148.
Misperception often operating among investors (even professionals), who are more likely to
buy a stock if they see something about it in the news or if it has a high one-day return, are
experiencing __________.
149.
______ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands,
constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively.
150.
As a manager, when you expect employees to perform badly, they probably will, and when
you expect them to perform well, they probably will. This is referred to as _____.
151.
When others’ expectations exceed one’s ability, ______ has occurred.
152.
You have important clients in town who want to have dinner with you, but your mother has a
plumbing leak and has asked you to come over and shut off the water until she can get it fixed
tomorrow. You are experiencing _____.
153.
Which of the following is not a symptom of negative stress?
154.
______ is a state of emotional, mental, and even physical exhaustion, expressed as
listlessness, indifference, or frustration.
155.
Which of the following is the most common drug of abuse?
156.
A(n) ______ program includes plans to help employees cope with stress, burnout, substance
abuse, health problems, and family issues that influence job performance.
157.
Which of the following is not a suggested strategy for reducing unhealthy stressors in
organizations?
Essay Questions
158.
List three work-related attitudes that managers need to be alert to.
159.
Identify and define the Big Five personality dimensions. Which of these are related to job
performance? Describe how you would rate yourself on each of these dimensions, and explain
why.
160.
Define locus of control, self-efficacy, and self-esteem. Explain how a manager might deal with
each of these personality traits at work. Describe how you would rate yourself on each of
these dimensions, and explain why.
161.
Define attitude and its three components. Give an example statement that illustrates each
component of attitude.
162.
Define cognitive dissonance. Describe the conditions under which people are more likely to try
to reduce it, and ways that people do this. Give an example of a time when you felt cognitive
dissonance in your own life, and describe how you dealt with it.
163.
Define the four types of distortion in perception. Provide an example of each.
164.
Define the Pygmalion effect. Explain how could it be used in a positive way by managers.
165.
Define employee engagement. What type of employee is likely to be engaged, and what can
an organization do to promote this?
166.
Describe the four layers of diversity in Gardenswartz and Rowe’s diversity wheel. Provide a
definition of the center layer, and an example of each of the other layers.
167.
Name and describe at least four major barriers to organizational diversity.
168.
Define role overload, role conflict, and role ambiguity. Give examples of each from your own
experience.
169.
Name and describe at least four ways managers can reduce stressors that lead to employee
burnout.
170.
Describe the three types of symptoms of negative stress and provide examples of each.
171.
Define stress and describe at least four sources of stress on the job.
172.
Define emotional intelligence and describe the traits of EI.
173.
Is there any way to raise your own emotional intelligence, and if so, how?
174.
Define the recency effect and provide examples.
175.
Define the two attributional tendencies that can distort one’s interpretation of observed
behavior—fundamental attribution bias and self-serving bias, and provide examples of each.
176.
Define stereotyping and name and describe three types of stereotyping.
177.
Define job satisfaction and describe its components and key correlates.
178.
A manager needs to learn how to manage individual differences. List four types of behavior
that a manager needs to influence employees to do their best work.