According to the text, a vast majority of police departments administer polygraph
examinations to candidates for the police officer position.
In 1968, the Chicago Police Department assigned Barbara Blankenbaker and Susan
Conick to patrol. They were the first females to wear a uniform and a gun belt and to
drive a marked patrol car responding to calls for service on an equal basis with men.
The biggest recent threat to community policing and, consequently, the biggest criticism
of the initiatives that have taken place concern the current inability to keep police
departments fully staffed and to keep the money flowing to these initiatives.
The standard of proof that is necessary for police officers to conduct stops and frisks is
known as ____________________.