Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Test Bank
Chapter 10: International Product Standardization and Adaptation
1. What legal system is based on legal precedents and usage traditions?
a. common law
b. civil law
c. theocratic law
d. parliamentary law
e. custom law
2. Which legal system utilizes statutes based on written words or a legal code?
a. common law
b. civil law
c. theocratic law
d. parliamentary law
e. custom law
3. Which system is based on religious writings and practices?
a. common law
b. civil law
c. theocratic law
d. parliamentary law
e. custom law
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
4. Establishing the legal drinking age as 18 in an area, because it has “always been that way” is
an example of ______.
a. common law
b. civil law
c. theocratic law
d. parliamentary law
e. custom law
5. The U.S. Uniform Commercial Code is an example of ______.
a. common law
b. civil law
c. theocratic law
d. parliamentary law
e. custom law
6. Using the principles of Islam to guide the legal system is an example of ______.
a. common law
b. civil law
c. theocratic law
d. parliamentary law
e. custom law
7. Copyrights, trademarks, and patents are ______.
a. intellectual property
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
b. territorial property
c. trade agreements
d. forms of common law protection
e. forms of theocratic law protection
8. What consists of creations of the mind or the intangible property that results from thought?
a. intellectual property
b. intangible property
c. think tank property
d. copyrights
e. patents
9. Which is NOT an example of intellectual property?
a. a new song
b. a novel
c. a patent on a new type of electrical plug
d. the Bill of Rights in the U.S. Constitution
e. a person’s identity
10. The unauthorized use or reproduction of intellectual property that has been legally protected
is intellectual property: ______.
a. co-optation
b. transfer
c. violation
d. piracy
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
e. stealth
11. The U.S. Economic Espionage Act of 1996 deals with ______.
a. corporate spying
b. dumping
c. trade protectionism
d. use of language
e. company rivalries
12. When technical experts examine product or create a replica by breaking down the original
and deducing how to manufacturer it, the process is ______.
a. transference
b. reverse engineering
c. corporate takeover
d. co-optation
e. legal
13. Which argues that intellectual property protection constrains creativity and limits freedoms?
a. postmodernism
b. economic development theory
c. Freedom of Information Act
d. free culture movement
e. anti-isolationism
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
14. Which of the following is NOT a major type of dispute in international marketing?
a. contract terms
b. payment disputes
c. responsibility for product liability
d. responsibility for damaged shipments
e. exchange rate fluctuations
15. What defines the power to apply law or local statutes?
a. jurisdiction
b. conciliation
c. litigation
d. arbitration
e. collectivism
16. Which method of conflict resolution is a formal process in which both parties agree to abide
by the decision of a third party?
a. jurisdiction
b. conciliation
c. litigation
d. arbitration
e. collectivism
17. Which applies to the various forms of mediation or conflict resolution that companies can
pursue before resorting to a more formal arbitration process?
a. deliberation
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
b. evaluation
c. conciliation
d. resolution
e. recognition
18. Which of the following statements is false regarding the litigation process as it applies to
international marketing?
a. Litigation can have high risks and costs for marketers.
b. Litigation processes often take years to complete.
c. Litigation issues often become public.
d. Litigation is usually the first step in intellectual property disputes.
e. Litigation is usually reserved as a method of last resort in these disputes.
19. What is the process of applying the same marketing mix to all markets in an international
marketing effort?
a. adaptation
b. standardization
c. global marketing design
d. individualized marketing plan
e. regional marketing plan
20. Which of the following refers to a reduction in the cost per unit as the total volume of a
product increases?
a. economies of scope
b. economies of scale
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
c. economies of production
d. economies of manufacture
e. economies of assembly
21. Which of the following emerge from producing a variety of similar products?
a. economies of scope
b. economies of scale
c. economies of production
d. economies of manufacture
e. economies of assembly
22. Unilever works on many different international products at once, creating efficiencies due to
which of the following economies?
