134.
A Scanlon plan is a type of ______ compensation plan.
135.
Because the production division at Heavenly Gates Inc. is $10,000 below budget due to
process improvements, this year 30% of the savings will be returned to the division to spend
as desired, as a form of _____.
12–79
136.
Daniel teaches sixth grade at a local elementary school. He significantly increased his salary
by earning a master’s degree in education. This is an example of _____.
137.
Which of the following is not a practice used to create a flexible workplace?
Essay Questions
138.
What is motivation, and why is it important for managers to understand how motivation works?
What do managers need to motivate people to do?
139.
Explain a need-based perspective on motivation. Identify two of this type of theory, and list the
needs that each includes.
140.
Briefly explain McClelland’s acquired needs theory. How should managers use this model to
motivate employees? What do you think your levels are of the needs that McClelland
identified? Explain why.
141.
Explain the difference between motivating factors and hygiene factors in Herzberg‘s theory of
motivation. Give examples of each, preferably from your own experience. How should a
manager use this distinction in trying to motivate employees?
142.
Explain equity theory, and discuss how managers can use this model to help motivate
workers. Give an example from your own experience of an inequitable situation, and use it to
illustrate how people react to such circumstances.
143.
Explain expectancy theory, and discuss how managers can use this model to help motivate
employees.
144.
Choose a job you have held or that you know about. Analyze its characteristics, according to
the job characteristics model. If you managed employees with this job, what could you do to
increase its motivational potential?
145.
Explain the job characteristics model. Include job characteristics, psychological states,
outcomes, and contingency factors.
146.
Define and explain the four types of reinforcement, including their effect on behavior. Give
examples of each from your own experiences.
147.
Explain at least four of the six types of compensation plans, giving examples of each. Which
type would be most motivating to you? Why?
148.
List at least four ways how employees who feel they are being underrewarded might respond
to the perceived inequity according to equity theory.
149.
List three major steps to follow when applying the job characteristics model.
150.
Define the self-determination theory and list the three innate needs that influences behavior
and well-being.
151.
What are the two assumptions on which fitting jobs to people is based? List two techniques for
this type of job design.
152.
Explain goal-setting theory and how goals should be set according to the theory.
153.
List and define each of the five core job characteristics.
154.
How should managers use positive reinforcement to motivate?
155.
Distinguish between the two types of rewards and provide an example of each.
156.
Why do employees leave? What are some nonmonetary ways of compensating and retaining
employees?
157.
Define expectancy theory and list and define the three elements affecting motivation.
158.
List at least four reasons why knowledge of motivation important to managers.