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In terms of police corruption, the so-called "Queensland model" has become the most
well-known:
a. ethical model
b. integrity model
c. utilitarian model
d. critical model
Which ethical system embraces human's inclination for self-preservation?
a. ethical formalism
b. natural law
c. ethics of care
d. ethics of virtue
The first offender has been found guilty of burglary and larceny for the third time. The
report tells you that the offender's previous sentences were probation for the first
offense and 14 days in jail for the second. You determine that the offender has not
learned his lesson after the first two convictions, and you intend to send him a message
with this sentence. Accordingly, you sentence him to the maximum allowed under the
guidelines. Because you imposed this long sentence to try to teach this individual a
lesson, so that he will not choose to offend again in the future, your sentence is an
attempt at:
a. general deterrence
b. specific deterrence
c. rehabilitation
d. incapacitation
In relation to community policing and ethics, all of the following is true except:
a. Community policing ethical issues arise from the closer relationships formed with
community members.
b. There is evidence that there is more corruption in community policing models than
with traditional law enforcement.
c. Community policing reduces cynicism and burnout which may reduce corruption.
d. Community policing may increase the potential for gratuities.
Rawls's veil of ignorance states that:
a. Welfare should be given to the least advantaged or ignorant in our society.
b. One must be ignorant of their own position in society in order to make just decisions.
c. Ignorance results in unfairness.
d. Because we are ignorant of God's plan, equal distribution of goods is the most just.
Souryal legally defines _____________________ as the use of oppression or extralegal
methods, and ethically, as the failure of officers to demonstrate compassion or keep a
promise.
a. Malfeasance
b. Corruption
c. Abuse
d. nonfeasance
The halo effect refers to:
a. the phenomenon in which a defendant is seen as innocent and nave
b. the phenomenon in which a person with expertise or status in one area is given
deference in all areas
c. the phenomenon in which the defense attorney is given deference even when he is
clearly stretching the truth
d. the phenomenon in which the witness is a member of the clergy
Mary decides to report the crime that she observed, even though it will mean that her
fellow officers will lose their jobs and might also be prosecuted. She has decided that
the other officers brought this upon themselves; they WERE originally worthy of her
loyalty, but lost that loyalty through their own actions. This illustrates:
a. ethical formalism
b. egoism
c. principle of forfeiture
d. principle of the golden mean
The classic father confessor approach to interrogations involves:
a. physical force in the form of beatings to get a confession
b. a sympathetic figure for the defendant to confide to
c. a nice guy and a seemingly brutal, threatening officer
d. a nice guy and a seemingly uncaring, withdrawn officer
The Prison Litigation Reform Act of 1996 (PLRA):
a. drastically curtailed the ability of inmates to file lawsuits
b. drastically curtailed the ability of correctional facilities to file lawsuits against
inmates
c. drastically increased inmates' ability to file lawsuits
d. drastically increased attorney's fees
The judge assigned to the case is facing re-election in a few months. You have been
informed that the defense attorney is planning to make a contribution to the judge's
campaign fund, so you make a motion for recusal. The judge denies your motion.
Which of the following is correct about this situation?
a. It is common for attorneys to contribute to the campaigns of judges in whose courts
they practice
b. It is illegal for the defense attorney to actually make such a donation
c. While it is technically legal, it is rare for a judge to accept a campaign donation from
an attorney who practices in his court
d. The defendant must approve, on the record, any such donation
Which of the following is not one of the types of officers identified by R. Johnson?
a. Counselors
b. Time-servers
c. The violence-prone
d. Physicians
Which of the following is not one of Souryal's types of probation and parole officers?
a. punitive law enforcer
b. bureaucratic paper pusher
c. welfare/therapeutic worker
d. passive time server
Which of the following best describes a situation in which one person must make a
decision about what to do?
a. ethical issues
b. ethical dilemmas
c. ethical ruse
d. ethical crisis
"Penal harm" refers to the idea that the system:
a. intentionally inflicts pain on offenders during their imprisonment, because merely
depriving them of liberty is not considered sufficiently painful
b. must provide additional pain in order for offenders to be truly rehabilitated
c. should focus its efforts in reducing harm and increasing rehabilitative programs
d. should allow corporal punishment but not cause permanent harm
Which of the following is not an example of an ethical issue as described in the text?
a. what laws to pass
b. what sentences to attach to certain crimes
c. whether to abolish the death penalty
d. whether you should use marijuana for medicinal purposes
Which of the following is not one of the three types of prison abuse identified by
Bomse?
a. malicious or purposeful abuse
b. negligent abuse
c. systematic or budgetary abuse
d. intentional sexual abuse
The Eighth Amendment protects all Americans from:
a. illegal search and seizure.
b. cruel and unusual punishment.
c. due process and double jeopardy.
d. trial by jury.
