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Student name:__________
1) Compare and contrast folkways and mores.
2) Discuss the relationship between society and the nation-state.
3) What are the determinants of culture?
4) Explain the concept of social stratification.
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5) Why is the role of education in a culture important to international companies?
6) What is the connection between religion and ethical systems? Do they have any
implications for business?
7) Consider the importance of unspoken language. Why is it important to be familiar with
the unspoken language of another culture?
8) Discuss why the stratification of a society is important to business.
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9) Explain how the Koran views business.
10) Consider the influence of Confucian ethics on the economies of China, Japan, South
Korea, and Taiwan.
11) Describe the four dimensions of culture as identified by Geert Hofstede.
12) Discuss the limitations of Hofstede’s research.
13) What are the implications of cultural differences for international businesses?
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14) Discuss the relationship between culture and national competitive advantage?
15) Culture is
A) static.
B) not static.
C) unchanging.
D) abstract.
16) The term _____ refers to a group of people sharing a common set of values and norms.
A) mores
B) society
C) culture
D) folkway
17) Cross-cultural literacy refers to
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A) an individual’s self-concept derived from perceived membership in a relevant social
group.
B) the phenomenon of merging and converging cultures.
C) abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable.
D) an understanding of how cultural differences can affect business.
18) _____ include such factors as indictments against theft, adultery, incest, and cannibalism.
A) Norms
B) Folkways
C) Mores
D) Values
19) _____ is/are best defined as shared assumptions about how things ought to be.
A) Norms
B) Values
C) Society
D) Culture
20) The system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when
taken together constitute a design for living best defines
A) society.
B) value systems.
C) principles.
D) culture.
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21) Social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations are
best described as
A) norms.
B) values.
C) culture.
D) society.
22) People who share a common set of values and norms form a
A) culture.
B) society.
C) country.
D) caste.
23) Even if a _____ can be characterized as having a single homogeneous culture, often that
national culture is a mosaic of subcultures.
A) culture
B) country
C) society
D) norm
24) _____ are the routine conventions of everyday life.
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A) Folkways
B) Mores
C) Rites
D) Beliefs
25) When Jana visits her mother, she takes great pains to watch her language and use good
manners because that is what her mother expects of her.This demonstrates the concept of
A) folkways.
B) mores.
C) rites.
D) beliefs.
26) The term _____ also means culture.
A) folkway
B) society
C) country
D) norm
27) _____ are social conventions concerning things such as the appropriate dress code in a
particular situation, good social manners, eating with the correct utensils, neighborly behavior,
and the like.
A) Values
B) Beliefs
C) Mores
D) Folkways
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28) An act as simple as shaking hands when meeting new people is an example of
A) values.
B) symbolic behavior.
C) mores.
D) social stratification.
29) A Japanese executive’s ritual of presenting a business card to a foreign business executive
is an example of
A) mores.
B) values.
C) attitudes.
D) folkways.
30) Mores are
A) the norms that are seen as central to the functioning of a society and its social life.
B) the routine conventions of everyday life.
C) abstract ideas about what a group believes to be right, good, and desirable.
D) the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular
situations.
31) Brad has been in trouble his whole life. He stole from the local hardware store when he
was 12, and as an adult he didn’t feel the need to be faithful to his wife. Brad is guilty of
violating
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A) mores.
B) folkways.
C) ethics.
D) values.
32) ________ are typically defined on the basis of characteristics such as family background,
occupation, and income.
A) Social strata
B) Norms
C) Social structure
D) Groups
33) A major difference between Buddhism and Hinduism is that unlike Hinduism, Buddhism
A) does not support the caste system.
B) emphasizes wealth creation.
C) promotes blind loyalty to employers.
D) supports extreme ascetic behavior.
34) A _____ is an association of two or more individuals who have a shared sense of identity
and who interact with each other in structured ways on the basis of a common set of expectations
about each other’s behavior.
A) society
B) collective
C) social strata
D) group
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35) The social organization of Western society tends to emphasize on
A) a group orientation.
B) collectivist values.
C) individual achievement.
D) work groups.
36) Which of the following refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the
strata into which they are born?
A) caste stratification
B) class system
C) social mobility
D) individual potential
37) Hindus believe
A) that there is but the one true omnipotent God.
B) in reincarnation, or rebirth into a different body, after death.
C) in the importance of individual religious freedom.
D) that a material quest is more important than a spiritual quest.
38) Which of the following is a closed system of stratification in which social position is
determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not
possible during an individual’s lifetime?
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A) caste system
B) class system
C) social system
D) cultural system
39) A _____ is a less rigid form of social stratification in which social mobility is possible.
A) caste system
B) normative system
C) religious system
D) class system
40) Which of the following statements is true about a class system?
A) A class system is a more rigid form of social stratification, compared to a caste
system.
