Test Bank (Multiple Choice)
Chapter 12: Latin America
What Is Latin America?
1. Which colonial power coined the term “Latin America” in the mid-nineteenth
century as a means to assert its influence?
a) Spain
b) Netherlands
c) France
d) Italy
2. What are the two dominant languages spoken in South America?
a) Spanish and French
b) Spanish and English
c) Spanish and Italian
d) Spanish and Portuguese
3. How many distinct geographical territories comprise Latin America?
a) four: the Southern Cone, the Andean Nations, Brazil, and the small states in the
northwest corner.
b) three: South America, Central America, and the islands of the Caribbean sea.
c) four: Central America, the islands of the Caribbean Sea, Brazil, and South
America.
d) three: the Southern Cone, Central America, and the Antilles.
4. South America is home to
a) the world’s highest mountain peak.
b) the world’s wettest marshlands.
c) the world’s largest number of fresh-water lakes.
d) the world’s driest desert.
5. Which of the following countries has English as its national language, was under
the colonial supervision of the United Kingdom, and was called the “British
Honduras” prior to independence?
a) Panama
b) Belize
c) Jamaica
d) Grenada
A Shared History
1. Which of these groups is NOT an indigenous people who inhabited Latin America
at the time of the European Conquest?
a) Aztec
b) Arawak
c) Carib
d) Inca
2. Iberian power in Europe began to wane in the
a) 1400s.
b) 1500s.
c) 1700s.
d) 1900s.
3. In the late-eighteenth to early-nineteenth century, the term criollos was used to
describe
a) American-born citizens who agitated for freedom from colonial empires.
b) colonial citizens loyal to the British Crown.
c) slaves born in the colonies after being brought to the New World as labor.
d) South American dictators.
4. By the early 1800s, the Iberian royals faced which of the following obstacles to
their continued rule in the Americas?
a) Other powers, especially the United Kingdom, invading their colonial land
holdings
b) Revolts by colonists
c) Their own waning power in Europe
d) All of these are correct.
5. What is the meaning of the Spanish term caudillismo?
a) A political system where a rich local land owner administers the law
b) Shared power between indigenous peoples and ethnic Spaniards
c) A system of equal land distribution
d) A neo-colonial trading structure
6. According to your textbook, what became of the nineteenth-century plantation?
a) They were abolished after the revolts against colonial tyranny.
b) They were transformed into twentieth-century corporate farms.
c) They morphed into modern-day militant terrorist groups.
d) They fell apart with the end of slavery.
Latin American Economic Development
1. In Latin American studies, what is meant by “dependency” theory?
a) Political rule in Latin America in the nineteenth century was dependent on
being a caudillo, or a “leader,” who acquires power based on possession of large
amounts of land.
b) The global marketplace is an unfair trading ground for most less-
developed countries.
c) The system of caudillismo, one of political power, was dependent on another
system, the latifundia, which was based on land ownership.
d) The more dependents that a family has, the better its economic well being.
2. Which of the following represents the ISI strategy?
a) Development of national industry and separation from the global economy
b) An indigenous-based economic strategy designed to create greater economic
parity among races and classes in the region
c) The permission for immigrants from other countries to enter Latin American
countries in greater numbers, to provide a larger workforce
d) Lowering tariffs to encourage exports and imports
3. Which of the following is an example of an international financial institution?
a) The World Bank
b) The Inter-American Development Bank
c) The International Monetary Fund
d) All of these are correct.
4. Which of the following was an effect of the SAPs, or structural adjustment
programs, instituted by the international financial institutions in the 1980s?
a) Widespread unemployment
b) Triple-digit inflation
c) Cuts in subsidies
d) All of these are correct.
5. Which two recent neo-liberal treaties affecting a number of Latin Americas nations
have struggled and failed to win public support for implementation?
a) NAFTA and the TPP
b) TPP and FTAA
c) FTAA and NAFTA
d) Only the TPP failed to win public support.
6. Increasing trade with ___(1)___ has made Latin America less dependent on the
region’s previously prominent trading partner(s) ___(2)___.
a) 1) the United States; 2) China and the EU
b) 1) the EU; 2) the United States
c) 1) China; 2) the United States and the EU
d) 1) the EU and the United States; 2) China
Latin America’s Path to Democracy
1. Until recently, many Latin American governments have been typically
a) Social democratic
b) Marxist
c) Authoritarian
d) Constitutional monarchies
2. Which countries have moved from military dictatorship to democracy?
a) Argentina
b) Brazil
c) Chile
d) All of the above.
3. What role has the United States played in promoting democracy in Latin
America?
a) The United States has consistently supported democratically-elected regimes in
the region, despite disagreements with certain leaders.
b) The United States supported some military coups in the 1960s and 1970s, but
was much more supportive of leftist regimes in the 1980s and 1990s.
c) The United States primarily targeted communist Cuba with anti-regime
activities and was unconcerned about regimes in the rest of the region.
d) The United States has consistently undermined democratically-elected Latin
American governments with which it had differences, backing right-wing
challengers and supporting military coups.
Chapter 12
Question
Answer
1
c
2
d
3
b
4
d
5
b
1
b
2
c
3
a
4
d
5
a
6
b
1
b
2
a
3
d
4
d
5
b
6
c
1
c
2
d
3
d