Chapter 02: Theoretical Background and Foundation
1. According to the text, characteristics of minority or non-dominant groups often include
a.
identifiability, differential income, discrimination, and group awareness.
b.
identifiability, visibility, discrimination, and group dynamics.
c.
identifiability, differential power, discrimination, and group awareness.
d.
visibility, differential income, discrimination, group awareness
Multiple Choice
characteristics to identify the non-dominant groups in one’s particular environment.
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2. Stereotypes
a.
b.
c.
d.
Multiple Choice
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3. In-group favoritism
a.
is unlikely to result in the similarity effect in organizations.
b.
is of little consequence in today’s carefully monitored organizations.
c.
can disadvantage non-dominant group members.
d.
is necessarily negative, even when not coupled with power.
Multiple Choice
02.05 – Explain in–group favoritism, out-group bias, and internalized oppression.
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8/25/2021 2:19 AM
4. Attribution error
a.
gives advantages to non-dominant group members while disadvantaging dominant group members.
b.
is the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal
factors when evaluating the behavior of others.
c.
is the tendency to underestimate the influence of internal factors and overestimate the influence of external
factors when evaluating one’s own behaviors.
d.
only happens when dominant group members evaluate the behavior of out-group members.
Multiple Choice
02.05 – Explain in–group favoritism, out-group bias, and internalized oppression.
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7/12/2022 5:38 AM
5. Which of the following is true regarding discrimination?
a.
Discrimination is differential treatment that does not limit the economic opportunities of the members of a
particular group.
b.
Discrimination is not a defining characteristic of minorities.
c.
Experiencing discrimination does not lead to group awareness.
d.
Discrimination serves to limit the social and political opportunities of the members of a particular group.
Multiple Choice
02.04 – Discuss stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination and theories related to diversity in
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7/12/2022 5:39 AM
6. Which of the following best describes structured interviews?
a.
A series of job-related questions, with pre-determined answers, that are consistently applied across all
interviews for a particular job.
b.
A series of job-related questions, without specific answers, that are applied across all interviews for
a particular job.
c.
A series of job-related questions, with pre-determined answers, that are targeted toward specific interviewees
for a particular job.
d.
A series of job-related questions, without specific answers, that are targeted toward specific interviewees for
a particular job.
Multiple Choice
demographic groups.
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7. Aversive racism
a.
is one of the traditional forms of racism.
b.
consists of overt and open racist behavior.
c.
may be more difficult to identify and change than traditional racism.
d.
occurs when those who say they hold egalitarian values have positive feelings about minority group members.
Easy
Multiple Choice
False
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8. A hiring manager believes that women are incompetent at work and makes statements to this effect but also makes
statements that indicate women must be protected. He is exhibiting
a.
neosexism.
b.
hostile sexism.
c.
benevolent sexism.
d.
ambivalent sexism.
1
Multiple Choice
organizations.
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9. Strategies to reduce the propensity to engage in in–group, out-group categorizations include
a.
helping group members work to achieve common goals.
b.
increasing competition among group members.
c.
encouraging group members to view themselves as two separate groups.
d.
encouraging group members to continue automatic stereotyping.
Multiple Choice
02.05 – Explain in–group favoritism, out-group bias, and internalized oppression.
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10. Social identity is
a.
the way organizations can identify members of particular social groups.
b.
the part of a person’s self-concept that derives from membership in a particular social group.
c.
a concept that is decreasingly important in today’s diverse society.
d.
in some ways dissimilar from Dworkin and Dworkin’s conceptualization of group awareness.
Multiple Choice
02.04 – Discuss stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination and theories related to diversity in
7/23/2021 7:12 AM
7/12/2022 5:42 AM
11. Which of the following is true of the media and diversity issues?
a.
Whites comprise a smaller proportion of arrests for drug-related crimes but are more likely to be shown on
television being arrested for such crimes.
b.
Most crime is interracial, and news reports are more likely to portray White on White crime.
c.
