31) A seven activity project has the activity durations (in weeks) and costs shown in the table. In
addition to the activity costs shown in the table, there is an additional daily fixed cost of $450.
What is the least expensive project completion cost?
Activity
Predecessor
Normal
Duration
Normal Cost
Crash
Duration
Crash Cost
A
—
7
$2000
5
$3000
B
—
8
$1500
6
$2000
C
A
12
$2500
10
$2900
D
B
13
$3000
10
$4200
E
B
15
$4000
12
$5500
F
C, E
10
$3200
8
$4000
G
D
7
$1800
6
$2200
A) $31,450
B) $31,900
C) $32,350
D) $32,700
32) The project represented by this network diagram has activity lengths in days and crash costs
as shown in the table. What is the cheapest crash cost for the project if the contractor must
complete all work in 45 days?
Activity
Crash Cost/Day
A
$250
B
$400
C
$100
D
$300
E
$300
F
$350
A) $550
B) $950
C) $1150
D) $1450
33) How many days can this project be shortened if money is no object, i.e., there is an unlimited
budget?
A) 6 days
B) 9 days
C) 10 days
D) 13 days
34) What is the total cost to complete this project as quickly as possible if each day on site costs
$1,000?
A) $43,100
B) $40,300
C) $39,300
D) $41,900
35) The project represented by this network diagram has activity lengths in days and crash costs
as shown in the table. The fixed cost for being on site is $450. What is the lowest total
completion cost for the project?
Activity
Crash Cost/Day
A
B
$475
C
$350
D
$500
E
$425
F
$300
A) $10,600
B) $11,000
C) $11,400
D) $12,000
36) A(n) ________ is a graphical tool used to show a project’s progress as time elapses.
37) The longest path in a network from the start of a project to the end of a project is the
________.
38) An activity’s duration added to its earliest start time yields the ________.
39) For critical path activities, slack is equal to ________.
40) ________ is a technique to shorten the overall length of the project that usually involves a
trade-off between time and cost.
A hatmaker, fresh off a very successful showing at Lidzapalooza is excited about the prospects
of providing the finest chapeaus to meet the needs of his energized customer base in the coming
year. He and his space designer have identified seven activities that are necessary to expand his
small shop. For the sake of simplicity, and to avoid giving away any trade secrets, the activities
have been identified by letters A-G. The activities, their time estimates, and the precedence
requirements structure are listed in the table immediately below. Use this table to answer the
following questions.
Activity
Predecessors
Time (weeks)
A
—
7
B
A
6
C
A
10
D
C
12
E
B, C
5
F
D, E
11
G
D, F
8
41) Refer to the scenario above. Develop a Gantt chart for this project and indicate the finish
times for each activity.
42) Refer to the scenario above. What are the earliest and latest start and finish times for all of
these activities?
43) A project is composed of the twelve activities shown in the table. What are the earliest and
latest start times for each of these activities?
Activity
Time (days)
Predecessors
A
3
—
B
3
A
C
15
A
D
2
B
E
12
B
F
16
C
G
2
C
H
11
E, F
I
9
D, G
J
6
D, E
K
15
H, I
L
13
J, K
Activity
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
44) The tablet unearthed by the archaeologist revealed an ancient culture’s project plan, however
the sands of time had erased much of the information that the table once contained. Unlock the
ancient project’s secrets by completing all of the information missing from this fragmentary
record.
Activity
Predecessors
Time
ES
EF
LS
LF
A
—
7
12
B
—
8
C
A
13
20
D
A
11
12
E
B
14
17
F
B
11
G
D, E
6
H
C
20
K
F
29
L
G, H, K
9
Activity
Predecessors
Time
ES
EF
LS
LF
A
—
7
0
7
5
12
B
—
8
0
8
0
8
C
A
7
7
14
13
20
D
A
11
7
18
12
23
E
B
6
8
14
17
23
F
B
11
8
19
8
19
G
D, E
6
18
24
23
29
H
C
9
14
23
20
29
K
F
10
19
29
19
29
L
G, H, K
9
29
38
29
38
45) Construction of the cattery could be distilled to eight distinct steps, from the official
groundbreaking ceremony to the cutting of the litterbox ribbon. The activities, their durations
and predecessors are shown in the table below. Determine earliest and latest start and finish
times for all of the activities.
