Package Title: Chapter 13, Testbank
Course Title: Schermerhorn, Exploring 5e
Chapter Number: 13
Question type: Multiple Choice
1) Which of the following terms describes the forces within a person that account for the level,
direction, and persistence of effort expended at work?
a) Needs
b) Satisfier factors
c) Motivation
d) Hygiene factors
2) A ________ is an unfulfilled physiological or psychological desire.
a) motivator
b) satisfier
c) hygiene factor
d) need
3) In the context of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, which of the following states that a
satisfied need is not a motivator of behavior?
a) Progression principle
b) Existence principle
c) Frustration-regression principle
d) Deficit principle
4) In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, the ________ states that people try to satisfy lower-
level needs first and then move step–by-step up the hierarchy.
a) progression principle
b) existence principle
c) frustration-regression principle
d) deficit principle
5) Maslow’s progression principle continues to move up to the level of ________.
a) esteem needs
b) safety needs
c) self-actualization needs
d) social needs
6) The ________ of the Alderfer’s ERG theory is essentially the higher–order needs in Maslow’s
hierarchy.
a) growth needs
b) existence needs
c) relationship needs
d) physiological needs
7) Which of the following is the highest level of need in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
a) Esteem needs
b) Self-actualization needs
c) Social needs
d) Safety needs
8) Which of the following is the lowest level of need in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
a) Esteem needs
b) Physiological needs
c) Social needs
d) Safety needs
9) The lower-order needs of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include physiological, safety, and
________.
a) esteem needs
b) self-actualization needs
c) psychological needs
d) social needs
10) The higher-order needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include self-actualization and
________.
a) esteem needs
b) physiological needs
c) shelter needs
d) social needs
11) According to Alderfer’s ERG theory, ________ are desires for physiological and material
well-being.
a) growth needs
b) existence needs
c) psychological needs
d) self-actualization needs
12) According to Alderfer’s ERG theory, ________ are desires for satisfying interpersonal
relationships.
a) social needs
b) existence needs
c) relatedness needs
d) self-actualization needs
13) According to the ________ of Alderfer’s ERG theory, an already-satisfied lower-level need
can become reactivated when a higher-level need cannot be satisfied.
a) deficit principle
b) frustration-regression principle
c) progression principle
d) existence principle
14) Which of the following are the two factors in Herzberg’s two-factor theory?
a) Satisfier factor and achievement factor
b) Achievement factor and hygiene factor
c) Hygiene factor and satisfier factor
d) Recognition factor and satisfier factor
15) According to Herzberg, ________ that are part of job context are working conditions,
organizational policies, and salary.
a) satisfier factors
b) intrinsic factors
c) physiological factors
d) hygiene factors
16) According to Herzberg, ________ that are part of job content are a sense of achievement,
recognition, responsibility, advancement, or personal growth.
a) extrinsic factors
b) satisfier factors
c) physiological factors
d) hygiene factors
17) According to Herzberg, ________ influence job dissatisfaction.
a) motivating factors
b) intrinsic factors
c) satisfier factors
d) hygiene factors
18) All of the following are satisfier factors EXCEPT:
a) Recognition
b) Salary
c) Personal growth
d) Achievement
19) ________ is the practice of designing jobs rich in content that offers opportunities for higher-
order need satisfaction.
a) Job hunting
b) Job design
c) Job manipulation
d) Job enrichment
20) The three needs in McClelland’s acquired needs theory are the need for achievement,
________, and affiliation.
a) esteem
b) safety
c) self-actualization
d) power
21) According to McClelland’s acquired needs theory, the need for ________ is the desire to do
something better, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks.
a) power
b) achievement
c) recognition
d) affiliation
22) According to McClelland’s acquired needs theory, the need for ________ is the desire to
control, influence, or be responsible for other people.
a) power
b) achievement
c) recognition
d) affiliation
23) According to McClelland’s acquired needs theory, the need for ________ is the desire to
establish and maintain good relations with people.
a) power
b) achievement
c) recognition
d) affiliation
24) Johan, an employee at Petro Refining Center, was found smoking in the refinery. His
manager imposed a wage cut on him for violating major safety rules. The wage cut in this
scenario best exemplifies ________.
a) valence
b) extinction
c) a punishment
d) a reward
25) The process of allocating specific work tasks to individuals and groups is called ________.
a) job content
b) job design
c) job enrichment
d) job enlargement
26) The process of increasing job content by adding work planning and evaluating duties
normally performed by a supervisor is called ________.
a) job content
b) job design
c) job enrichment
d) job identity
27) The degree to which a job has substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
elsewhere in an organization or in the external environment is called ________.
a) autonomy
b) task significance
c) task identity
d) skill variety
28) The degree to which a job requires completion of a “whole” and identifiable piece of work,
one that involves doing a job from beginning to end with a visible outcome is called ________.
a) autonomy
b) task significance
c) task identity
d) skill variety
29) Which of the following job characteristics is described as the degree to which a job gives
individual freedom, independence, and discretion in scheduling work and in choosing procedures
for carrying it out?
a) Autonomy
b) Task significance
c) Task identity
d) Skill variety
30) In the context of the core characteristics model, ________ is the degree to which work
activities required by a job result in the individual obtaining direct and clear information on his
or her performance.
a) autonomy
b) job feedback
c) job satisfaction
d) skill variety
31) Vroom offers an approach to understand motivation with the following equation:
Motivation = Expectancy Instrumentality ________.
a) Outcome
b) Results
c) Valence
d) Goals
32) In Vroom’s expectancy equation, the term expectancy represents ________.
a) the value a person assigns to work-related outcomes
b) a person’s belief that working hard will result in high task performance
c) the amount of monetary gain a person expects out of specific task performance
d) a person’s belief that various outcomes will occur as a result of task performance
33) In Vroom’s expectancy theory, ________ is a person’s belief that various outcomes will
occur as a result of task performance.
a) expectancy
b) valence
c) instrumentality
d) achievement
34) In Vroom’s expectancy equation, which of the following terms represents the value a person
assigns to work-related outcomes?
a) Expectancy
b) Valence
c) Instrumentality
d) Achievement
35) According to Vroom’s expectancy theory, in order to maximize expectancy, a manager
should do all of the following EXCEPT:
a) Assume that people will work hard to get promoted
b) Select people with the right abilities for the jobs to be done
c) Provide workers with the best training and development
d) Support workers with resources
36) ________ is a person’s belief that they are capable of performing a task.
a) Self-esteem
b) Self-efficacy
c) Self-realization
d) Self-acceptance
37) According to Vroom’s expectancy theory, in order to have high and positive valences, people
must _______.
a) believe in their abilities
b) value the outcomes associated with high performance
c) perceive rewards as being equitable
d) perceive that their performance accomplishments will be followed by desired work outcomes
38) Locke’s goal–setting theory suggests that ________ goals can be motivating if they are the
right goals and they are set in the right way.
a) easy
b) equity
c) valence
d) task