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A) polluted wastewater.
B) ravaged rainforests.
C) the greenhouse effect.
D) over-developed deserts.
89) Instead of declining, which nonrenewable energy source, because of its lack of pollution
and the rising price of oil, has seen significant growth?
A) wind power
B) nuclear power
C) geothermal power
D) petroleum
90) The emissions released by burning coal are considered directly responsible for
A) black holes.
B) global warming.
C) nuclear disasters.
D) catastrophic illness.
91) What is the cleanest of the nonrenewable fuel sources, and has become a substitute for
oil?
A) natural gas
B) diesel
C) nuclear
D) kerosene
92) Heat sources that are drawn from steam reservoirs deep in the earth are known as
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A) nuclear power.
B) hydropower.
C) geothermal power.
D) solar power.
93) Which group of renewable fuels is derived from organic materials whose energy is
supplied by photosynthesis?
A) biomass
B) geothermal
C) solar photovoltaic
D) shale
94) When companies rely on concentrating solar thermal power, what are they using to
collect sunlight?
A) water tanks
B) mirrors
C) buckets
D) farmland
FILL IN THE BLANK. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or
answers the question.
95) Business approaches to sustainability consider ecological, social, and ________ aspects
of the business.
96) ________ is an approach used to evaluate the environmental impact aspects of a product
or service throughout its life cycle.
97) ________ takes into account the evaluation aspects of a product provided by its LCA.
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98) The shorthand version of the C2C concept is the phrase ________.
99) C2C identifies two types of nutrients, the technical and the ________.
100) The Carbon Disclosure Project is a nonprofit organization that provides reporting
frameworks for sustainable water use and the reduction of ________.
101) A product’s ________ measures the volume of greenhouse gas emissions associated with
it, usually throughout its life cycle.
102) The three characteristics of environmentally sustainable businesses are, in brief,
limitations, interdependence, and ________.
103) Industries such as oil and mining extract resources from the earth and demonstrate how
recognizing ________ can help a company achieve sustainability.
104) Stakeholder theory calls for businesses to address the network of ________ caused by the
competing internal and external demands within which the business exists.
105) The ecosystem in which we live and do business and which is the basis for everything we
do as humans is known as ________.
106) ________, the features of the earth’s surface, contributes to differences in economies,
cultures, politics, and social structures wherever they occur.
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107) Because ________ has so much arid land, its population is spread along the coasts, giving
it one of the highest percentages of urban population in the world.
108) In densely populated areas, marketing and distribution costs are usually ________ than in
sparsely populated areas.
109) The set of meteorological conditions of temperature, precipitation, and wind that prevail
in a region constitutes that region’s ________.
110) Some writers have used climate differences to explain differences in human and
economic development. This explanation is known as the ________.
111) Energy that comes from sources that cannot be replenished is known as ________
energy.
112) ________ consist of 17 nonfuel mineral elements used in defense and technology
applications.
113) The category of fuels whose energy source is photosynthesis is known as ________.
114) The two main types of solar power are ________ and concentrating solar thermal.
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
115) Compare and contrast the life cycle assessment approach toward environmental impact
with the cradle-to-cradle design approach.
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116) Describe four tools for measuring sustainability.
117) Describe the shift toward renewable energy sources and provide examples.
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Answer Key
Test name: Module 4
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