53) Lately Farrah has been setting challenging goals and expecting subordinates to perform at
their highest level. According to the path-goal model, she is acting as a(n) ________ leader.
A) achievement-oriented
B) high structure
C) production-oriented
D) high task
54) When Fred recently met with the employees to let them know the product schedules and
what he expected of them, he displayed which of the following leadership styles?
A) directive
B) supportive
C) participative
D) achievement-oriented
55) Which of the following is included in the class of contingency variables termed
“environment” by the path-goal theory?
A) task structure and formal authority system
B) locus of control and experience
C) perceived ability
D) employee satisfaction
56) Which of the following is included in the class of contingency variables termed “follower”
by the path-goal theory?
A) locus of control
B) work group relationships
C) employee compensation
D) formal authority system
57) According to the path-goal model, when Ginger spends time with the employees so they can
see that she is friendly and has concern for them, she displays which of the following leadership
styles?
A) considerate
B) supportive
C) participative
D) people-oriented
58) According to the path-goal model, when Greg consults with the employees for suggestions
prior to making a decision, he displays which of the following leadership styles?
A) considerate
B) supportive
C) participative
D) democratic
59) According to the path-goal model, when Hannah meets with the employees to establish
challenging goals and expectations for the next financial year, she displays which of the
following leadership styles?
A) task-oriented
B) production-oriented
C) democratic
D) achievement-oriented
60) According to the path-goal theory, directive leadership will lead to higher employee
satisfaction when there is ________ within a work group.
A) cohesiveness
B) high structure
C) substantial conflict
D) internal locus of control
61) According to the path-goal theory, employee performance and leadership style are likely to
be positively related when ________.
A) the leader adopts a directive style when the tasks are clear and the employee has the
experience and the ability to handle them
B) the leader displays directive behavior at all times
C) the leadership style compensates for shortcomings in either the employee or the work setting
D) the leader adopts a directive style of leadership with followers who have an internal locus of
control
62) Fiedler’s contingency model of leadership style proposed that effectiveness depends on the
ability and willingness of the subordinates.
63) The least-preferred coworker questionnaire measures whether a leader is task or relationship
oriented.
64) According to Fiedler’s research, task-oriented leaders tended to perform better in situations
that are very favorable to them and in situations that were very unfavorable.
65) Derek heads a team of ten research analysts in Deutsche Bank. Even though he is least
impressed with Cara among all his subordinates, when asked about her work he chose to focus
on her strengths rather than her weaknesses. Derek can be described as a task-oriented leader.
66) According to Robert House’s path-goal theory, a supportive leader lets subordinates know
what’s expected of them, schedules the work to be done, and gives specific guidance on how to
accomplish tasks.
67) Robert House’s achievement-oriented leader sets challenging goals and expects followers to
perform at their highest level.
68) Robert House assumed that leaders can change leadership styles depending on the situation.
69) Path-goal theory holds that subordinates with an external locus of control will be more
satisfied with a directive style.
70) Path-goal theory states that employee performance and satisfaction are likely to be positively
influenced when the leader chooses a leadership style that compensates for shortcomings in
either the employee or the work setting.
71) In a short essay, discuss the situational leadership theory developed by Paul Hersey and Ken
Blanchard. Next, list and discuss the four specific leadership styles and the four stages of
follower readiness as defined by them.
72) In a short essay discuss the stages of readiness from the situational leadership theory
developed by Hersey and Blanchard. Give an example for each stage.
73) When Alan was promoted to the head of the sales team at Mac Software Inc., he chose three
of his closest friends in the team to form the core sales group with him. Which of the following
predictions would be consistent with the LMX theory?
A) Such an arrangement eventually becomes unstable.
B) Job satisfaction is more likely to be higher for the team members who are not a part of the
core group.
C) Team members who are not a part of Alan’s core group are actually far more competent than
his friends who form the core team.
D) There will be a higher turnover among team members who are not a part of the core group.
74) Which of the following is an accurate statement about transformational leaders?
A) They are poor motivators.
B) They clarify task requirements.
C) They exhibit more than just charisma.
D) They focus on tasks and pay little attention to followers.
75) Rachel’s colleagues and subordinates have a very high regard for her. They know that no one
can get high-quality work done the way Rachel can. She inspires her team to excel in their work,
even exceeding their own expectations. What her subordinates like best about Rachel is that they
are free to discuss her decisions with her, even question her once in while if they are not sure
about her strategy. Which of the following best describes Rachel’s leadership style?
A) transactional
B) charismatic
C) trait
D) transformational
76) A leader, such as Bill Gates of Microsoft, who can inspire followers above their own self-
interests and can have a profound effect on their performance, is known as a(n) ________.
A) transactional leader
B) directive leader
C) informational leader
D) transformational leader
77) The evidence supporting the superiority of transformational leadership over the transactional
style is ________.
A) inconclusive
B) moderately supportive
C) moderately negative
D) overwhelmingly impressive
78) Evidence indicates that transformational leadership is strongly correlated with ________.
