Management Chapter 16 The CP is greater than one but less than 1.33

171

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 16

ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS

16.1

Number of standard deviations within tolerance

= .

001 ÷ .00033 = 3.03

16.4

C

=

(USL LSL) =

0.83

16.5

C

P

=

USL LSL = .820 .780

=

0.95

172

16.7

a

. Process centered on 0.75

16.8

a

. Cpk = 10.1 9.95 = 2.5

or

= 9.95 9.9 =

.83

173

174

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1

. Which of the following statements is best?

a

. the basic quality level of a product is specified by senior management

b

. manufacturing is responsible for meeting at least the minimum specifications of

the product

c

. the product designer builds the quality level into the product by design and

specification

d

. all the above are true

e

. a and b are true

2

. Which of the following is NOT a basic concept of total quality management?

a

. customer focus

b

. competitive supplier bidding

c

. continuous process improvement

d

. performance measures

e

. involvement of the total workforce

3

. Which of the following statements regarding TQM is best?

I

. TQM is organization wide and everyone’s responsibility

II

. Customer focus is not a requirement of TQM.

III

. Only junior management is involved in TQM.

a

. I only is true

b

. II only is true

c

. III only is true

d

. I and II only are true

e

. all the above are true

4

. Giving people the authority to make decisions and take action in their work areas is called

which of the following?

a

. teamwork

b

. organizational skills

c

. empowerment

d

. any of the above

e

. none of the above

5

. Which of the following statements is best regarding performance measures?

I

. They are not necessary for performance improvement.

II

. They should be appropriate and useful.

III

. They should be simple and easy for users to understand.

a

. I and II only

b

. I and III only

c

. II and III only

d

. all the above

175

6

. The cost of failure to control quality includes which of the following?

a

. scrap, rework and spoilage

b

. warranty charges

c

. returned materials

d

. all the above

e

. none of the above

7

. The costs of controlling quality include which of the following?

a

. prevention and appraisal costs

b

. prevention and process control costs

c

. appraisal and process control costs

d

. any of the above

e

. none of the above

8

. Which of the following is/are included in the cost of preventing poor quality?

a

. operator training

b

. final inspection

c

. warranty charges

d

. all the above are included in the costs of preventing poor quality

e

. none of the above is included in the costs of preventing poor quality

9

. Which of the following statements is best regarding process variation?

I

. All variation is due to chance.

II

. Random variation is inherent in the process.

III

. Assignable variation is due to a specific cause.

a

. I and II are true

b

. I and III are true

c

. II and III are true

d

. I only is true

e

. II only is true

10

. Random variation in a process can be caused by which of the following?

a

. people

b

. machinery

c

. materials

d

. all the above

e

. none of the above

11

. Which of the following can be used to describe the spread of the pattern of variability?

a

. arithmetic mean

b

. average

c

. range

d

. upper control limit

e

. none of the above

176

12

. Which of the following statements is true if the standard deviation of a process is .02 and

the average is 1?

a

. about 68.3% of the output will be within 1± .02

b

. the specification limits are ± .02

c

. the upper control limit is 1.02

d

. all the above are true

e

. none of the above is true

13

. The permissible limits of deviation from the desired amount is called which of the following?

a

. spread

b

. tolerance

c

. control limits

d

. process capability

14

. Which of the following statements is best?

I

. The capability of a process is related to the product specification limits.

II

. Quality does not depend on the process used.

III. Defects can only be produced by a shift in the mean.

a

. I only is true

b

. I and III only are true

c

. I and III only are true

d

. all the above are true

e

. none of the above is true

15

. Which of the following statements is best if a process has a capability index (Cp) of 0.83?

a

. the process is capable

b

. the process is not capable

c

. cannot tell whether the process is capable or not from the information

d

. the product specifications are adequate

16

. Which of the following statements is best if a process has a Cpk of between 1 and 1.33?

a

. the process is not capable

b

. the process is marginal

c

. the process is capable

d

. none of the above is true

17

. The purpose of process control is to:

a

. make sure the process does not stop

b

. self-correct the process

c

. to show when there is a high probability of an assignable cause for defect

d

. to help designers develop the steps to automate a process

e

. all the above

177

18

. Which of the following statements is correct regarding control charts?

