Which of the following refers to the lawful authority of a court to hear or to act on a
case from its beginning and to pass judgment on the law and the facts?
a. appellate jurisdiction
b. overlapping jurisdiction
c. original jurisdiction
d. limited jurisdiction
Transfer hearings are held in ________.
a. appellate courts
b. adult courts
c. juvenile courts
d. family group conferences
At the preliminary hearing, the judge will ________.
a. decide whether the case should go to trial
b. ask the defendant to enter a plea
c. tell the suspects of the charges against them
d. seek to determine whether there is probable cause
Who is the final arbiter of the actual sentence served in a state that relies on an
indeterminate sentencing scheme?
a. the prosecutor
b. the parole board
c. the governor
d. the judge
To elicit a confession, police departments cannot hire professionals skilled in the art of
psychological manipulation because of the decision in the case of ________.
a. Arizona v. Fulminate
b. Escobedo v. Illinois
c. Leyra v. Denno
d. Miranda v. Arizona
The increasing formalization of police work and the accompanying rise in public
acceptance of the police is known as ________.
a. police ethics
b. police professionalism
c. intelligence-led policing
d. criminal intelligence
Which type of law covers practices in the areas of customs, immigration, and product
safety?
a. procedural law
b. administrative law
c. natural law
d. criminal law
Which era is said to have grown out of national concerns with terrorism prevention?
a. reform era
b. political era
c. community policing era
d. new era
The legalistic style of policing ________.
a. is marked by the order-maintenance function of the police
b. requires police action in disruptive situations even if no law is broken
c. enforces the letter of the law
d. seeks to legalize controversial forms of deviant behavior
The Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics is published by the ________.
a. Office for Crime Data
b. Bureau of Justice Statistics
c. Department of Justice Research
d. Bureau of Criminal Justice Surveys
Which type of sentence requires that offenders serve weekends in jail and receive
probation supervision during the week?
a. mixed sentence
b. shared sentence
c. split sentence
d. diverse sentence
Approximately 50% of hate crimes are motivated by ________.
a. religious bias
b. national origin
c. sexual orientation
d. racial hatred
Which Supreme Court case upheld the constitutionality of the federal sentencing
guidelines?
a. Coker v. Georgia
b. Coleman v. Thompson
c. Furman v. Georgia
d. Mistretta v. U.S.
The information compiled, analyzed, and/or disseminated in an effort to anticipate,
prevent, or monitor criminal activity is known as ________.
a. criminal intelligence
b. antiterrorism
c. police ethics
d. intelligence-led policing
Which of the following is a just deserts perspective that emphasizes taking revenge on a
criminal perpetrator or group of offenders?
a. deterrence
b. retribution
c. restoration
d. rehabilitation
What strategy is designed to increase the productivity of patrol officers through the
application of scientific analysis and evaluation of patrol techniques?
a. analytical patrol
b. supervised patrol
c. centralized patrol
d. directed patrol
Bob is accused of stealing a car. His court case is handled informally, quickly, and in
private. The court that heard Bob’s case ________.
a. was probably an adult court
b. is most concerned with Bob’s due-process rights
c. was probably a juvenile court
d. probably granted Bob a jury trial
Suits formally requesting that the person detaining a prisoner bring him or her before a
judicial officer to determine the lawfulness of the imprisonment are called ________.
a. writs of federal action
b. writs of habeas corpus
c. writs of mandamus
d. ex post facto writs
A high percentage of juvenile offenders who are held in confinement are ________.
a. female
b. charged with homicide
c. male and African American
d. status offenders
The most cited reason why rape victims do NOT report crimes is ________.
a. embarrassment about the crime itself
b. a fear of reprisal
c. the belief that the police can”t do anything
d. exploitation by the criminal justice system
Which policing strategy reorganizes conventional patrol strategies into integrated and
versatile police teams assigned to a fixed district?
a. team policing
b. community policing
c. problem-solving policing
d. strategic policing
Which Supreme Court case provided a balancing test as the guideline for most inmate
rights cases?