Activity
Predecessors
Time (weeks)
A
—
10
B
A
8
C
A
7
D
C
11
E
D
12
F
B
11
G
E, F
6
H
E, F
9
Activity
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
46) Given the earliest and latest finish times for each of these activities, what are the activity
lengths?
Activity
EF
LF
Predecessors
A
3
3
—
B
10
10
A
C
5
13
A
D
18
18
B
E
15
18
B
F
11
19
C
G
8
19
C
H
23
23
D, E
I
15
23
F, G
J
24
24
H, I
3
7
2
8
5
6
3
5
I
4
J
1
47) Complete this table containing earliest and latest start times and activity lengths.
Activity
Predecessor
Length
Early Start
Early Finish
Late Start
Late
Finish
A
—
11
11
0
11
B
A
11
17
20
C
B, D
30
20
30
D
A
11
20
11
20
E
D
4
30
F
C, E, G
10
30
G
A
11
20
30
Predecessor
Length
A
0
B
11
C
20
D
11
20
30
G
11
48) The project shown below has crash costs as shown in the table. What is the minimum
completion cost for this project that has a fixed cost of $1,000 per day?
Activity
Crash Cost
($/day)
A
B
$800
C
$1200
D
$600
E
$400
F
$1100
G
$900
49) A seven activity project has the activity durations (in weeks) and costs shown in the table. It
is possible to speed up every one of the activities by paying a little more; for example, activity A
has a regular duration of 7 weeks and regular cost of $2000, but for $3000 activity A can be
finished in 5 weeks and for $2500 activity A can be finished in 6 weeks. In addition to the
activity costs shown in the table, there is an additional daily fixed cost of $450. What is the least
expensive project completion cost?
Activity
Predecessor
Normal
Duration
Normal Cost
Crash
Duration
Crash Cost
A
—
7
$2000
5
$3000
B
—
8
$1500
6
$2000
C
A
12
$2500
10
$2900
D
B
13
$3000
10
$4200
E
B
15
$4000
12
$5500
F
C, E
10
$3200
8
$4000
G
D
7
$1800
6
$2200
50) A project represented by the activities shown in this table must meet a deadline of 51 days.
Sketch the network and determine the critical path. Using the crash costs and minimum activity
lengths shown in the table, determine which activities to shorten and provide the total cost of
finishing this project in 51 days.
Activity
Predecessor
Crash Duration
(days)
Crash Cost
($/day)
A
—
12
485
B
A
4
775
C
B, D
6
460
D
A
12
670
E
D
13
50
F
C, E, G
14
265
G
A
16
400
51) The project represented by this network diagram has activity lengths in days and crash costs
as shown in the table. You have been given a budget of $2,500 and instructed to complete the
project as quickly as you can using that amount. Which activities do you expedite and what is the
final cost of crashing and project duration?
Activity
Crash Duration
A
8
B
12
C
9
D
16
E
13
F
4
Learning Objective 14-4
1) Most project management software represents a project in AON format.
Learning Objective 14-5
1) The Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®) is divided into two
main parts, the various business processes that organizations follow in carrying out projects and
the nine knowledge areas applicable to nearly all projects.
2) Which of these needs does the Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge NOT
serve?
A) It provides a common language for discussing project management issues.
B) It provides a blueprint for ISO certification of the project management process.
C) It identifies and disseminates generally accepted project management knowledge and
practices.
D) It serves as a basic reference source for project management.
3) The professional organization that serves the needs of project management professionals is
________.