I

. Specification limits are the same as control limits

II

. If there is no assignable cause of variation the process is in control

III

. A shift in the or average will show up on the X portion of the X and R chart

a

. I and II are true

b

. I and III are true

c

. II and III are true

d

. all the above are true

e

. none of the above is true

19

. Which of the following statements is true regarding sample inspection?

a

. acceptance sampling requires 100% inspection

b

. one reason to sample inspect is because of human error

c

. the sample should be taken from the last parts produced because there is less

chance of error

d

. there is no risk to either the consumer or producer

20

. Which of the following statements is correct regarding acceptance sampling?

a

. sample inspection is 100% accurate

b

. the consumer’s risk is that a lot with less than the acceptable number of defects

will be accepted

c

. The producer’s risk is that a batch with more than the acceptable number of

defects will be rejected

d

. The cost of the sampling plan must be balanced against the consumer’s risk and

the producer’s risk

e

.

21

. Under which of the following conditions is acceptance sampling appropriate?

a

. testing of the product is destructive

b

. time is available for 100% inspection

c

. the sample can be taken from the top of the batch

d

. the batch to be sampled is small

e

. sampling is a natural part of the process

22

. Which of the following statements is true concerning ISO 9000 standards?

I

. They are intended to prevent nonconformities during all stages of inspection

II

. There is only one ISO 9000 standard and it only applies to manufacturing.

III

. They describe the fundamental concepts of a quality management system.

a

. I only is true

b

. II only is true

c

. III only is true

d. I and II are true

e

. All of the above are true

178

23

. ISO 9000:2015 is designed as:

a

. a complete set of documentation to run any business

b

. a process approach to management

c

. a 12 step process

d

. a method of sampling to prevent defects in any process

e

. a set of technical standards to establish inspection limits

24

. Which of the following statements is true concerning benchmarking?

a

. it seeks improvement by analyzing the internal process

b

. it studies only organizations in the same industry

c

. it studies the “best in class” organizations

d

. it is a process for determining performance measures for the shop floor

25

. A House of Quality is used to:

a

. Organize a company into departments focusing on quality.

b

. Structure the engineering team.

c

. Translate customer needs into design specifications.

d

. Calculate specifications for desired cost reductions.

e

. Calculate capability of a process to meet customer specifications.

26

. The voice of the customer is:

a

. The response heard from market promotions

b

. An expression for customer wants.

c

. The communication method used for network marketing.

d

. A measure of capability of a process.

27

. QFD is an acronym for:

a

. Quality Function Deployment.

b

. Quality For Design.

c

. Quality Forms Development

d

. Quality through Frequent Delivery

28

. Six Sigma is a strategy designed to:

a

. Reduce defects.

b

. Measure the capability of the quality function.

c

. Calculate productivity.

d

. Increase the total output of processes.

e

. None of the above.

29

. Six Sigma:

a

. Is only applicable if a process is repetitive.

b

. Is an offshoot of the 5-S program.

c

. Is an award sponsored by the Malcolm Baldridge Foundation.

d

. Is about more than measurement of parts production.

179

30

. The Top Six Sigma project managers are known as:

a

. Black Belts

b

. White Hats

c

. Best-In-Class

d

. World Class

e

. Biero

31

. The specification for the cut length of a board is 12 inches ± .5 inches. A sample

of boards showed an average length of 11.8 inches and a standard deviation of .1

inches. The Cp for this process is:

a

.

5

b

.

2

c

.

2.33

d

.

1.67

e

.

1

32

. A process has been sampled and it is found to have a Cpk on the upper side of 2.4

and a Cpk on the lower side of 1.4. The Cp for this process would be:

a

.

2

b

.

1.9

c

.

3.8

d

.

4.8

e

. The value of the process mean is needed to solve this problem.

33

. The specification for the cut length of a board is 12 inches ± .5 inches. A sample

of boards showed an average length of 11.8 inches and a standard deviation of .1

inches. The Cpk for this process is:

a

.

7

b

.

3

c

.

2.33

d

.

1

e

. .

42

34

. Which of the following quality processes is part of QFD?

a

. House of quality

b

. Statistical Process Control

c

.

Lean

d

.

ISO:9000:2015

e

. Quality for delivery

180

35

. Which of the common quality decision making techniques compares products to

the competition?

a

. Fishbone diagrams

b

. Six Sigma

c

. Quality Function Deployment

d

. Statistical Process Control

e

. Product sampling inspection

36. An international standard to assist organizations in contributing to

sustainable development through an understanding of social responsibility is:

a. ISO 26000:2010

b. ISO 9000:2015

c. ISO 9001:2015

d. ISO 14001:2015

Answers.