The strongest ethical argument against undercover officers having intimate relationships
with suspects comes from:
a. utilitarianism
b. ethical formalism
c. ethics of care
d. religion
The goals of community reparative boards include all the following except:
a. promote citizen ownership of process
b. provide an opportunity for the offender to take personal responsibility
c. provide opportunity for victims and community members to confront offenders in a
constructive manner
d. provide an opportunity for the community to enact changes in the law to match their
local customs
The reasons for false convictions discussed in your text include all except:
a. perjury by informants
b. "junk science"
c. false confessions
d. gender bias
The country's main industries are tourism and petroleum. A group representing the
hospitality industry is participating in the law review process, as are groups
representing the oil companies and military. The result of the process is that new laws
allow the country's hotels to add casinos (but only to be patronized by foreign visitors).
Other new laws remove workplace restrictions for the oil companies and impose a
requirement for all able-bodies males to serve in the military for two years. This
scenario describes:
a. the conflict paradigm
b. the consensus paradigm
c. the pluralist paradigm
d. the Marxist paradigm
Anthony Walsh describes the following types of humans in his illustration of justice as
a result of evolution, except:
a. "cheaters"
b. "grudgers"
c. 'suckers"
d. "judgers"
The retributive rationale postulates that:
a. punishment is an end in itself
b. punishment is a means rather than an end
c. punishment is not and should not be the only response to crime
d. punishment is never an option
According to Souryal's typology, which type of probation and parole officers may need
to think about natural law rights of privacy and autonomy?
a. punitive law enforcer
b. bureaucratic paper pusher
c. welfare/therapeutic worker
d. passive time server
A deontological response to the situation would require Larry to:
a. remain passive, regardless of the consequences
b. pray for guidance
c. fight hard against the robber, regardless of the injury he might inflict
d. only be concerned with protecting himself
Ethical leaders should foster personal relationships with their subordinates in order to
facilitate:
a. caring
b. modeling
c. knowledge of weaknesses
d. friendship
In Barker and Carter's proposed typology of lies, tolerated lies are:
a. those that are "necessary evils"
b. used to control the person
c. those used during undercover investigations
d. never acceptable in police work
While __________________ justice involves the concept of just deserts,
__________________ justice concerns the steps we must take before administering
punishment.
a. procedural; substantive
b. substantive; distributive
c. substantive; procedural
d. procedural; distributive
In terms of undercover operations, ethical formalism would most likely:
a. condemn undercover operations where innocent people are deceived because the
actions could not be justified under the categorical imperative.
b. support undercover operations even if innocent people are deceived or involved in
any other way.
c. support undercover operations under any circumstances.
d. allow undercover operations only if the general community supported them at that
time.
More than half of the Presidents of the United States have been lawyers.
Describe and discuss Kohlberg's moral development theory. What problems do critics
see with his theory?
Answer:answer not provided
Marxist theories state that resources should be distributed according to what one needs,
rather than what one deserves.
What are some ways to reduce corruption in the prison environment?
Answer:answer not provided
A judge may recuse himself or herself from a case for any reason.
According to the concept of ______________________ humans naturally and
inherently seek self-interest, and that they can do nothing else because it is their nature.
What are the implications of Zimbardo's prison experiment concerning the potential
behavior of correctional officers?
Answer:answer not provided
Discuss what jury consultants do and why they have been criticized.
Answer:answer not provided
Expert testimony is allowed as evidence in trials when it is based on sound scientific
method subject to peer review or testing, and the expert has appropriate knowledge,
skill, and training. This is known as the ____________ standard.
Describe Sherman's police "values."
Answer:answer not provided
Procedural justice necessarily produces substantive justice.
According to the text, only approximately one percent of investigations into attorney
misconduct result in disbarment.
According to a Justice Department study in 2002, 85 percent of inmates were charged
with at least one serious crime within three years of being released.
Compare and contrast the crime control approach and the rights-based approach of law
enforcement.
Answer:answer not provided
It is difficult for a lawyer to withdraw from representing a client.
