Laws that require offenders to serve a substantial proportion of their sentence before
being released as known as:
a. Truth-in-sentencing laws
b. Mandatory sentencing laws
c. Indeterminate sentencing laws
d. Determinate sentencing laws
e. Good time laws
Which of the following has not been a factor in the recent growth of the private security
industry?
a. budgetary constraints upon the states
b. fear of crime
c. an increase in the number of people wanting to become police officers
d. an increase in crimes in the workplace
e. an increase in public and business awareness
Which of the following is not considered a step of the trial process?
a. jury selection
b. opening statements
c. presentation of evidence
d. closing arguments
e. sentencing
Programs, services, facilities, and organizations responsible for the management of
people who have been convicted of criminal offenses.
a. Corrections
b. law enforcement
c. courts
d. penitentiary
e. decisions
Deputy Nelson is a captain for a jail in the county in which he lives. He has seen many
changes in his twenty-five year career. As he nears retirement, his supervisor wants his
input for changes he would like to see made for the new generation of employees.
Deputy Nelson is constantly amazed that so many individuals come through the jail
daily. How many individuals sit in jail in a given day?
a. around a million
b. close to 500,000
c. 250,000
d. 150,000
e. 750,000
Upon release, most inmates are unemployed and have difficulty finding jobs. What
group is most likely to be unemployed in the United States, regardless of whether
they”ve served time in prison?
a. male Caucasians under the age of 30
b. male Hispanics under the age of 30
c. male African Americans under the age of 30
d. male African Americans aged 30 or over
e. male Hispanics aged 30 or over
More than a third of prisoners released to parole are incarcerated for:
a. robbery
b. rape
c. drugs
d. arson
e. murder
The type of crime, often termed ‘street crime” or “ordinary crime,” involving criminal
acts that are the least profitable and least protected is also known as:
a. political crime
b. crimes without victims
c. visible crime
d. organized crime
e. occupational crime
Because the fourth amendment protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures
by all law enforcement officials, evidence found through improper searches or seizures
must be:
a. included
b. excluded
c. incorporated
d. inventoried
e. cataloged
The FBI’s CAT initiative stands for:
a. Counsel At Transition
b. Criminals And Technology
c. Cyber Action Team
d. Crime And Terrorism
e. Creative Assessment of Targets
A trial that has only a judge, who acts as fact finder and determines the issue of law in
the particular case is known as a(n):
a. public trial
b. bench trial
c. jury trial
d. closed trial
e. open trial
In which of the following cases was the exclusionary rule originated?
a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
b. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
c. Minnesota v. Dickerson (1993)
d. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
e. Weeks v. U. S. (1914)
Which of the following statements about the bail system is true?
a. Bail discriminates against the less affluent members of society.
b. Bail bondspersons cannot deny bail to defendants if they can pay at least ten percent
of the entire bail amount.
c. Police officers are never allowed to influence the bail decision.
d. Bail bondspersons are non-profit employees of the state.
e. Defendants retain a constitutional right to be released on bail.
Which of the following models allows officers to obtain off-duty employment with
permission from their department?
a. officer contract model
b. conflict of interest model
c. union brokerage model
d. department contract model
e. public-private interface model
A source of crime data from interviews conducted to gather on unreported as well as
reported crimes is called:
a. the National Crime Victimization Survey
b. the National Burglary Registry
c. the Uniform Crime Reports
d. the National Incident-Based Reporting System
e. the Bureau of Information Systems
The model of corrections which emphasizes security, discipline, and order:
a. custodial model
b. rehabilitation model
c. reintegration model
d. family model
e. community model
Jean Luetin sets on the governor’s committee on corrections and community welfare.
She is to work with this panel to decrease the state’s prison population. She and the
other board members do not see things eye to eye. Ms. Luetin feels that this is going to
be quite the challenge, but will take advantage of every opportunity to improve the
correctional facility.
The committee decided that regardless of what they do, they have to make sure they do
not do anything that would cause a lawsuit, which is allowed by this landmark court
case:
a. Cooper v. Pate (1964)
b. Gagnon v. Scarpelli (1973)
c. Hudson v. Palmer (1984)
d. Morrissey v. Brewer (1972)
e. Wolff v. McDonnell (1974)
Jean Luetin sets on the governor’s committee on corrections and community welfare.
She is to work with this panel to decrease the state’s prison population. She and the
other board members do not see things eye to eye. Ms. Luetin feels that this is going to
be quite the challenge, but will take advantage of every opportunity to improve the
correctional facility.
The first point of contention with the board members came when Ms. Luetin discussed
the fact that incarceration rates and crime rates always matched. Is Ms. Luetin correct
when she says that incarceration rates and crime rates always match?
a. No, crime rates and incarceration rates can be different
b. No, but they are always within five percentage points
c. No, but they are always within ten percentage points
d. Yes, they are always the same
e. Yes, they are only the same for females
Chief James Monroe is reviewing the recently approved city council budget, which may
require a reduction in staff. He is in the process of determining, what, if any other
measures can be taken to reduce fiscal spending. The department serves an upper
middle class community, which typically is not favorable towards a lack of resources.
