Of the following property crimes, which is most likely to have the highest average bail
set for felony arrests?
a. Larceny
b. Burglary
c. Motor vehicle theft
d. Fraud
Under truth-in-sentencing schemes, an offender must serve how much of their sentence
before they are eligible for release?
a. 65%
b. 75%
c. 85%
d. 90%
Self-report surveys are conducted most often on which of the following groups?
a. Juveniles
b. Death row inmates
c. Prisoners
d. Police officers
__________ theory focuses on a person’s bonds to society as a factor in preventing
crime.
a. Social learning
b. Social disorganization
c. Choice
d. Social control
The detective bureau is considered the backbone of policing.
a. True
b. False
On average, about how many people are executed in the United States each year?
a. 10″20
b. 40″50
c. 75″80
d. About 100
Terrorism is a major focus of police agencies today.
a. True
b. False
CASE 3.2
Warden Smith supervises 2000 male inmates who are incarcerated for various
reasons, including murder, rape, robbery, drugs, theft, and arson. He meets with
every inmate who is sentenced to his prison to get an understanding of where each
inmate came from and how he can possible help each inmate to not return to his
institution once released.
Joey is in prison for attempted murder.He got into a fight at a local bar with a man with
whom he was drinking some beers.The man made a comment about Joey’s girlfriend
and Joey just snapped and beat him until he was unconscious.The man was in a coma
for a few months before he woke up.The man sustained permanent brain
damage.Warden Smith asked Joey why he did not just walk away from this man who
commented about his girlfriend.Joey explained to Warden Smith that he always saw his
father and uncles handle disagreements by fistfighting.He says this is the only way he
knows how to settle disputes.Joey asks for help from Warden Smith.What theory would
explain Joey’s behavior?
a. Critical
b. Social learning
c. Psychodynamic
d. Choice
CASE 13.2
Three brothers are arrested over a seven-year period for three different crimes.
The oldest brother, James, was arrested for second-degree murder and was
sentenced to twenty years in prison. John, the second brother, was arrested for
drug possession and was sentenced to thirteen months in prison. Jason, the
youngest, was arrested for grand larceny and is currently serving four to seven
years in prison. Given this information, answer the following questions.
Given what we know about their crimes, which of the brothers will be most likely to
have educational opportunities in his facilities?
a. James only
b. John only
c. Jason and John only
d. All three brothers have educational opportunities as part of the prison experience
Which of the following is not one of the top three reasons institutions experience high
rates of sexual coercion?
a. Lenient security
b. Barrack-style housing
c. Direct-style pod housing
d. Large prison populations
In Florida, Chapter 782.04 of the Florida State Statutes explains the crime of
murder. Section 1 of thestatute reads: 782.04 Murder.(1)(a) The unlawful killing of
a human being:When perpetrated from apremeditated design to effect the death of
the person killed or any human being.
Which branch of government is responsible for enforcing this statue?
A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Police
The use of discretion by patrol officers is highly regulated and subject to administrative
oversight.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following was not one of the reasons behind the evolution of
communitypolicing?
a. Move toward a crime control perspective
b. Citizen frustration with police detachment
c. Inability of patrol to reduce certain types of crime
d. Desire to improve the public image of the police
The exclusionary rule applies to physical evidence as well as confessions.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is an example of soft technology that law enforcement uses?
a. Metal detectors
b. Tasers
c. Sex offender registration
d. Street lighting
Putting up large signs indicating that trash must be either thrown away or recycled and
placing bins to dump or recycle throughout a park is which type of situational crime
prevention tactic?
a. Increase the risks
b. Reduce provocation
c. Remove excuses
d. Induce shame or guilt
The U.S. Marshals work with law enforcement authorities at the federal, state, and
locallevels to apprehend felons.
a. True
b. False
CASE 15.1
Aubrey Jamison, a 17-year-old student, is arrested for possession of marijuana in
her high school after an anonymous tip led the principal and guidance counselor to
search her locker and the belongings therein. A small about of the narcotic and
three prescription-strength oxycodone pills were found in her purse. Given this
information, answer the following questions.
Given that this was Ms. Jamison’s first offense and that she is a model student, it is
likely the judge will focus on providing her treatment in a court for substance abusers
known as a:
a. Drug court.
b. Narcotics court.
c. Medicinal court.
d. Treatment court.
Which of the following is false about corrections in the United States?
a. Though crime has declined for most of the past decade, the correctional population
continues to grow.
b. Approximately 1.5 million juveniles are handled in juvenile courts each year.
c. The federal correctional budget is larger than state governments’ correctional budgets.
d. More than 7 million people are under some form of correctional supervision.
