Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
a. Interacting groups.
b. Brainstorming groups.
c. Nominal groups.
d. Electronic groups.
e. Taskforce groups.
50) Which of the following attributes is associated with creative potential?
a. dependence
b. intolerance of ambiguity
c. high need for structure
d. self-confidence
e. risk aversion
51) According to the three-component model of creativity, individual creativity requires
creative-thinking skills, intrinsic task motivation, and
a. intuition.
b. expertise.
c. self-confidence.
d. risk aversion.
e. tolerance for ambiguity.
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
52) The ability to use analogies is indicative of a person’s
a. expertise.
b. intrinsic task motivation.
c. intuition.
d. intelligence.
e. creative-thinking skills.
53) ________ determines the extent to which individuals fully engage their expertise and
creative-thinking skills.
a. Intelligence
b. Intuition
c. Intrinsic task motivation
d. Creative potential
e. Self-confidence
54) Creativity will be enhanced if
a. the person given the project is being watched so that others may learn the process.
b. resource allocation is fair and efficient.
c. the person given the project is granted freedom in determining the process required to
complete the project.
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
d. the situation is a win-lose situation.
e. there are limits set on how the work must be done, thus enabling the person doing the
project to find more creative coping skills and more creative ways of doing the work.
55) ________ will increase the level of creativity employees are able to achieve.
a. Time restrictions
b. Group homogeneity
c. Win-lose situations
d. Job challenges
e. Restricted resources
56) Within which of the following steps of the rational decision-making model would
creativity probably be the most important?
a. identifying and developing alternatives
b. the best alternative selection
c. allocating weights to criteria
d. evaluating the alternatives
e. using the alternatives to develop task structures
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
57) We know from OB research that organizational constraints have an impact on the
way employees make creative decisions. Therefore, organizations, which desire their
employees to think and act creatively, would be wise to create an environment that
fosters creativity. Which of the following is a recommendation to improve the work
environment in order to facilitate creativity?
a. Adjust the reward system to recognize creativity.
b. Develop policies and procedures to direct employees on how to be creative.
c. Provide employees with the resources to be creative.
d. Recruit and select creative people for positions in the first place.
e. Tell employees they are creative in order to establish a sense of self-efficacy.
58) If a senior manager states that he makes decisions on the basis of the ________, then
he is basing his decisions on the principle of utilitarianism.
a. greatest good for democracy
b. greatest good for the greatest number
c. greatest good for the decision makers
d. greatest good for the least privileges
e. greatest good for the best performers
59) The whistle-blower who reports unethical or illegal organizational operating practices
to the media on the grounds of free speech is exercising which of the following ethical
decision criteria?
a. utilitarianism
b. justice criterion
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
c. rights criterion
d. labour code of ethical conduct
e. situational ethics
60) People with an ________ locus of control are more likely to take ________
responsibility for the consequences of their ethical decisions.
a. external; less
b. external; more
c. internal; less
d. internal; no
e. external; extreme
61) Unions often favour paying people the same wage for a given job, regardless of
performance differences, and use seniority as the primary determinant in making layoff
decisions. Thus, they would typically favour which of the following ethical decision
criteria?
a. utilitarianism
b. rights criterion
c. whistle-blowing
d. justice criterion
e. social responsibility
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
62) If you decide to teach a group of employees about the importance of making
decisions consistent with fundamental liberties and privileges, then you are planning to
focus on which ethical decision criterion?
a. utilitarianism
b. justice criterion
c. rights criterion
d. social privilege
e. group conformity
63) A company that operates in a way that focuses on the well-being of its employees is
reflective of which of the following ethical decision criteria?
a. utilitarianism
b. justice criterion
c. rights criterion
d. criterion of care
e. social responsibility
64) Individuals who have progressed to higher levels of moral development will place
increased value on the rights of others. These individuals are
a. strongly influenced by their peers to conform.
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
b. likely to follow an organization’s rules and procedures.
c. likely to value the majority opinion.
d. likely to challenge organizational practices that they feel or believe are wrong.
e. predisposed to use their influence to disregard the organization’s value system.
65) If you decide to explain to a group of employees about ethical and unethical
behaviour in decision making, then you will include
a. intuitive decision making.
b. escalation of commitment.
c. stages of moral development.
d. the paradigm shift.
e. management principles.
66) An organization that focuses on a high level of ethical behaviour would promote
a. exemplary behaviour by senior management.
b. employee supervision.
c. decisions that improve task motivation.
d. an organizational culture that supports profit at any cost.
e. the creative expression of its employees.
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
67) Characteristics of an organizational environment that are likely to foster high levels
of ethical decision-making include
a. clear job descriptions.
b. a written code of ethics.
c. better orientation of new employees.
d. a focus on the customer.
e. attention to detail.
68) Encouraging employees to volunteer time and skills to charitable organizations is an
example of
a. a stage of moral development.
b. corporate social responsibility.
c. an ethical code of conduct.
d. whistle-blowing.
e. ethical actions based on justice.
69) Rockwell Ltd. is sensitive to the employment needs of the Aboriginal community
where the business is located. The company makes business decisions with the local
people in mind. This is an example of
a. a strategic decision.
b. problem clarification.
c. a rational decision.
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
d. corporate social responsibility.
e. maximum payoff.
70) Organizations trying to better society through such things as charitable contributions
or providing better wages to employees working in offshore factories are exhibiting
a. problem clarification.
b. cultural sensitivity.
c. utilitarianism.
d. escalation of commitment.
e. corporate social responsibility.
71) Rationality assumes that decision makers are guided by logic alone.
a. True
b. False
72) Making decisions based on rational thought can be learned.
a. True
b. False
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
73) The rational decision-making model assumes that the decision maker can list all
possible alternatives.
a. True
b. False
74) The concept of satisficing is consistent with finding the best option.
a. True
b. False
75) Intuitive decision-making is a conscious process created out of experience.
a. True
b. False
76) The tendency to believe that we could have accurately predicted an outcome for
something that has already happened is called risk aversion.
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
a. True
b. False
77) The business that Kim works for has decided to relocate. Kim has been given the task
of deciding the new location for the business. After searching for a few months, Kim has
found what she thinks is a prime location and the one to which the business should
relocate. In her decision process, Kim thinks that looking for information that would
contradict her choice is not a good idea. Kim is right, as searching for contradictory
information only creates chaos and confusion over the results.
a. True
b. False
78) Continuing to proceed with a course of action that you now think is likely to fail is
called the anchoring bias.
a. True
b. False
79) The tendency for people to base their judgments on information that is readily
available to them rather than on complete data is known as confirmation bias.
a. True
b. False
Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour, Fifth Canadian Edition
Chapter 9— Decision Making, Creativity and Ethics
80) Bounded rationality assumes that it is difficult for us to identify and consider every
possible alternative available.
a. True
b. False
81) Istvan is a board member of a local athletics club. During the board’s last meeting, he
realized that they were making decisions using the groupthink method. Istvan is quite
excited about the new decision-making technique. Istvan should advise the board to
continue using this method, as it will improve the quality of their decisions.
a. True
b. False
82) Intuition is an important tool in the rational decision-making process.
a. True
b. False