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Fill in the Blank Questions
107.
Among the most significant uncontrollable forces for businesses are the __________. An
example is income distribution.
108.
When a firm enters overseas markets, economic analyses become more complex because
now managers must operate in two new environments: _______ and ________.
109.
The ________ environment includes all the uncontrollable forces originating outside the
home country that surround and influence the firm.
110.
The ________ environment includes the interactions between domestic and foreign
environmental forces, or between sets of foreign environmental forces when an affiliate in
one country does business with customers in another.
111.
The collection of data and the preparation of reports are usually the responsibility of the
____________.
112.
__________ is the total value of all income generated by a nation's residents from
international and domestic activity.
113.
___________ is a classification for the world's low- and middle-income nations.
114.
___________ are frequently characterized as those industrialized, or postindustrial, service-
based nations that are economically advanced, with established infrastructures—roads,
bridges, utilities, power supplies, communications, and other structural elements needed
for the smooth operation of a society—and that have achieved high incomes per capita
that support a high living standard.
115.
Economies with per capita incomes in the low to middle range that are in a transition
toward developed status are referred to as ______________.
116.
To estimate ______________, managers require data on the size and the rates of change of
economic and socioeconomic factors.
117.
When an international manager is considering where to do business, one of the first
considerations is the _______ of the economy.
118.
___________ measures the market value of goods and services produced within a nation in
a particular year.
119.
We can generally assume that the _______ the level of GNI per capita, the more advanced
the economy.
120.
__________ is a means of adjusting the exchange rates for two currencies so the
currencies have equivalent purchasing power.
121.
The Big Mac Index is a playful application of __________ theory.
122.
The __________ is the arithmetic average of the current exchange rate and the exchange
rates in the two previous years, adjusted by the ratio of domestic inflation to the combined
inflation rates of the euro zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
123.
The __________ is the part of a nation's income that, because of unreporting or
underreporting, is not measured by official statistics.
124.
__________ is a measure of how a nation's income is apportioned among its people.
125.
The __________ is a measure of the degree to which family income within a country is
distributed equally.
126.
Despite the difficulties associated with income distribution studies, when contrasting
richer and poorer nations, the data confirm that, generally, income is more evenly
distributed in the ______ nations.
127.
One area of interest to marketers is the manner in which consumers allocate their after-
tax personal income, also known as _________.
128.
The amount of income left after paying taxes and making essential purchases is
_________.
129.
Because _______-based consumer expenditures eliminate differences between prices,
marketers use them to analyze how the composition of consumption changes with the
level of development.
130.
Analyses of personal consumption reveal that commercial energy use per capita is related
to the size of the modern sectors—__________, industry, and motorized transport.
131.
Total direct labor costs divided by units produced are known as __________.
132.
Changes in labor __________ rates may also cause a multinational firm to change its
sources of supply.
133.
The reasons for the relative changes in labor costs include compensation, productivity,
and __________.
134.
__________ tends to vary more widely than wages because of differences in fringe
benefits.
135.
Unit labor costs will not rise in unison with compensation rates if gains in __________
outstrip increases in hourly compensation.
136.
As the level of a country's __________ increases, more resources are redirected toward
payment of interest rather than invested for productive uses.
