43. The book, The Civil Corporation, identifies four ways in which business firms respond to social pressures. Which of
the following is not one of those?
a.
defensive approach
b.
cost-benefit approach
c.
strategic approach
d.
stakeholder approach
44. According to the Business Case for CSR, a reason companies are becoming more socially responsible is all of the
following except
a.
Access to capital
b.
Increased revenue
c.
Cost savings
d.
Customer demand
45. ____ is depicted as an action – oriented variant of CSR
a.
b.
c.
d.
46. The ____ argument against CSR focuses on the consequence of the requirement that business must internalize costs
that it formerly passed on to society in the form of dirty air and unsafe products, the costs of which might necessitate
raising prices.
a.
Resources Available
b.
Business not equipped
c.
Dilutes Business purpose
d.
Global Competitiveness
47. Which of the following is not a dimension of Carroll’s corporate social performance model?
a.
social responsibility categories
b.
funding sources
c.
philosophy of social responsiveness
d.
issues
48. Carroll’s corporate social performance model can be used in all of the ways listed below except
a.
providing a conceptualization that could lead to better managed social performance.
b.
providing answers to specific social problems.
c.
using it as a planning tool.
d.
identifying categories within which the organization can be situated.
49. Which entity publishes annual “World’s Most Admired Companies” rankings?
a.
The Conference Board
b.
Fortune Magazine
c.
Walt Disney
d.
The U.S. Chamber of Commerce
50. Which entity publishes “The 100 Best Companies to Work For“?
a.
The Conference Board
b.
Fortune Magazine
c.
Walt Disney
d.
The U.S. Chamber of Commerce
51. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a socially responsible company?
a.
makes products that are safe
b.
makes above average financial returns
c.
does not pollute air or water
d.
recycles within the company
52. The view of corporate citizenship that embraces all that is implied in the concepts of social responsibility,
responsiveness, and performance is the ____ view.
a.
unlimited
b.
broad
c.
narrow
d.
limited
53. The narrow view of corporate citizenship focuses solely on
a.
ecological issues.
b.
employee relations.
c.
corporate community relations.
d.
stakeholder management.
54. Benefits to companies of good corporate citizenship include all of the following except
a.
improved employee relations.
b.
improved customer relations.
c.
improved business performance.
d.
fewer government regulations.
55. The relationship between corporate social performance and financial performance is viewed from three different
perspectives. The most popular view is based on the belief that
a.
socially responsible firms are more financially profitable.
b.
more profitable firms have the ability to be more socially responsible.
c.
social responsibility and financial performance are inter-related and affect each other.
d.
there is no relationship between social responsibility and financial performance.
56. The relationship between corporate social performance and financial performance is viewed from three different
perspectives. The perspective that views social responsibility as a “fair weather” concept
a.
has been studied extensively.
b.
views social responsibility as driven by the firm’s financial performance.
c.
is the most popular of the three perspectives.
d.
sees an interactive relationship among social performance, financial performance, and corporate reputation.
57. The relationship between corporate social performance and financial performance is viewed from three different
perspectives. The symbiotic view
a.
states that financial performance determines social performance.
b.
high social performance leads to improved financial performance.
c.
states that there is an interactive relationship among social performance, financial performance, and corporate
reputation.
d.
is synonymous with the contingency view of Husted.
58. The Triple Bottom Line concept focuses on economic, social, and environmental performance, the key elements of
a.
sustainability.
b.
growth.
c.
corporate social responsibility.
d.
corporate social responsiveness.
59. The Triple Bottom Line encompasses all of the following spheres of performance except
a.
economic.
b.
social.
c.
environmental.
d.
philanthropic.
60. Financial returns from socially conscious investment funds are
a.
competitive with returns from other investments.
b.
higher than returns from other investments.
c.
slightly lower than returns from other investments.
d.
much lower than returns from other investments.
Provide a short answer to each of these questions. Be sure to fully explain your answer.
61. Explain why Business for Social Responsibility (BSR) was formed.
62. Explain why the emergence of large corporations in the late 19th century helped shift society’s view away from the
classical economic view.
63. In Carroll’s four-part definition of corporate social responsibility, he includes philanthropic responsibilities, yet he
describes these as voluntary or discretionary. Explain this seeming contrast between a responsibility and a voluntary
activity.
64. One of the arguments that opponents of corporate social responsibility use is that business already has enough power,
so society should not grant it more power by relying on it to alleviate social problems. Evaluate this argument.
65. One of the arguments against corporate social responsibility is that by requiring more of U.S. corporations, they may
be put at a disadvantage relative to foreign competitors. Evaluate this argument.
66. In the 1890s, the Robber Barons began to use their personal wealth and the wealth accumulated by their corporations
to enhance the social good. Their philanthropic activities were encouraged, in part, because public opinion was demanding
that the government do something to limit their power. Is this type of activity still occurring in the United States? Why or
why not?
67. Summarize the argument used to explain why the concept of corporate social responsiveness is an improvement over
corporate social responsibility.
68. Discuss the methods used by Fortune magazine to determine how firms are ranked as to Social Responsibility. Do you
think the ranking is fair? Why or why not?
69. Explain the concept of “multiple bottom lines.” Why do advocates of this approach prefer it over the traditional
method of measuring the firm’s financial performance?
70. Describe socially responsible investing.
with other investment vehicles.
71. Distinguish between the concepts of corporate social responsibility, corporate social responsiveness, corporate social
performance, and corporate citizenship. How are these ideas different from each other? How are they similar?
72. The Generous Corporation argues that corporations began their philanthropic activities primarily out of self-interest.
By doing so, they are able to keep government from intervening in their business activities and imposing more regulations
on them. Assuming that this argument is valid, and the firms’ motives are primarily self interested, evaluate whether or not
the motives are important. That is, are firms’ philanthropic activities less valuable because they are motivated by self
interest? Explain your answer.
73. The primary argument for corporate social responsibility states that for business to have a healthy climate in which to
operate in the future, it must take current action to assure its long-term viability. Is this long-range self-interest argument
valid? Does it encompass all that society wants from business?
74. Are the awards described in the textbook effective ways of promoting the idea of corporate social performance? Why
or why not?
75. Which of the three bottom lines encompassed by the Triple Bottom Line do you consider most important? Explain
your answer.