CHAPTER 11:
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
OBJECTIVES
• Define terms related to common industrial processes.
• Explain and contrast petrochemical process.
• Describe the benzene, BTX aromatics, and ethylbenzene processes.
• Describe the ethylene glycols, mixed xylenes, and olefins processes.
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. What is the primary difference between petrochemical and refinery processes?
2. List the significant events that occurred between 1914 and 1960.
3. Describe the evolution of the refinery process to petrochemical processes.
4. Describe the benzene process.
5. Describe the BTX aromatics process.
6. Sketch the ethylbenzene process.
7. Describe ethylene glycol operations.
8. Describe mixed xylenes operations.
9. Describe olefins operations.
10. Describe the paraxylene process.
11. Draw a simple sketch of the polyethylene process.
12. Describe xylene isomerization operations.
13. Describe the ethylene process.
14. Explain the basic refining process.
15. Explain alkylation.
16. Describe fluid catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming and hydrocracking.
17. Describe the hydrodesulfurization process.
18. Explain the principles of crude distillation.
19. Explain fluid coking.
CHAPTER ELEVEN TEST
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
1. What is the primary difference between refinery and petrochemical processes?
a. petrochemical processes have been around longer
b. refinery processes have been around longer
c. refinery processes are based on crude oil
d. petrochemical processes are based upon chemicals
2. During WW-2, American manufacturers produced _____% of the aviation fuel used by
the Allies.
a. 25
b. 40
c. 80
d. 95
3. The _________ process is designed to produce high-purity ________ and heavy
aromatics from a mixture of toluene and heavier aromatics.
a. paraxylene
b. BTX aromatics
c. xylene
d. benzene
4. What process is based upon extractive distillation and is designed to produce yields of
benzene, toluene hydrogen, xylenes, and C5+?
a. BTX aromatics
b. paraxylene
c. benzene
d. ethylene glycol
5. The raw feed stock for an (a) ______ ______ unit includes refined ethylene oxide and
pure water.
a. iron oxide
b. ethylene glycols
c. ortho xylene
d. BTX aromatics
6. What three processes are associated with olefins production. Circle three!
a. natural gas or raw methanol to ethylene, propylene, and butene.
b. hydrocarbon feed stock to isobutylene and isoamylene feed stocks.
c. gas oil feed stocks into high octane gasoline and distillate, and C2-C5 olefins.
d. takes mixed xylenes from reformers or steam crackers to produce high purity
paraxylene.
7. Polyethylene, linear polyethylene or linear low density polyethylene is closely associated
with:
a. plastics
b. rubber
c. steel
d. ethylene oxide
8. There are ___ common refining processes used by industrial manufacturers.
a. 19
b. 29
c. 38
d. 49
9. Alkylation units take two small molecules of iso-butane and olefin (propylene, butylenes
or pentylenes) and combines them into one large molecule of high-octane liquid called
_______.
a. propylene
b. pentane
c. alkylate
d. methane
10. Fluid catalytic cracking units take gas oil and
a. splits it into smaller, more useful molecules.
b. combines it into a larger molecule
c. burns off the excess coke
d. blends it with xylenes
ANSWER KEY TEST 11 INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES