1) Which statement characterizes the protein nutrition in vegetarians?
a. Vegetarians in general must practice complementary protein nutrition.
b. Most vegetarians should consume gelatin to ensure adequate tryptophan intake.
c. Healthy vegetarians typically consume protein sources of very high digestibility.
d. Most vegetarians eating a variety of foods need not balance essential amino acid
intake at each meal.
e. A significant majority of vegetarians experience clinically significant protein
malnutrition.
2) How is soluble fiber in the diet thought to help lower blood cholesterol level?
a. It denatures cholesterol in the stomach.
b. It hydrolyzes cholesterol in the intestinal tract.
c. It traps cholesterol in the intestinal tract and thus inhibits its absorption.
d. It enhances excretion of bile leading to increased cholesterol turnover.
e. It binds to the fats and denatures them.
3) In weight training, muscle strength can best be emphasized by performing a
a. low number of repetitions with heavy weight.
b. low number of repetitions with lighter weight.
c. high number of repetitions with heavy weight.
d. high number of repetitions with lighter weight.
e. sufficient repetitions with any weight to induce exhaustion.
4) The part of the grain that remains after being refined is the ____.
a.bran
b.germ
c.husk
d.endosperm
e.chaff
5) Deficiency in which of the following is associated with irreversible intellectual
disability?
a. iron
b. iodine
c. protein
d. vitamin A
e. zinc.
6) Which of the following is a feature of whey protein?
a. It is a high-priced protein supplement.
b. It is chemically extracted from gelatin.
c. It is a waste product of cheese production.
d. It enhances athletic performance when regularly consumed.
e. It is no longer legal to use in over-the-counter products
7) What nutrients in foods are most vulnerable to losses during food handling and
preparation?
a. Trace minerals
b. Fat-soluble vitamins
c. Polyunsaturated fats
d. Water-soluble vitamins
e. Simple carbohydrates
8) What is the primary organ that metabolizes fructose and galactose following
absorption?
a. liver
b. pancreas
c. skeletal muscle
d. small intestines
e. colon
9) In cows infected with mad cow disease, which of the following tissues is generally
free of the infectious agents?
a. Brain
b. Muscle
c. Spinal cord
d. Nerves
e. Eyes
10) When amino acids are deaminated, the immediate products are ammonia and often
a ____.
a. uric acid
b. keto acid
c. folic acid
d. gluco acid
e. phyto acid
11) The application of heat or acid to a protein that causes its shape to change is known
as ____.
a. stiffening
b. condensation
c. denaturation
d. destabilization
e. hydrolization
12) Which of the following nutrients enhances iron absorption from the intestinal tract?
a. Biotin
b. Calcium
c. Vitamin D
d. Vitamin C
e. Vitamin A
13) Which of the following is true of carbohydrate cravings and addictions?
a. People seek carbohydrates to restore brain glucagon levels.
b. The addiction does not appear to be physiological or pharmacological.
c. They are regarded as an important public health threat.
d. They reflect an early form of self-destructive behavior.
e. They are deliberately induced by food manufacturers.
14) Which statement describes a feature of iron nutrition in vegetarians?
a.Vegetarians adapt to absorbing iron more efficiently.
b.Iron utilization is inhibited by the high zinc content in grains
c.The absorption of iron is low due to the high vitamin C intake.
d.More iron deficiency is found in vegetarians than in people eating a mixed diet.
e.There are no differences in iron intake or utilization in vegetarians.
15) Which product provides abundant amounts of omega-3 fatty acids?
a. Palm oil
b. Walnut oil
c. Soybean oil
d. Flaxseed oil
e. Corn oil
16) Which statement is true of lactose?
a. Its digestion begins in the mouth.
b. It is found in various amounts in most animal foods.
c. It is used as filler in one out of five prescription drugs.
d. It causes frequent allergies in certain population groups.
e. It is used in nearly all over-the-counter drugs.
17) Which of the following disorders may result from vitamin E deficiency in people?
a.Rickets
b.Xerophthalmia
c.Muscular dystrophy
d.Erythrocyte hemolysis
e.Osteomalacia
18) Which of the following is one of the recommendations to treat
pregnancy-associated heartburn?
a. Eat many small meals.
b. Drink fluids only with meals.
c. Exercise within 30 minutes after eating.
d. Lie down within 30 minutes after eating.
e. Recline while eating.
19) Provide a brief definition of a vitamin.
20) In vitamin D deficiency, production of ____________________, a protein that
binds calcium in the intestinal cells, slows.
21) How does hypertension develop? Why does obesity aggravate the hypertensive
state?
22) The ____________________ are the largest and least dense of the lipoproteins.
23) Outline the adverse effects and mechanisms of alcohol intake and of smoking on
bone health.
24) In ____________________, the surgeon constructs a small stomach pouch and
creates an outlet directly to the small intestine, bypassing most of the stomach, the
entire duodenum, and some of the jejunum.
25) Triglycerides are composed of three fatty acids attached to a(n)
____________________.
26) What is meant by the term “nutrient-dense food”? Give three examples each of
foods with high nutrient density and low nutrient density.
27) Contrast the properties of minerals with those of vitamins.