_______ is the trial stage of the juvenile justice process.
a. Waiver
b. Transfer
c. Disposition
d. Adjudication
The authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts, using
instead one’s own judgment is referred to as
a. exchange
b. due process
c. system
d. discretion
Alan has always wanted to become a law enforcement officer. He has recently applied
to his local sheriff’s department. He holds a bachelor’s degree from his state university
and speaks Spanish as a second language. If hired, he will participate in a 16 week basic
law enforcement course before he goes in the field.
How much money can Alan expect to make as a new recruit based upon current data as
a non collective bargaining department?
a. $33,621
b. $28,376
c. $30,000
d. $34.652
Visible crimes are typically committed by older career criminals in their forties.
a. True
b. False
Sherry is a 40 year old old white female who frequently participates in prostitution to
provide for her crack habit. She was raised in a single parent home and has been selling
herself for the last 18 years. She has been arrested several times and has no hope to
make a better life for herself.
Sherry is arrested for possession with intent to sell after being picked up for
prostitution. The judge agrees to the plea bargain that requires that she pleads guilty to
all charges with a five year prison sentence. She is pushed quickly through the court
system. This would be an example of what model?
a. crime control
b. due process
c. evidence based
d. justice based
Jenna works for the Innocence Project. She is currently working on a case where her
client states that she was wrongly convicted. Jenna has been reviewing the court
transcripts and has determine that the prosecutor seems to have withheld information
that was pertinent to the case. Jenna’s client was sentenced to a 20 year sentence for
murder. She has reduced that sentence by participating in programs and her positive
behavior.
Jenna was able to request and confirm a new test for her client in order to prove her
innocence. She, most likely, is having her client’s _________tested.
a. DNA
b. testimony
c. witness
d. ANA
Over half of probationers have no direct contact with their probation officer.
a. True
b. False
Private prisons are a billion-dollar industry.
a. True
b. False
Indigent defendants are those who pay for their own attorney.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is not a factor in determining if suspicion exist to justify a
search by a Custom and Border Patrol officer?
a. behavioral analysis
b. observational techniques
c. native language
d. K-9 Unit
The confiscation of property by the state because it was used in or acquired through a
crime.
a. constitution
b. civil forfeiture
c. felony
d. misdemeanor
Offenders serving community service receive small amounts of pay for their work.
a. True
b. False
Megan is a probation officer who has recently been assigned a client that will need
much closer monitoring than her coworker’s clients. Her client was sentenced to six
years probation based upon manufacturing with intent to distribute methamphetamine.
The client has conditions to his probation including a period of time that must be spent
in his home as well as a repayment plan for damage to property that occurred during the
manufacturing process. Megan’s client’s biggest obstacle to successful completion is the
home environment in which the client lives.
Megan’s client must pay for damages he was responsible for when he was
manufacturing drugs. The monies he will pay back, will be considered _______.
a. community service
b. fines
c. restitution
d. day reporting
Public opinion always supports the decisions of the United States Supreme Court.
a. True
b. False
According to your text’s discussion on a unified court system, which of the following is
NOT a goal of a unified court system?
a. eliminate overlapping boundaries
b. creating a hierarchical court structure
c. having courts funded by local government
d. creating a centralized court structure
Which type of release involves the parole board making decisions?
a. mandatory release
b. discretionary release
c. unconditional release
d. community release
Which type of criminology used science to study the body, mind, and environment of
the offender?
a. classical
b. neoclassical
c. positivist
d. victimology
Given adequate financial resources, most experts believe that prisons should include
programs that improve the lives of inmates such as vocational training, remedial
education, and work opportunities.
a. True
b. False
What entity in our society is primarily responsible for crime and justice issues?
a. government
b. interest groups
c. grass roots groups
d. scholars
State courts have huge caseloads.
a. True
b. False
The prison population contains a higher proportion of Hispanics than the general
population.
a. True
b. False
According to your text’s companion website, How do judges determine the amount of
day fines in Germany?
a. they use guidelines that equate money to time spent incarcerated
b. they use a flat rate equal to 40% of the offender’s salary
c. they select a random value
d. they ask the offender what he/she is able to pay
Which of the following does not allow the use of the exclusionary rule?
a. murder trial
b. federal court
c. state courts with no appellate system
d. grand jury proceedings
The ____________ is responsible for the punishment of federal offenders.
a. Federal Bureau of Incarceration
b. Federal Bureau of Prisons
c. Federal Bureau of Preventative Crime
d. Federal Bureau of Crime Displacement
Which of the following is true concerning community corrections?
a. community corrections receive considerable public support
b. community corrections suffer from an image of being ‘soft on crime”
c. localities have a surplus of resources for community corrections
d. community corrections is declining
According to a 2011 poll of Americans, crime did not appear among the top eleven
problems cited by Americans when asked to name the most important problem facing
the country today. Instead, the problems cited included:
a. economic declines
b. unemployment rates
c. healthcare and education issues
d. all of these
Fines exact a heavier toll on the poor than the wealthy.
a. True
b. False
Police officers cannot stop and frisk suspects even if they have reasonable suspicion.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following could legally be withheld or granted as rewards to prisoners?
a. Food
b. medical care
c. Water
d. “good time” credits
Consent searches are unconstitutional under the Fourth Amendment.
a. True
b. False
What layer of the criminal justice “wedding cake” reflects the priorities of how the
criminal justice system deals with felonies of “lesser concern
a. top
b. bottom
c. high-middle
d. low-middle
In the American criminal justice system, all cases undergo the same process and receive
equal attention.
a. True
b. False
What is the role of the police is handling juvenile cases? Do police handle juveniles
differently than adults?
A ___________sentence is determined by statute and cannot be altered by a judge.
What were the main criticisms of the separate confinement and congregate systems?
Why did the United States move away from these methods of incarceration?
_________occurs when an offender does not commit a crime for fear of receiving the
punishment.
The ___________lets officers contract independently with permission.
Some countries use corporal punishment as sanctions in criminal cases. Do you think
the United States should use a system of corporal punishment to control crime? What
results might we see in such a system?
When an offender is released from prison, he/she is still the government’s responsibility.
This concept of parole is called __________________.
Community based options include _____, in which juvenile offenders live with
families, usually for a short period, and group homes, often privately run facilities for
groups of 12 to 20 juvenile offenders.
What are technological advances that can be used as investigative tools for law
enforcement agencies?
Explain the difference between criminal law and civil law.
The United States has a __________court system with a separate federal and state court
systems.
Most inmates in jails are under ___________years of age.
The argument that crime is a natural part of social life was set forth by _________.
The right to counsel is of little value when the counsel is neither competent nor ______.
Why do you think that politicians often “propose laws without carefully studying” the
crimes those laws are meant to address? What is the effect of this on American society?