The media can feed into the reinforcement of stereotypes about groups.
d.
Reformation within the media has resulted in the elimination of anything that might be a barrier to diversity.
Multiple Choice
02.04 – Discuss stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination and theories related to diversity in
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7/12/2022 5:51 AM
12. Which of the following is true of age and diversity at work?
a.
Due to age discrimination, older workers are now less likely to occupy high-status organizational positions
than younger workers.
b.
At times, younger workers are preferred over older workers.
c.
At times, older workers are viewed as irresponsible because of few childcare responsibilities.
d.
Older workers are the dominant group in all contexts.
b
1
Easy
Multiple Choice
False
02.02 – Explain characteristics used to identify non-dominant groups and be able to use these
characteristics to identify the non-dominant groups in one’s particular environment.
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13. Minority groups are always fewer in number than majority groups.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
02.01 – Discuss the meaning of the terms minority group and non-dominant group.
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8/25/2021 2:24 AM
14. Prescriptive stereotyping refers to perceptions about how people should behave based on their group membership.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
02.04 – Discuss stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination and theories related to diversity in
organizations.
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7/12/2022 5:53 AM
15. For subordinating systems to work, distinguishing physical or cultural traits between minority and majority group
members must exist.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
02.07 – Discuss structural or systemic racism and discrimination systems.
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7/23/2021 7:33 AM
16. When out-group members are successful, their success is attributed to external attributes of the out-group members.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Moderate
True / False
False
02.05 – Explain in–group favoritism, out-group bias, and internalized oppression.
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8/25/2021 2:26 AM
17. Stigma refers to the desired norm or typical individual in a certain context.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
02.01 – Discuss the meaning of the terms minority group and non-dominant group.
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18. Multiple group memberships make relationships among in–groups and out-groups and social identities simple.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Moderate
True / False
False
02.05 – Explain in–group favoritism, out-group bias, and internalized oppression.
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7/12/2022 5:55 AM
19. Demonstration of overt, intentional discrimination, such as openly stating a refusal to hire someone based on their
group membership, is considerably less likely in the twenty-first century than in the past.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
organizations.
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7/12/2022 5:56 AM
20. At times, non-dominant group members adhere to stereotypes about their own groups.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Moderate
True / False
False
02.05 – Explain in–group favoritism, out-group bias, and internalized oppression.
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7/23/2021 7:58 AM
21. Neosexism occurs when people’s reported egalitarian values are in agreement with their negative attitudes toward
women.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
organizations.
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7/23/2021 7:59 AM
22. Benevolent sexism is detrimental to women, even though it is termed “benevolent.”
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Moderate
True / False
False
organizations.
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8/25/2021 2:30 AM
23. Hostile sexism is an antipathy toward women based on positive stereotypes.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
organizations.
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8/25/2021 2:31 AM
24. Extensive training in negating stereotypes can reduce spontaneous activation of stereotypes.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Moderate
True / False
False
demographic groups.
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25. Similarity effect refers to a bias in which people are more likely to select and hire dissimilar others.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Easy
True / False
False
02.05 – Explain in–group favoritism, out-group bias, and internalized oppression.
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7/12/2022 5:57 AM
26. Efforts to change aversive racists’ prejudiced attitudes are the same as the efforts required to change those who openly
acknowledge and express overt prejudice.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Moderate
True / False
False
demographic groups.
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7/12/2022 5:58 AM
27. Christian privilege includes having major Christian religious days as work holidays.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
memberships.
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7/23/2021 8:18 AM
28. An example of a discrimination system is how differential treatment in the justice system affects the ability to obtain
employment.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
02.07 – Discuss structural or systemic racism and discrimination systems.
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7/12/2022 5:58 AM
29. Social cognitive theory suggests that people use categorization to simplify and cope with the large volumes of
information to which they are continually exposed.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
demographic groups.
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30. Allies work to dismantle privilege.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Easy
True / False
False
memberships.
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7/12/2022 6:02 AM