A) lower turnover rates and lower levels of goal attainment and follower well-being
B) lower turnover rates and higher levels of productivity and creativity
C) higher turnover rates and lower levels of productivity and employee satisfaction
D) higher turnover rates and higher levels of employee satisfaction and follower well-being
79) Joanna has a very clear idea of what she wants her team to accomplish and often works that
idea into conversation with her subordinates. She uses unconventional and sometimes
controversial means to achieve her ends but her subordinates know she has their backs. Joanna
can be described as a(n) ________ leader.
A) telling
B) charismatic
C) authoritative
D) participative
80) If Rhonda is a charismatic leader, which of the following characteristics is she most likely to
possess?
A) a strong need to be in control
B) a lack of sensitivity to environmental constraints
C) an external locus of control
D) a willingness to take risks to achieve her vision
81) Researchers who train individuals to use charismatic nonverbal behaviors do not recommend
________.
A) leaning toward the subordinate
B) avoiding eye contact
C) having relaxed posture
D) having animated facial expressions
82) ________ leadership is the ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, and attractive
vision of the future for an organization that improves on the present.
A) Visionary
B) Charismatic
C) Trait
D) Transactional
83) Transactional and transformational leadership are opposing approaches to getting things
done.
84) A charismatic leader is likely seen as being self-confident and influential.
85) People working for charismatic leaders are motivated to exert extra work effort but express
lower satisfaction.
86) Charisma is an essential quality that leaders must possess to achieve high levels of employee
performance.
87) Charisma is the ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, attractive vision of the
future for any organization or organizational unit that grows out of and improves on the present.
88) A vision should offer clear and compelling imagery that taps into people’s emotions and
inspires enthusiasm to pursue the organization’s goals.
89) One specific role of team leadership is that team leaders are troubleshooters.
90) In a short essay, differentiate between transactional and transformational leaders.
91) All of the following are sources of leader power except ________.
A) legitimate
B) status
C) expert
D) coercive
92) Which of the following is the type of power a person has because of his or her position in the
formal organizational hierarchy?
A) legitimate power
B) coercive power
C) reward power
D) expert power
93) Sam is the manager at a department store. He has 20 employees working under him who are
mostly unhappy and discontented with the way he threatens them for even minor errors. Which
of the following statements is likely to be true about Sam?
A) Sam is a transactional leader.
B) Sam is using coercive power to get the job done.
C) Sam is a telling leader.
D) Sam is using referent power to get the job done.
94) Tamera is the person employees go to when disciplinary action is necessary. Tamera holds
________ power.
A) legitimate
B) coercive
C) reward
D) expert
95) Kay is the supervisor that the employees go to for general decisions. Kay holds ________
power.
A) reward
B) expert
C) legitimate
D) coercive
96) Clay is the person employees go to when they are to receive special recognition. Clay holds
________ power.
A) reward
B) legitimate
C) coercive
D) referent
97) Juan is the person employees go to when knowledge of a topic was needed. Juan holds
________ power.
A) legitimate
B) reward
C) referent
D) expert
98) Marsha is the manager at a bank, with 30 employees reporting to her. Many of her staff are
extremely impressed with the way she handles her work and the people at the bank. They take
pride in being associated with her team. She is not only fair and understanding, but ensures that
the deserving employees are compensated well. Which two sources of power does Marsha use in
this example?
A) reward and referent power
B) referent and coercive power
C) expert and reward power
D) referent and expert power
99) Your firm’s attorney has ________ power when giving legal advice.
A) legitimate
B) status
C) expert
D) coercive
100) ________ is the power that arises because of a person’s desirable resources or personal
traits.
A) Expert power
B) Referent power
C) Reward power
D) Legitimate power
101) When a young child emulates a professional sports star’s behavior, what kind of power does
the star have over the child?
A) legitimate
B) expert
C) coercive
D) referent
102) The most dominant component of credibility is ________.
A) expertise
B) status
C) authority
D) honesty
103) The dimension of trust that is used to describe honesty and truthfulness is ________.
A) integrity
B) competence
C) consistency
D) loyalty
104) Shaun is the manager of a warehouse operated by a department store. He is trusted by his
subordinates because he shares information freely, is reliable, and shows extremely good
judgment while handling any type of crisis. Shaun is also known to be very protective of his
staff. Which dimensions of trust is he exhibiting?
A) integrity and loyalty
B) competence and openness
C) consistency, loyalty, and openness
D) loyalty, consistency, and competence
105) Why are more and more companies empowering nonmanagerial employees?
A) Managers needs to make quick decisions.
B) Organizational upsizing left many managers with smaller spans of control.
C) Empowerment is appropriate for all circumstances.
D) Managers must cope with increased work demands.
106) One general conclusion that surfaces from leadership research is that ________.
A) effective leaders do not use any single style
B) managers always make good team leaders
C) national culture is one situational variable which in reality has a limited impact on leadership
style
D) women usually make better transactional leaders than men
107) Legitimate power is inherent in management positions.
108) Legitimate power and authority are one and the same.
109) Reward power is the power that arises because of a person’s desirable resources or personal
traits.
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110) Credibility is the degree to which followers perceive someone as honest, competent, and
able to inspire.
111) Trust is the belief in the integrity, character, and ability of a leader.
112) Of the five dimensions that make up the concept of trust, loyalty seems to be the most
113) Discuss the five sources in which leader power has been identified. Include specific
examples of each source of power to support your answer.