a. Howes v.Fields
b. Wilkinson v.Austin
c. Porter v.Nussle
d. Pell v. Procunier
Civil death refers to ________.
a. the deprivation of constitutional due-process rights
b. the racial segregation of prisoners in double cells
c. the denial of the right to vote, to hold public office, and to marry
d. the refusal to accommodate an inmate’s right to religious practice
Which of the following is NOT a classification of burglary according to the
UCR/NIBRS Program?
a. forcible entry
b. lawful entry where force is used
c. unlawful entry where no force is used
d. attempted forcible entry
Community policing is best characterized by which of the following?
a. providing service to citizens
b. providing assistance to federal agencies
c. providing strict law enforcement to the community
d. police officers being primarily concerned with political interests
A BJS survey found the majority of both state- and county-based public defender
offices ________.
a. employed private attorneys
b. had appropriately sized caseloads
c. paid their attorneys over $80,000 a year
d. employed substantially fewer than needed support staff
Which of the following sentences is a prisoner reentry strategy?
a. community service
b. probation
c. restitution
d. parole
Which Supreme Court era is remembered for its concern with protecting the innocent
against massive power of the state in criminal proceedings?
a. Warren Court
b. Roberts Court
c. Burger Court
d. Rehnquist Court
Approximately ________ of all state-level felony defendants are released before trial.
a. 83%
b. 57 %
c. 91%
d. 10%
The use of prison chain gangs, the abolition of parole, and an emphasis on individual
responsibility and punishment are aspects of the ________ model of imprisonment.
a. federal
b. justice
c. penitentiary
d. community-based
A common law principle that allows the state to assume a parental role and to take
custody of a child when he or she is in need of care the natural parents are unwilling or
unable to provide, is called ________.
a. status offense
b. stare decisis
c. parens patriae
d. In re Gault
________ states eliminated the use of parole and created explicit standards to specify
the amount of punishment appropriate for a given offense.
a. Mandatory
b. Indeterminate
c. Presumptive
d. Determinate
The U.S. Supreme Court approved a two-step trial procedure in the case of Gregg v.
Georgia pertaining to ________.
a. death penalty cases
b. felonies
c. alternative sentencing
d. writs of habeas corpus
When the defendant is incapable of understanding the nature of charges and
proceedings, he will be declared ________.
a. incompetent to stand trial
b. guilty but physically ill
c. guilty but insane
d. of diminished capacity
Less-lethal weapons are those that are designed to disable, capture, or immobilize a
suspect rather than kill him or her.
When using phone taps, police must stop monitoring the call when it becomes obvious
the conversation is innocent.
New York’s first “house of refuge” in the 1820s was intended to shelter the most serious
juvenile delinquents in the city.
List and explain the four steps in the pretrial activities.
Peremptory challenges are limited in number.
Forcible rape is the least reported violent crime.
The Prison Litigation Reform Act requires judges to screen all inmate complaints
against the federal government and to immediately dismiss those deemed frivolous or
without merit.
Define and analyze the relationship between traditional policing and the role of private
security in America and the world today.
A peremptory challenge allows attorneys to remove potential jurors, but the attorneys
must give a reason for doing so.
An offense that has been completed is called an inchoate offense.
Although defendants have the right to an attorney at trial, the U.S. Supreme Court has
not extended this right to be represented by counsel at a first appearance.
In 2002, President George W. Bush signed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which intended to
deter corporate fraud and to hold business executives accountable for their actions.
The primary concern of correctional officers today is the effective rehabilitation of
inmates.
The U.S. Supreme Court established the public safety exception to the Miranda rule in
New York v. Quarles.
What are your opinions concerning the probation and parole systems in place today? Do
you believe the systems are working properly today or can we improve on them? Cite
and analyze examples to support your beliefs.
Quality-of-life offenses are major law violations such as murder.
The aftereffects of a sexual assault in prison are short-term.
Most police officers who are shot and killed are killed in shoot-outs with three or more
gunmen.
Compare and contrast the three main components of the criminal justice system.