B) A class system is a closed form of stratification.
C) Social mobility within a class system varies from society to society.
D) In a class system, social position is determined at birth and cannot be changed during
an individual’s lifetime.
41) According to _____, suffering originates in people’s desires for pleasure.
A) Hinduism
B) Protestantism
C) Buddhism
D) Judaism
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42) A caste system differs from a class system because
A) a caste system is an open system of stratification, while a class system is a closed
system of stratification.
B) it is not possible for an individual to change his or her caste, while a class system
allows people to change their class through individual achievement.
C) the social mobility in caste systems varies from society to society, while in a class
system there is no social mobility.
D) a caste system is a less rigid form of social stratification, while a class system is a
comparatively more rigid form of social stratification.
43) Ethical systems are
A) a set of moral principles, or values, that are used to guide and shape behavior.
B) shared beliefs and rituals that are concerned with the realm of the sacred.
C) routine conventions of everyday life.
D) social rules that govern people’s actions toward each other.
44) Religion may be defined as
A) routine conventions of everyday life.
B) social rules that govern people’s actions toward each other.
C) shared beliefs and rituals that are concerned with the realm of the sacred.
D) a set of moral principles, or values, that are used to guide and shape behavior.
45) Hinduism and Buddhism both stress the importance of
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A) the caste system.
B) the afterlife.
C) Confucian ethics.
D) life on earth.
46) Max Weber theorized that there was a relationship between Protestantism and the
emergence of modern capitalism because
A) Protestant ethics emphasize the importance of hard work and wealth creation and
frugality.
B) Protestantism promotes the hierarchical domination of religious and social life.
C) Protestantism states that spiritual growth is more important than material wealth.
D) Protestantism promotes blind loyalty to employers.
47) The concept of mobility between castes within an individual’s lifetime
A) is an opportunity to adopt positions of responsibility and influence in society.
B) makes no sense to traditional Hindus.
C) shows a figurative “reincarnation” of a person.
D) is a sign of spiritual progression to traditional Hindus.
48) Max Weber was a German sociologist who, in 1904, made the connection between _____
and “the spirit of capitalism.”
A) Protestant ethics
B) ethnocentrism
C) cross-cultural literacy
D) collectivism
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49) Which of the following statements about the use of spoken language is true?
A) The nature of a language has no effect on the way we perceive the world.
B) The language of a society does not direct the attention of its members to certain
features of the world rather than others.
C) Countries with more than one language often only have one culture.
D) Most people prefer to converse in their own language rather than English.
50) A condition where people tend to perceive themselves in terms of their class background
and this shapes their relationships with members of other classes is known as
A) class stratification.
B) social mobility.
C) class mobility.
D) class consciousness.
51) An upper-middle-class manager tends to have hostile relationships with the working-class
employees in the firm because of his tendency to perceive himself as superior to them based on
his class background. In this example, the manager exhibits
A) class consciousness.
B) cultural awareness.
C) social mobility.
D) group orientation.
52) There are three values central to the Confucian system of ethics that have very important
economic implications. Which of the following is one of these values?
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A) filial piety
B) rule-based law
C) humaneness
D) honesty in dealings with others
53) Which of the following sociologists made a connection between Protestant ethics and
“the spirit of capitalism”?
A) Karl Marx
B) Max Weber
C) Amartya Sen
D) Adam Smith
54) According to Islam, those who hold property are regarded as
A) trustees.
B) owners.
C) tenants.
D) speculators.
55) Which of the following observations is correct?
A) The economic principles established in the Koran are against free enterprise.
B) The economic principles of Islam prohibit the payment or receipt of interest.
C) The Koran speaks disapprovingly of earning legitimate profit through trade and
commerce.
D) Protection of the right to private property is not acceptable within Islam.
56) Under the mudarabah banking system, when an Islamic bank lends money to a business
A) it charges that business interest on the loan.
B) the business needs to pay back the loan with an additional markup.
C) it has to donate the interest received on the loan to a charitable trust.
D) it takes a share in the profits that are derived from the investment.
57) Which of the following statements is true about the murabaha contract?
A) Under the murabaha contract, when an Islamic bank lends money to a business it
takes a share in the profits that are derived from the investment.
B) Under the murabaha contract, money deposited in a savings account is treated as an
equity investment in whatever activity the bank uses the capital for.
C) The murabaha contract is widely used among the world’s Islamic banks because it is
the easiest to implement.
D) The murabaha contract is a more efficient system than the Western banking system
since it encourages both long-term savings and long-term investment.
58) In countries where the value of _____ identification is considered to be primary,
managers and workers are discouraged from moving from company to company.
A) individual
B) group
C) cultural
D) primary
59) The _____ dimension of Hofstede’s study explores how a society deals with the fact that
people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities.