Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
1. (p. 196) Businesses have an absolute right to exist and pursue profits.
2. (p. 196) The emergence of public issues often encourages companies to monitor public
concerns, respond to government proposals, and participate in the political process.
3. (p. 196) In many countries, the political environment has a select few participants.
4. (p. 197) Various stakeholder groups often use far different tactics than businesses to influence
government officials, elections, and regulation.
5. (p. 197) Labor unions have been an active participant in United States politics for decades.
6. (p. 198) Most scholars agree that business must participate in politics.
7. (p. 199) Businesses must wait for a public issue to arise before forming a political strategy.
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
8. (p. 199) Loaning office personnel is a financial-incentive political strategy tool.
9. (p. 200) The most effective type of lobbying involves targeting only federal officials.
10. (p. 201) Under U.S. law, lobbying activities must be disclosed publicly.
11. (p. 202) Sometimes businesspeople leave the private sector to take employment in
government before returning to the corporate world.
12. (p. 203) Expert witnesses provide information to legislators for businesses or business
groups.
13. (p. 204) According to the textbook, in 2009, corporations are permitted by law to make direct
contributions to political candidates for national and most state offices.
14. (p. 208) Advocacy advertising focuses not on a company’s views on controversial political
issues, but rather on a particular product or service.
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
15. (p. 214 – 215) Campaign finance reforms can be found in many countries other than the United
States.
16. (p. 195) In 2008, a Google and Yahoo advertising partnership that would allow Google to
sell ads alongside some search results in Yahoo prompted:
Difficulty: Medium
17. (p. 196) Public policies and government regulations are shaped by:
Difficulty: Easy
18. (p. 196) Proponents of business as a political participant argue:
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
19. (p. 197) In a 2009 Harris poll, how many people believed that political action committees
were seen as too powerful?
Difficulty: Medium
20. (p. 197 – 198) In the 2008 election cycle, the United Auto Workers Union gave:
Difficulty: Easy
21. (p. 198) Two or more participants joining together to act in concert in the political process is
called:
Difficulty: Hard
22. (p. 198) The National Energy Plan signed into law by President Bush:
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
23. (p. 198 – 200) A corporate political strategy does not:
Difficulty: Medium
24. (p. 199) To influence government policymakers’ actions, an information strategy involves:
Difficulty: Medium
25. (p. 199) A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is:
Difficulty: Medium
26. (p. 200) Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool?
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
27. (p. 200) The information strategy tool most used by business is:
Difficulty: Medium
28. (p. 201) Lobbyists, under U.S. law, must disclose their:
Difficulty: Easy
29. (p. 201) Since 1998, the number of lobbyists has risen about:
Difficulty: Medium
30. (p. 202) Which of the following group has seen the greatest revolving door activity?
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
31. (p. 203) Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to:
Difficulty: Easy
32. (p. 203) One of the most effective organizations promoting direct communications between
business and policymakers is:
Difficulty: Hard
33. (p. 203) Expert witness testimony is often provided:
Difficulty: Hard
34. (p. 204) One of the most common financial-incentive strategy tools is:
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
35. (p. 204) Companies have been permitted to contribute to political action committees since:
Difficulty: Medium
36. (p. 204) According to the textbook, under the existing U.S. campaign contributions law,
individuals can contribute:
Difficulty: Hard
37. (p. 204) According to the textbook, under the existing U.S. campaign contribution law,
individuals:
Difficulty: Hard
38. (p. 206) The greatest number of political action committees is represented by:
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
39. (p. 206) Economic leverage occurs when a business uses it economic power to:
Difficulty: Hard
40. (p. 208) Advocacy ads are also called:
Difficulty: Easy
41. (p. 208) Supporters of advocacy advertisements believe that they:
Difficulty: Hard
42. (p. 209) Trade associations are:
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
43. (p. 209) When a business seeks to overturn a law after it has been passed or threatens to
challenge the legal legitimacy of the new regulation in the courts, this is called:
Difficulty: Easy
44. (p. 212) Campaign finance reform was sought in the United States to:
Difficulty: Medium
45. (p. 212) In December 2003, a federal court ruled that the campaign finance reforms ban on
soft money:
Difficulty: Medium
46. (p. 196 – 197) Prepare a strong argument in favor of and in opposition to businesses being
involved in the political process.
Chapter 09 – Influencing the Political Environment
47. (p. 197 – 198) Who are the major participants in the political process and are they cooperative
or adversarial in their relations with each other?
48. (p. 198 – 200) How do the three types of corporate political strategies differ from each other?
49. (p. 200 – 209) Describe two tactics used to promote each of the three types of corporate
political strategies.
50. (p. 209 – 210) Compare and contrast the three levels of business political involvement.
51. (p. 212 – 213) How does the problem of money and campaign financing in the American
political system affect business?
52. (p. 213 – 215) Identify and describe four of the eight themes found in campaign financing
reform abroad.