National Labor Relations Board

to prevent labor disputes from disrupting the war effort.

54. The Railway Labor Act was expanded to include the airline industry.

55. The Erdman Act put into place a requirement that companies using federal dollars for

construction projects use the “prevailing wage rate” of the area as the minimum-wage rate on

their construction project.

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56. The Norris-La Guardia Act made “yellow–dog” contracts illegal.

57. “Yellow-dog” contracts were contracts in which employees pledged to refrain from union

membership.

58. The National Labor Relations Act is also known as the Davis-Bacon Act.

59. The Fair Labor Standards Act requires employers to pay covered employees at least the

federal minimum wage and overtime pay of one-and-one- half-times the regular rate of pay

for work exceeding a 40-hour week.

60. According to the Fair Labor Standards Act, to be exempt from the overtime provision, a

worker must be paid a salary of $455 per week and meet a bona fide job duties test.

61. The Labor-Management Relations Act is also known as the Walsh-Healey Act.

62. The Wagner Act protected employees from losing their jobs for not joining a union.

63. The Taft-Hartley Amendments prohibit strikes during the term of a valid collective

bargaining agreement unless employees give 60 days’ notice to the employer and 30 days’

notice to the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service.

64. The Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act is also known as the Taft-Hartley Act.

65. One of the primary provisions in the proposed Employee Free Choice Act is to certify a union

to represent a group of employees for purposes of collective bargaining on the basis of a

secret-ballot election.