a. economies of scope
b. economies of scale
c. economies of production
d. economies of manufacture
e. economies of assembly
23. Increased standardization may be the result which of the following?
a. cultural divergence
b. cultural similarity
c. cultural convergence
d. cultural cross-convergence
e. cultural transference
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
24. Changing any component of the marketing mix to better meet the needs of a local market is
known as which of the following?
a. adaptation
b. standardization
c. global marketing
d. individualized marketing
e. regional marketing
25. Bright Ideas Event Coordinators of Canada offers unique events and special occasions to
illustrate which of the following dimensions of services?
a. intangibility
b. heterogeneity
c. perishability
d. simultaneous production and consumption
e. quality
26. Services cannot be stored, which means they are heavily dependent on supply and demand.
This illustrates which of the following dimensions of services?
a. intangibility
b. heterogeneity
c. perishability
d. simultaneous production and consumption
e. quality
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
27. Services cannot be touched or displayed, which illustrates ______.
a. intangibility
b. heterogeneity
c. perishability
d. simultaneous production and consumption
e. quality
28. Getting a haircut is an example of service ______.
a. intangibility
b. heterogeneity
c. perishability
d. simultaneous production and consumption
e. quality
29. If a service provider provides service dependably and accurately, the company exhibits
which of the following dimensions of service quality?
a. reliability
b. assurance
c. tangibles
d. empathy
e. responsiveness
30. If a service provider conveys feelings of trust and knowledge, the company exhibits which of
the following dimensions of service quality?
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
a. reliability
b. assurance
c. tangibles
d. empathy
e. responsiveness
31. If a service provider conveys a feeling of caring and individual attention, the company
exhibits which of the following dimensions of service quality?
a. reliability
b. assurance
c. tangibles
d. empathy
e. responsiveness
32. If a service provider is willing and able to provide prompt service, the company exhibits
which of the following dimensions of service quality?
a. reliability
b. assurance
c. tangibles
d. empathy
e. responsiveness
33. Cultures with large power distance scores and medium individualism scores view which
dimension of service quality as most important?
a. reliability
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
b. assurance
c. tangibles
d. empathy
e. responsiveness
34. Cultures with large power distance scores and high collectivism scores rate which dimension
of service quality as most important?
a. reliability
b. assurance
c. tangibles
d. empathy
e. responsiveness
35. A formal conflict resolution process in which both parties agree to abide by the decision of a
third-party arbitrator is ______.
a. negotiation
b. conciliation
c. participation
d. arbitration
e. litigation
36. Which is normally the last resort for disputing parties, due to problems of cost and time?
a. negotiation
b. conciliation
c. participation
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
d. arbitration
e. litigation
37. Which method of reducing music piracy gives offenders one or two warnings before criminal
charges are pursued?
a. repeat offender
b. graduated response
c. gradual warning
d. backward spiral
e. reduced threat
38. Which approach to standardization and adaptation suggests that marketers should do what is
appropriate for each market regarding standardization and adaptation, often resulting in a
combination of both strategies?
a. consumer based
b. market based
c. fulfillment
d. contingency
e. region based
39. When an international marketer extends both its product and communication components of
the marketing mix, it is said to be using which of the following approaches to adaptation?
a. diversification
b. dual adaptation
c. dual extension
Instructor Resource
Baack et al., International Marketing, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
d. dual marketing
e. dual communication
40. Country-of-origin effects are most likely to occur when a company follows which approach
to product and communication adaptation?
a. dual extension
b. dual adaptation
c. dual marketing
d. dual diversification
e. dual communication
41. Because needs for products are unique in individual countries, cosmetics companies often
follow which of the following strategies when marketing products internationally?
a. product and communication extension
b. product extension-communication adaptation
c. product adaptation-communication extension
d. product-communication adaptation
e. dual product adaptation
42. The Coca-Cola Company remains the same, so the company often uses which of the
following strategies when marketing its products internationally?
a. product and communication extension
b. product extension-communication adaptation
c. product adaptation-communication extension
d. product-communication adaptation