Chapter 12 The Situation Answer Key
True / False Questions
1.
(p. 482)
Leaders and followers often overlook how changing the situation can help them to change
their behavior.
2.
(p. 484)
Researchers advocating the situational viewpoint believed leaders were made, not born.
3.
(p. 486)
Task autonomy is the degree to which a job provides individuals with some control over
what they do and how they do it.
4.
(p. 487)
Solving a morale problem exemplifies a structured task.
Type: Knowledge
5.
(p. 487)
Type: Knowledge
With the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, judgers prefer activities that are unstructured.
6.
(p. 488)
Type: Knowledge
Tasks with high levels of interdependence require leaders to use their organizing,
planning, directing, and communication skills.
7.
(p. 489)
Type: Vocabulary
According to Heifetz, technical problems can only be solved by changing the system itself,
while adaptive problems do not require changes to the social system.
8.
(p. 491)
In the information age, companies primarily succeed according to how well they can
capture the benefits from “economies of scale and scope”.
Type: Knowledge
9.
(p. 491)
Competitive advantage in one generation of a product’s life is no guarantee of success for
future generations of that product.
10.
(p. 492)
Leaders at higher organizational levels spend most of their time and effort implementing
policies and procedures.
11.
(p. 494)
Greater horizontal complexity is associated with an increased likelihood for
communication breakdowns between subunits.
12.
(p. 494)
The degree of formalization in an organization tends to vary with its size.
13.
(p. 494)
Spatial complexity makes it easier for leaders to have face-to-face communication with
subordinates and to provide personal support and encouragement.
14.
(p. 495)
According to Kerr and Jermier, a cohesive work group may provide a substitute for the
leader’s task and relationship behavior.
15.
(p. 496)
Organizational climate is partly a function of organizational culture.
16.
(p. 496)
In general, job satisfaction has more to do with non-task perceptions of work, such as
feelings about co-workers, while organizational climate relates to perceptions of workload
and the nature of the tasks involved.
17.
(p. 497)
Organizational culture can be better understood by considering an organization’s symbols,
rituals, and language.
18.
(p. 498)
Leaders can change an organization’s culture by attending to or ignoring problems.
19.
(p. 499)
Independent leadership cultures are characterized by widespread beliefs and practices
that leadership is a collective activity requiring mutual inquiry and learning.
20.
(p. 503)
Market cultures are characterized by a high degree of flexibility and discretion and a focus
on the internal environment.
Multiple Choice Questions
21.
(p. 485)
Role theory clarifies how situational demands and constraints cause:
22.
(p. 486)
Jeff works as a self-employed consultant. He decides when, where, and how he works
based on market demand and personal preference. Jeff’s job most likely has a high degree
of task:
23.
(p. 487)
There is a known procedure for accomplishing a task and rules governing how one goes
about it. If these rules are followed, there is one result. These features most likely
characterize:
Type: Knowledge
24.
(p. 487)
A leader trying to solve a morale problem in the workplace is most likely facing a task that
is:
Type: Knowledge
25.
(p. 487)
Type: Knowledge
Which of the following statements about unstructured tasks is most likely FALSE?
26.
(p. 488)
Workers may be able to accomplish their tasks in an autonomous fashion, but the
products of their efforts must be coordinated in order for the group to be successful. This
refers to:
27.
(p. 489)
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an adaptive problem?
28.
(p. 491)
The information age organization operates with integrated business processes that cut
across traditional business functions. This concerns which operating assumption
underlying the information age?
Type: Knowledge
29.
(p. 491)
Industrial age companies prospered by offering low-cost but standardized products and
services. This pertains to:
Type: Knowledge
30.
(p. 493)
Type: Knowledge
The organizational structure is best described as:
31.
(p. 494)
Typically, greater horizontal complexity is associated with:
32.
(p. 495)
Which of the following is an advantage of decentralized organizations?
33.
(p. 496)
Organizational climate is best described as:
34.
(p. 502)
Organizations with a _____ culture tend to have formalized rules and procedures.
35.
(p. 503)
Which of the following types of culture has roots that mean “temporary or specialized”?
36.
(p. 511)
Which of the following statements concerning societal culture is most likely FALSE?
37.
(p. 513)
According to the GLOBE study, societies higher on future orientation tend to:
38.
(p. 513)
GLOBE researchers identified six cultural dimensions that were determined to be
applicable across all global cultures for assessing culturally endorsed implicit theories of
leadership (CLTs). Which of the following is NOT one of those dimensions?
39.
(p. 515)
According to GLOBE, which of the following is universally viewed as a negative leader
attribute?
40.
(p. 515)
According to GLOBE, which of the following behaviors is culturally contingent?
Essay Questions
41.
(p. 485)
Briefly explain the fundamental premises of Hunt and Osborn’s multiple-influence model.
42.
(p. 487-
488)
Define task structure. Describe the leadership style(s) needed to train and supervise a
new worker on a job with high task structure.
43.
(p. 487)
What is task feedback? What factors about task feedback are important for leaders to
consider?
44.
(p. 488)
Define task interdependence and describe the leadership style for jobs with high
interdependence.
Type: Knowledge
45.
(p. 492)
Explain how level of authority affects leaders’ and followers’ behavior.
Type: Knowledge
46.
(p. 494)
Describe organizational complexity and the three dimensions on which it can be
measured.
47.
(p. 494)
Define formalization and discuss its advantages and disadvantages for leaders and
followers.
48.
(p. 495-
496)
Differentiate between organizational culture and organizational climate.
49.
(p. 499)
What are leadership cultures? Describe the characteristics of dependent, independent,
and interdependent leadership cultures.
50.
(p. 513)
GLOBE researchers identified six dimensions that were determined to be applicable
across all global cultures for assessing culturally endorsed implicit theories of leadership
(CLTs). Identify and discuss five of these dimensions and how they are used to categorize
societies.