Chief Monroe has also determined that he will reorganize the number and amount of
supervisors, which will impact the:
a. Police policy
b. Chain of command
c. Special units
d. Bureaucracy
e. Policy
When offenders who commit a specific crime are required to serve a minimum period
of incarceration before release, it is known as:
a. indeterminate sentencing
b. presumptive sentencing
c. preemptive sentencing
d. mandatory sentencing
e. preventive sentencing
As you are formulating the application process, you are having a difficult time
determining if you want to require a college degree for your correctional officers. What
would be one benefit of having educated officers?
a. loyalty
b. honesty
c. promotional ability
d. integrity
e. self esteem
The view held by local court officials as to the proper sentence, given the characteristics
of the case, is known as the:
a. normative level
b. going rate
c. sentencing market
d. local rate
e. work group
Thirty percent of people under correctional care are represented in this most visible
penalty:
a. probation
b. incarceration
c. parole
d. shock probation
e. death
Which of the following has research shown as being a risk factor in exposure to crime?
a. Low income city dwellers
b. Age
c. Race
d. Gender
e. All of the above are considered risk factors
Jay Boyce is a prosecuting attorney in a small rural area. The town has recently been
the victim of a mass shooting that has received national media attention. Prior to this
case, Jay had only prosecuted one murder.
Mr. Boyce has been informed that many officers and clerks will not vote for him in the
next election unless he seeks the death penalty. This would be considered:
a. local legal culture
b. normative culture
c. belief system culture
d. legalese culture
When a parole officer finds a parolee has committed a technical violation, which of the
following occurs first?
a. shock incarceration of the parolee
b. a revocation hearing
c. revocation of parole
d. the parolee is placed on probation
e. the parolee must admit to the charges
American trial courts are highly decentralized. This means:
a. The federal government dictates their policies
b. The state government runs all trial courts
c. Each jurisdiction decides on how to run their courts
d. Judges and their staff do not share offices
e. Different judges hear the guilt portion of the trial than the sentencing portion
Gia Long is a correctional officer in a state correctional facility. She splits her time
between a female facility and a male facility. Since she started her position, she has
devise several ideas she would like to implement.
Gia would like to implement a classification system for the men in her unit. She would
like to classify each prisons security level. Gia will classify them as:
a. minimum
b. medium
c. maximum
d. super max
e. all of the these
This particular sentence is the most frequently applied criminal justice sanction and
allows the offender to serve his/her sentence in the community under supervision.
a. probation
b. shock probation
c. intensive probation
d. supervisory probation
e. incentive probation
DNA databases are expanding to include more different kinds of offenders from
different jurisdictions (e.g., local, state, federal). How does this increased data
collection affect defendants’ rights according to the Constitution? Discuss which
constitutional amendments are the most likely rights to be infringed upon with
mandatory reporting of DNA.
Answer:Responses will vary
Deputy Nelson is a captain for a jail in the county in which he lives. He has seen many
changes in his twenty-five year career. As he nears retirement, his supervisor wants his
input for changes he would like to see made for the new generation of employees.
Deputy Nelson states that the biggest difference he has witnessed is the increase of this
particular group:
a. illegal immigrants
b. juveniles
c. women
d. men
e. college graduates
The majority of searches take places without a:
a. Search
b. Seizure
c. Warrant
d. Arrest
e. Bail
Natalie Sims has been charged with possession of marijuana in California. Ms. Sims is
confused by this charge because she suffers from multiple sclerosis and has a
prescription for medical marijuana, which is legal in California. She feels sure this has
all been a mistake and does not see the need to retain an attorney for her upcoming
court date.
Natalie’s case is an example of what type of court system?
a. Dual court system
b. Single court system
c. State court system
d. Federal court system
e. Magistrate court system
Indeterminate sentences may encourage convicted offenders to focus upon
rehabilitation.
Explain the difficulties a law enforcement officer who works in internal affairs might
face. Who would they associate with? Would other officers look at them negatively? In
what ways could you improve the relationship?
Answer:Responses will vary
Most felony cases are disposed of by dismissals.
Visible crimes are typically committed by older career criminals.
Due to discretionary release, few inmates serve the full sentence handed down by the
judge at sentencing.
Officials responsible for prosecuting federal crimes are called ____________________.
Why is there generally little support for community corrections? What evidence about
their effectiveness might be helpful to encourage the public to give these programs a
chance?
Answer:Responses will vary
A ____________________ is provided to a judge by a probation officer that discusses
the convicted offender’s background and criminal history.
The function of the police that includes providing first aid and helping people is known
as the ____________________ .
The term “Witherspoon excludable” refers to a prospective juror opposed to executing
the mentally ill.
Review the concepts of system and exchange in describing the criminal justice system.
Explain how plea bargaining benefits the system, and how it demonstrates the exchange
relationships in the criminal justice system.
Answer:Responses will vary
Today’s parolees are _______ than they were in the 1990’s.
An individual whose lifestyle includes visiting nightclubs and staying out late has an
increased risk of victimization over someone who stays home in the evenings.
Seizure by the government of property and other assets is called
____________________.
“Jailing” is a term used to describe an inmate who tries to take advantage of prison
programs to better themselves.
The ________ ________ __________was passed by Congress to expand the federal
government’s ability to conduct searches and surveillance of suspected terrorists.
_________ is a nonprofit organization formed by major law enforcement executive
associations to develop standards for police policies and practice; on request, will
review police agencies and award accreditation upon meeting those standards. .
Geographic concentrations of crime are called __________ ___________.