Studies have shown that defendants who are found guilty and were represented by
public defenders are incarcerated at higher rates than those who were found guilty while
being represented by private attorneys.
a. True
b. False
Cognitive psychologists are concerned with the way people perceive and mentally
representthe world in which they live.
a. True
b. False
Which type of bail occurs when a defendant is released, with no immediate requirement
for payment unless they do not appear in court?
a. Conditional bail
b. Release on recognizance
c. Unsecured bond
d. Surety bail
The term insanity:
a. Means a type of mental illness.
b. Has standard legal symptoms.
c. Is a legal concept only.
d. Has not been addressed by statute.
CASE 4.2
Adam is a 16-year-old who has a history of strange behavior. He is now being
homeschooled by his mother because he has a difficult time relating to his peers.
His psychologist has diagnosed him with bipolar disorder. One afternoon, Adam
goes to the high school that he once attended. He brings his father’s revolver and
attempts to shoot a few of his former classmates and a teacher. He misses all of his
targets and flees the school. He is later apprehended in his home when the
principal is able to identify him through the school’s video surveillance.
Adam is certain that he is not old enough to get in trouble for the crime of attempted
murder. His lawyer explains to him that there is a conclusive presumption of incapacity
for a child under age ____ and that he is legally allowed to be charged for these crimes.
a. 7
b. 10
c. 14
d. 18
CASE 6.1
Chief Williams is a newly hired police chief in the city of Middletown. He was
hired to implement changes in the police department. After five consecutive years
of increasing crime rates, low-level quality-of-life crimes seem to be on the rise. He
was brought in from an outside agency in the hope that he would restructure the
police department.
Other improvements to patrol need to be made according to Chief Williams’s
assessment. Hebelieves that the police should be maintainers of community order and
safety. This model ofpolicing is referred to as:
a. The technological model.
b. The broken windows model.
c. Procedural justice.
d. Rapid response.
Which of the following is the process in which a probation officer settles cases at the
initial appearance before the onset of formal criminal proceedings?
a. Presentence diversion
b. Intake
c. Classification
d. Declassification
A judge’s attitudes, beliefs, and views can greatly influence other facets of the criminal
justice system, including police officers.
a. True
b. False
Which laws require that convicted felons spend a significant portion of their sentence
behindbars?
a. Three-strike laws
b. Habitual offender laws
c. Mandatory sentencing laws
d. Truth-in-Sentencing laws
The two main ways for the defense to petition an appellate court for review of the
procedures once a client is found guilty are through the appeals process and through
habeas corpus.
a. True
b. False
The senior officer in a court of law, who is authorized to hear and decide cases is the:
a. Prosecutor.
b. Judge.
c. Appellate judge.
d. Ombudsman.
Issues pertaining to the defendant’s right to a speedy trial are subject to interpretation
under the ____________________ Amendment.
Discuss how the economy plays a role in crime rates.
Answer:Answers will vary.
A _________ is one in which police stop a car because they suspect the driver
isinvolved in a crime such as drug trafficking, but, lacking probable cause, they use a
rationale suchas a minor traffic violation to stop the car and search its interior.
A sentencing scheme requiring that offenders serve at least 85% of their original
sentence before being eligible for parole or early release is called
_______________________.
The concept of ____________________ refers to the frustration and inner conflict
experienced by people who believe that they cannot achieve their desires and goals
through legitimate means.
The removal of as many youths from secure confinement as possible, which was set
forth by the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Act of 1974, is known as
__________________.
Laws regarding waivers that either provide juvenile courts with criminal sentencing
options or allow criminal courts to impose juvenile dispositions are called
___________________________.
_____________ is one of the most popular less-lethal weapons used by law
enforcement because it shuts the eyes of a suspect and automatically induces shortness
of breath.
____________________ combines a homeland security focus with the manyadvances
made in the realms of community- and problem-oriented policing.
Explain how crime mapping can benefit patrol deployment.
Answer:Answers will vary.
At least twenty-five states now impose a fee on probationers to offset the cost of their
probation; this is known as ____________________.
The requirement that a search warrant state precisely where the search is to takeplace
and what items are to be seized is referred to as ____________________.
____________________ incarceration refers to short stints in boot-camp”like programs
in which inmates undergo intensive physical conditioning and discipline.
Compare and contrast the primary alternative correctional institutions discussed in the
text.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Explain the three trends listed in the text that have shaped contemporary correctional
institutions from 1960 to the present.
Answer:Answers will vary.
How do scientists test to see whethercrime is genetic?What does the current research
show?
Answer:Answers will vary.